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1. EASY-WAY EVERYDAY VOCABULARY AND CONVERSATIONS A COURSE THAT CAN CHANGE THE COURSE OF YOUR LIFE Author: Abasi Ssonko A Self Help Book

2. Dedication ©Abasi Ssonko Muko Jr. English King Spoken English Self Help Hand Book: A course that can change the course of Your life. All right reserved, no part of this Publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photographical, without the prior permission of the authors or publishers. First Published in 2019 Typesetting and Cover designing by Ali. Hassan Yusufu Mogadishu For Order Contact [phone]/+ 252612054444 [email protected] ISBN: 9781790615094 Imprinted Independently Published A course that can change the course of your life 3 I dedicate this book to all those individuals interested in improving their Spoken English Fluency. I am always indebted to ALLAH without His sole undisputable will, abundant grace and enormous mercy: I could not be who I am today. He has granted me health and blessed me with the wisdom to work on this great book. Special thanks to my dearest fiancée who encouraged me to readjust my potential, and focus my thoughts, energy and time on something that would be of a great value to those aspiring to improve their fluency in spoken English. Acknowledgement PREFACE ENGLISH KING: Spoken English self help book is a course that can change the course of your life designed for those individuals interested in improving their fluency in English language. It is packaged with a lot of vocabulary, conversations and a guide to practicing English Language in several situations. It is a simplified self help hand book for learners to make continuous practice even in the absence of the teacher: It is centered on the topics of day to day interactions. I wish you the best as you look forward to master the art of Spoken English a course that can change the course of your life. God bless you all. Copyright

3. TABLE OF CONTENT Introducing Yourself Greetings Indicating Home Food Leaving Talk Talking to when We Meet Talking about Family Work Describing People Daily Routine Time Starting and Finishing Time Speaking on Phone A course that can change the course of your life Gratitude Shopping Describing Likes and Dislikes Agreeing and Disagreeing Eating at the Restaurant Talking about the Weather Giving Direction Talking about Past Activities Talking about the Future Making comparison Getting Help from a Clinic Traveling and Vacation Opinion Invitation Making Suggestions Problems and Difficulties Words and Expressions for Cheering People When you’re Out of Money Secrets Complementing other People Confused When you’re in Trouble When Things Need Cool Thinking When Things Are Changing Making Inquiries When Someone Interferes in Your Life

4. 1. INTROCING MYSELF Key vocabulary Personal information Asking someone Responding Conversations Practice A course that can change the course of your life

5. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentence Personal information Every thing about you Give me your personal information. What is his personal information? Name How you’re known My name is Abasi. What’s your name? Nationality Belonging to a particular country What’s your nationality? My nationality is Somali. Gender Sex What’s your gender? My gender is female. Marital status Being married or unmarried. What’s your marital status? A course that can change the course of your life

6. Learn about Personal Information Name: Abasi Ragdo Suadi Nationality: Ugandan Chinese Somali Age: 2 years 35 years Gender: Female Male A course that can change the course of your life 6 Marital status: Single Married Divorced Widowed Place of Residence: (Address) Talex, Mogadishu, Somalia. Place of Birth: Madiina, Mogadishu, Somalia. Contacts Telephone number ([phone]) Email ([email protected])

7. Expressions Asking What’s your name? Where do you come from? What’s your nationality? What’s your gender? How old are you? What’s your marital status? Can you tell me your address? What’s your place of birth? What’s your phone number? What is your weight? What is height? Possible responses I’m _______. I come from_________. I’m a Somali. I’m a ____________. I’m 2o years old. I’m single/married or widowed. Talex, Hodon, Mogadishu Somalia. I was born in …….. My Phone Number is 612… I’m 68 kilograms. I’m 1.68 meters tall. A course that can change the course of your life 7

8. Talking about Yourself My name is ________. I’m _______ years old. I’m a ________ (gender). I’m __________ (marital status). I’m a ___________ by nationality. I come from ____________. I currently live in ________,_________,______, Somalia. I was born in _________. I have ____ Kilograms, and I’m ________ meters. Write about your self. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A course that can change the course of your life 8

9. 2. GREETINGS KEY VOCABULARY DAILY GREETINGS AFTER NOT SEEING SOMEONE FOR A LONG TIME ASKING ABOUT OTHER PEOPLE SENDING GOOD WISHES SPECIAL GREETINGS CONVERSATIONS DRILLS FOR PRACTICE A course that can change the course of your life 9

10. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Period / Session Time I have a class in the morning period. In which period is your class? I study in the morning session . When is your class session? Fine Okay I’m fine. Are you fine ? She ’s not fine. Marvelous Very good It is marvelous. Glad happy I’m glad to see you. Delighted happy I’m delighted to see you. Wonderful Very good It is wonderful to see you. Life is wonderful. A course that can change the course of your life 10

11. Daily greetings Periods of The Day. Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening. How are you? How are you doing? How have you been? How are you getting along? How are you doing with work? Response Good morning . Good afternoon. Good evening . Just fine, thank you. How about you? Pretty well. And you? Just great. And you? Fine thanks. How about you? I’m doing very well. I’m doing fine, thanks. A course that can change the course of your life 11

12. How is life? How is life treating you? How is the world treating you? How is everything? How are things? How is everything going? How is your healthy? Is everything alright? Are you alright? Life is so nice. It is so beautiful. So far so good. Pretty well. It is really boring. I am fine, thanks. Yes, everything is all right. Yes, I’m ok, thank you. A course that can change the course of your life 12

13. Asking about other people How is your family? How are your parents? How is your spouse? How are your friends? How is your sister? How is Ahmed? Sending good wishes to them. please give my warm greeting to them. Please extend my regards to them. Please say hello, to him/her. Oh. They are pretty well. She is very fine. He is very fine. They are all okay. Response Okay. I will do. Okay. Thanks. Ok. I sure will. Thank you. I certainly will. Thank you. I will certainly do. A course that can change the course of your life 13

14. Special greetings Greetings for special occasions: Happy birthday! Happy New Year to you! Happy Eid! Possible responses. Thank you. Same to you. Thank you. A course that can change the course of your life 14

15. Conversations: Conversation : A A: Good morning. How are you? B: Just fine and you? A: I’m pretty well. B: I haven’t seen you for such a long time. Where have you been? A: I’ve been in Kisimayo on a vacation? B: Oh. That’s marvelous. I’m glad to speak to you again. A: I’m very happy, too. B: How is your life? A: So far so good. B: Great! Please say hello to your father. A: Thank you. I sure will. Conversation : B A: Hi, Ahmed. How are you doing? B: I’m pretty well, thanks. And you? A: Thanks to God. I’m fine. B: You’re lost. Where have you been since last week ? A: Yes, I have been busy with the exams. B: And how is your sister, Zahra? A: Well, she is in the hospital! B: What happened to her? A: She had an accident. B: Oh, too bad. I hope she gets fine soon. A course that can change the course of your life 15

16. Conversation: C A: Hello, Naima. How are you? B: Just fine, thanks. And you? A: I’m fine. Long time no see. Have you been abroad? B: Yes, I have been in America on a holiday. A: Oh, that is great I’m happy you’re back. B: Thank you. A: How was the Holiday? B: It was good. I had a wonderful time. A: And how is your husband? B: He is fine. A: Please greet him for me. B: Okay sure! I will. Conversation: D A: Good afternoon, Amina. How is everything? B: Fine, thanks. How about you? A: Just fine. What is up? B: Nothing special. A course that can change the course of your life 16

17. Practice Follow the outline below and write a conversation. Greet the person. Ask about his/ her wife, husband friend or family. Send your best wishes. End the conversation. You haven’t seen one of your friends for a long a time. Greet him/ her. Ask about his/her relatives and send your best regards to his/her relatives. Try using A and B like in the previous conversations. A course that can change the course of your life 17

18. Indicators This That These Those A course that can change the course of your life 18

19. KEY VOCABULARY New word Meaning Vocabulary This Singular : Used to indicate near (thing, person etc)- with “is” {this is} This is our teacher. This is not a cup. Is this a cat? That Singular: Used to indicate far (thing, person, etc) – with “is” {this is} That is a TV. That is our teacher. Is that a cat? These Plural : Used to indicate near (things, people ect) – with ”are” {these are} These are chairs. Are these books? These are not students. Those Plural: Used to indicate far (things, people etc)- with “are” {those are} Those are my classmates. Are those your friends? A course that can change the course of your life 19

20. Practice Asking What is this? What is that ? Who is this? Is that a pen? Is this a chair? What are these? What are those? Are those students? Are these markers? Point to whiteboard Touch the chair. Possible responses it is a pen. It is a book. He is a teacher. Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. They are books. They are students. Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. That is a white board. This is a chair. A course that can change the course of your life 20

