earth-processes-and-its-engineering-importance-3.pptx

earth process and its engineering imporatnce

1. EARTH PROCESSES AND IT’S ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE CE-2A CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

2. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT INTRODUCTION UWUUUU Earth processes - Earth’s processes are the natural actions and changes that happen on Earth, both inside and on the surface, that shape the land, water, and atmosphere.

3. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT WHY UNDERSTANDING THEM MATTERS IN ENGINEERING UWUUUU Because it allows engineers to make structures that are safe, strong, and long-lasting. By knowing how natural forces like earthquakes, landslides, erosion, and volcanoes work, engineers can choose the right place to build, design stable foundations, use resources wisely, and avoid damage from hazards. This knowledge helps protect people, property, and the environment (University of North Dakota, n.d.; Engineering Geology, 2023).

4. uwuuuuuuuu CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT TYPES OF EARTH PROCESSES GEOLOGICAL PROCESSES HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES

5. Natural processes that shape and change Earth’s landforms through movements of rocks, soil, and tectonic plates. uwuuuuu GEOLOGIC PROCESS CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

6. TWO TYPES OF GEOLOGIC PROCESS CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT Endogenic processes → Internal forces originating inside the Earth, such as plate tectonics, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Exogenic processes → External forces acting on Earth’s surface, such as weathering, erosion, deposition, and mass wasting (like landslides)

7. UWUUUUUU Weathering Mass wasting Erosion Deposition CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT GEOLOGIC PROCESS It affects every human on the Earth all of the time, but are most noticeable when they cause loss of life or property. Such life or property threatening processes are called natural disasters. Volcanic activity Earthquakes Mountain building (Orogeny) Folding and faulting Plate tectonics EXOGENIC (EXTERNAL) ENDOGENIC (INTERNAL) AMONG THEM ARE:

8. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT WEATHERING Weathering - It is the process of disintegration and decomposition of rocks.

9. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT WEATHERING 3 Types of Weathering 1.Physical Weathering 2.Chemical Weathering 3.Biological Weathering

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11. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT MASS WASTING Mass Wasting - This refers to the movement of large masses of materials down a slope due to the pull of gravity

12. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT MASS WASTING 4 Types of Mass Wasting 1.FALL 2.SLIDES 3.CREEP 4.FLOWS

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14. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT EROSION Erosion - It is the process by which earth's surface is worn away by wind, water, or ice.

15. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT EROSION EROSION BY WATER EROSION BY WIND EROSION BY ICE

16. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT DEPOSITION It is the accumulation of materials such as soil, rock fragments and soil particles settling on the ground.

17. EXOGENIC PROCESS CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT Mass Wasting Deposition Weathering Erosion

18. ENDOGENIC PROCESS CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT Folding and Faulting Mountain Building Earthquakes Volcanic activity Plate Tectonics

19. Help engineers understand soil and rock stability for safe construction of buildings, roads, and bridges. Guide site selection to avoid earthquake faults, landslide-prone slopes, or volcanic zones. Provide raw materials like metals, minerals, and aggregates for construction and manufacturing. uwuuuuu ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

20. uwuuuuu CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT GEOLOGIC PROCESS : VOLCANIC ACTIVITY(TAAL) Engineering Application : PHIVOLCS produced volcanic hazard maps (e.g., pyroclastic flow and lahar zones), including a 6 km Permanent Danger Zone. These maps guide site selection for evacuation shelters and infrastructure design

21. Hydrological processes refer to the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth. These processes include precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, runoff, and groundwater flow. uwuuuu HYDROLOGIC PROCESS CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

22. uwuuuu Evaporation Water changes from liquid to vapor due to heat from the Sun. Transpiration Release of water vapor from plants through small openings in leaves. Runoff is the flow of water over the land surface, eventually reaching rivers, lakes, and oceans. Condensation Water vapor cools and changes back into liquid droplets, forming clouds or fog. Precipitation Water falls from the atmosphere to Earth in solid or liquid form. EXAMPLES CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

23. Allow engineers to design dams, reservoirs, and irrigation systems by understanding water flow and storage. Help in flood control planning and drainage system design. Support water resource management for cities, industries, and agriculture. uwuuuuuu ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

24. Engineering Application : Metro Manila Flood Management Project (MMFMP) – upgrades 56 drainage areas via new/modernized pumping stations, better drainage, waste management, and resettlement to lessen flood impacts. Why initiated : Launched after severe flooding from Tropical Storm Ondoy (2009) as part of the 2012 Metro Manila Flood Management Master Plan. uwuuuuuu APPLICATION CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

25. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT uwuuuuuuuuu ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES Atmospheric processes are the natural actions and interactions in the Earth’s atmosphere that control weather, climate, and air movement, such as wind, clouds, rainfall, and storms.

26. uwuuuuuuuu CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT EXAMPLES The transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as heat from the Sun reaching Earth without direct contact. Radiation Conduction Latent Heat Convection The transfer of heat through direct contact between substances, like warm ground heating the air just above it. The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases), such as warm air rising and cooler air sinking in the atmosphere. Energy absorbed or released during a change of state (solid, liquid, gas) without changing temperature. N/A

27. uwuuuu Inform structural design to withstand wind loads, storms, and varying temperatures. Aid in airport, highway, and port design by predicting weather patterns. Support climate-resilient infrastructure planning to handle extreme weather events. ENGINEERING IMPORTANCE CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

28. Engineering Application: Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) Modernization Project – installs Doppler radars, automated weather stations, and satellite-based rainfall monitoring systems to improve forecasting of typhoons, monsoons, and severe weather events. uwuuuuuu ATMOSPHERIC PROCESSES CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT Why initiated: Strengthen disaster preparedness after the destructive impacts of Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) in 2013, which highlighted the need for more accurate and timely weather data for early warning and evacuation planning.

29. As future engineers, it’s important for all of us to understand Earth’s processes because they shape the environment we build on. The movement of land, flow of water, and changes in weather all affect the safety and sustainability of our projects. By knowing how these processes work, we can design structures that protect lives, use resources wisely, and stand strong against natural hazards. uwuuuuuu TO CONCLUDE: CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT

30. CONTENT OTHERS HOME ABOUT THANK YOU! uwuuuu kanya kanya na ‘to