E – Rupee and E – Token Landscape By Tripti Maroti CRO0672045
INTRODUCTION E- Rupee is a sovereign currency issued by Reserve Bank of India. It is freely convertible into commercial banks money and cash India It is a fungible (transferrable) legal tender in India.
Why E – Rupee came into action??
Just like Cash, notes inserted in this app are known as “E – Tokens” JUPITER It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet in the Solar System VENUS Venus has a very poisonous atmosphere MARS Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place
5000,00,00,000 was spent by indian govt. j ust for PRINTING of INDIAN CURRENCY NOTES Plus, Digital E-Rupee is full-fledged accessible, and secure by the nation’s authority.
Types of CBDC’s (E – Rupee) Wholesale CBDCs: Intended for use by financial institutions for interbank settlements and other wholesale transactions Retail CBDCs: Designed for use by the general public for everyday transactions, similar to how cash is used today.
Difference between Bitcoin and E - Rupee Decentralized Not controlled Doesn’t have any intrinsic value Not a legal tender in India Value varies Taxed @30% Centralized Controlled by RBI Backed by Reserve bank of India (RBI can control E- rupee) Legal Tender in India Value remains static No such tax Bitcoin E- Rupee
E – Rupee seems like UPI but it functions like cash. But surprisingly it is different from both of them.
And difference amongst three of them is of Anonymity and anonymity here refers to : “Tracing of Transactions”
Difference between E – Rupee and UPI No charges are there for transactions occurred by E – Rupee but in UPI if transaction amount is greater than Rs. 2000 then charges are also incurred. E – Rupee’s token have serial number into them and are also signed by RBI’s Governor but on UPI nothing seems like this. E – Rupee is a form of money, a digital representation of physical currency whereas UPI or other fund transfer modes are forms of payment.
No interest will be levied for keeping digital currency in E – wallet. No charges Remains static. No tax Benefits of E - Rupee
UPCOMING BENEFITS No bank account is required E – Rupee transactions can also be done without internet. Govt. be like :
Challenges and concerns for E – rupee Privacy Concerns: Easily monitored and traced, potentially compromising individual financial privacy. Cyber - security Risks: CBDCs are susceptible to cyber-attacks , requiring robust security measures to protect the digital currency's integrity. Disruption of Traditional Banking: Potentially leading to bank runs and other systemic challenges. Interest loss : In Retail CBDC’s there will be no earning of interest as there in savings bank account.
How transactions will be done by E – Rupee Select the SIM linked to your Bank Account. Set the app login “PIN, Pattern or Biometric”. Set the 6-digit wallet PIN. From the list, select Bank Account linked to your mobile number. Enter the “last 6 digits” and “Expiry Date” of the respective account's Debit Card. Authentication is successful Now for transactions there are four options available: Send, Receive, load from Bank A/c, Redeem from Bank A/c Now select one mode which you want to Enter PIN and your transaction will be successful.
E – Rupee Circulation As of March 2023, E – rupee worth Rs. 16.39 Cr. were circulated as per the data of RBI’s handbook of Statistics on the Indian economy for FY 22-23. Out of this Rs. 10.69 Cr. were wholesale whereas Rs. 5.70 Cr. was of Retail CBDC. And out of Rs. 5.70 Cr, tokens circulated: 500 E - Rs. – 2.71 Cr 200 E - Rs. – 1.16 Cr 100 E - Rs. – 0.83 Cr 50 E - Rs. – 0.39 Cr 20 E - Rs. – 0.23 Cr 10 E - Rs. – 0.15 Cr
Impact of E – Rupee on economy In upcoming period Government may ask the citizens to transact with government for making payment of Taxes, Electricity bills , water bills with the help of digital rupee. With the introduction of Digital Rupee ATM may also become redundant . Impact of E – Rupee on accounting and taxation E – Rupee will increase taxation of government because it will bring more transparency into the economy.
List of countries that have launched Digital Currency PILOT Project Bahamas Nigeria China Jamaica UAE India USA Ghana Malaysia Singapore Thailand But only Nigeria, Jamaica, Bahamas and Eastern Carribean countries have launched this fully.
ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES PHOTOS: Low angle man with virtual reality simulator Young man working on an ethernet switch medium shot Motherboard with optical fiber cables High speed optical fiber with blue light
Tracing of transactions will still be done easily as these transactions will be done digitally through blockchain For retail users it still works same as UPI, there seems no difference in it, and they’ll be depositing money in Bank only because of the interest gain available to them in savings account (even of less rate) which is not available in E – Rupee. E – Rupee will not be able to replace cash fully as in recent upcoming years atleast , cash in circulation is increasing despite of digitalizing to some extent. My PoV