21. Conversations Conversation: A A: Hey, excuse me, please. What is that you’re holding? B: This one in my hand? A: Yes, please, in your right hand. B: This is a spoken English book. A: Can I have a look? B: Yeah, here it is? Conversation: B A: Hello. Where are you going? B: I’m going to class. A: What are those you’re carrying in your hands? B: These are book. Who are those people talking in the class? A: They are students. A course that can change the course of your life 21

22. Practice Show us your books. What is that next to you? What is that you’re holding in your hand? Who is that one standing in front of the students? What is that you are sitting on? What are those you’re holding in your hands. Can you please hold up your pen? What are these I’m holding in my hand? Try to use this, that, those, and these. A course that can change the course of your life 22

23. 4. Home Key vocabulary Introducing where you live Describing inside of your home Talking about your neighborhood Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 23

24. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences House A building where people stay. Our house is very beautiful. He has a large house. Apartment A set of rooms for living in We live in an apartment. Where is your apartment? Spacious Very large Our house is spacious. We need a spacious house. Cozy Comfortable My apartment is cozy. Self-contained Every thing is built inside My apartment is self-contained. Self contained houses are very expensive. Duplex An apartment that has rooms on two floors I don’t need a duplex. Balcony A place around the house for sitting on. Our house has a large balcony. A course that can change the course of your life 24

25. Home Types and Rooms Types of homes A house Flat Mansion An apartment / flat Temporary house (tent) A hut Rooms in the house. Kitchen Bedrooms Dinning room Sitting room Living room Toilets Bathroom Balcony Garage Neighborhood City Town Village Suburb Slum Style of the home Spacious Cozy Elegant Luxurious Duplex Single room Double room Self contained Things in the home Bedroom {mattress, bed, pillow, bed sheet, shelves, closet} S itting room {sofa sets, tables, TV, } Dinning room { dinning table, dinning chairs, cupboard} Kitchen {utensils, cooking stove, fridge} A course that can change the course of your life 25

26. Talking about Our Home? Where is your home? Where do you live ? Tell us about your home? How does your house look like? How many rooms are in your house /apartment? How does your apartment look like? Does your house have a balcony? My home is in Madiina. I live in a city .. I live in a house/apartment . It is spacious/cozy room . It has three bedrooms, a sitting room, a dining room, two bathrooms and a balcony. It is a self contained apartment. No, it doesn’t. A course that can change the course of your life 26

27. Conversations Conversation: A A: Where do you live? B: I live in Talex. A: What type of neighborhood is it? B: It is a suburb. A: Which type of home do you live in. A: I live in a house. B: How big is that house? A: It has four rooms, two bathrooms, a kitchen and a balcony. Conversation: B A: Do you live in an apartment or a house? B: I live in an apartment. A: Is it a single room. Self contained or a duplex? B: It is a duplex and self contained. A course that can change the course of your life 27

28. Drills for practice Which type of home do you live in? How does your neighborhood look like? How many rooms are in your house or apartment? Would you love to live in an apartment or a house? Where would you prefer to live in a village or city? Answer with complete sentences A course that can change the course of your life 28

29. 5. FOOD Types of food Meals in a day Asking about food Talking about food Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 29

30. Types of food Main Food Rice Wheat floor Spaghetti Mize floor Sweet potato Irish potato Cassava Meat { beef, pork} Chicken Fish Liver Spices Curry powder Onions Garlic Hot pepper Vegetables Tomatoes Cabbage Green pepper Carrots Cucumber French beans Okra A course that can change the course of your life 30

31. Continue.... Salad Fries Pie Sandwich Drinks Juice Beverages { Soda, energy drinks} Milk Water Alcohol Fruits Mangoes Banana Orange Apple Lemon Strawberry Coconut A course that can change the course of your life 31 Meals in a day Breakfast Lunch Dinner supper INGREDIENTS The food you use when preparing the meal.

32. ASKING ABOUT FOOD What is your favorite food? What do you usually have on breakfast? What do you usually eat on lunch? Do you eat supper? What is the common food in your country. What would you like to drink? When do you eat your dinner? Do you eat meat? Do you know how to cook? What type of food can you cook ? What are the ingredients used for making a cake? My favorite food is rice/ spaghetti / chicken / fish. I usually have bread and milk for breakfast. I usually eat rice and beef for lunch. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. The most common food is rice. I would like to drink mango juice. I eat dinner at nine o’clock. Yes, of course. Yes, I know, but not perfectly. I can cook rice. First, rice, water, oil, onions, salt, and others. A course that can change the course of your life 32

33. Conversation: A A: Have you eaten breakfast? B: Not yet. What can we have? A: Let’s have a sandwich. B: What about the drinks? A: I need coffee. How about you? B: I need a soda. Conversation: B A: Do you have something to eat at home? B: Yeah, I have some fish and chicken? A: What would you like to eat? B: I need chicken and some milk. A: What else do you need to eat? B: Nothing. Thank you. A course that can change the course of your life 33

34. Drills for practice What’s your favorite food? What’s your favorite drink? What are the ingredients for making mango juice? Do you like a pizza or chapatti? What food is in your country but not in other countries? At what time do you have your dinner? Do you eat supper? What do you usually have for supper? Answer question with complete sentences. Tips My favorite food is ____. My favorite drink is ____. The ingredients for making mango juice is _____ I prefer____. The food that is in my country but not in other countries is ____ I usually have dinner at _____. No, I don’t / Yes, I do. I usually have ____/ nothing. A course that can change the course of your life 34

35. 6. Leaving talk Key vocabulary Saying goodbye Keeping in touch Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 35

36. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences again more See you again. pleasure happy It’s a pleasure to see you again. hope Expect and wish I hope to see you again. Journey Moving from one place to another. Safe journey. I hope you have a safe journey. Good luck Happy chance Good luck on your journey. A course that can change the course of your life 36

37. Useful expressions and responses for saying goodbye and keeping in touch. Saying goodbye- Formally. I hope to see you again. I hope we meet you soon. I will see you later. It has been a pleasure meeting you. It was nice meeting you. It was fun to get together again. It was exciting to meet each other. I would like to talk more with you next time. Responses Goodbye and get in touch. I hope to see you, too. It has been a pleasure for me, too. It was a pleasure to meet you, too. It was fun indeed. It was exciting indeed. If God wishes. A course that can change the course of your life 37

38. Continue….. If someone is living for a short time- use one of the following. Have a nice day. I’ll call you tomorrow. Have a good vacation. Don’t forget to keep in touch. Have a nice holiday. Don’t forget to keep in touch with me. Have a nice time. I will dial you tonight. Have a nice weekend. I’ll phone you tomorrow. Wishing people a good journey Safe journey home. Have a comfortable journey/trip/ flight Have a successful flight/journey/trip. Please call me when you get there. I’m really going to miss you. Possible responses. Same to you, all right I will be waiting. All right. Thanks. Thank you. A course that can change the course of your life 38

39. Continue… After a journey When we meet people at the bus-station, at the airport we may say How was the journey? How was the trip? How was the flight? Well be back. Its great to see you back/again. Possible responses. Very nice and smooth! It was wonderful? Thank you. Thanks to God. A course that can change the course of your life 39

40. Continue….. If someone is living for a long time Goodbye and I wish you all the best. Goodbye and may God bless you. Goodbye and good luck. Goodbye and all the best. I have to say good bye. Thank you for everything. Goodbye. I hope to see you again some time. If someone is living for a short time. Have a nice time. Have a good time. Enjoy yourself. Enjoy. For exams, or other difficult or dangerous event . Good luck. I wish you all the best. God be with you. Good luck. Responses. Thank you so much. The same to you. I’m really going to miss you. A course that can change the course of your life 40

41. Informal and formal ways of saying goodbye Bye. Take care. So long now. I’ll call you tomorrow. See you soon. See you later. See you again. See you then. I don’t want to waste your time. See you again. Bye. All right. So long. See you. Okay. A course that can change the course of your life 41 Reasons for some one leaving . I’ve got to go. I haven’t done my home work. I’ve to go now. I have got an appointment now. I really must be going. I’ve got a meeting. I must push off. I’ve got a class. If you will excuse me. I have got another program. I’m really sorry, but I must be going. Somebody is waiting for me. I guess I better go now. I think I have to go. I think its getting darker. I must go. I must be going. I’ve a class. Its time for me to go. I suppose, I should be on my way. It was nice to talk to each other. It was nice meeting you.

42. Conversations Conversation: A A: If you’ll excuse me. I’ve to go. I’ve got a class now. B: I’m in a hurry, too. A: Have a nice a day. So long. B: The same to you. So long. Conversation : B A: I think, I must go now. B: Must you go so soon? A: Yeah I must leave now. I have an appointment. B: Ok. It was exciting to meet you again. A course that can change the course of your life 42

43. Continue…. Conversation: C A: Its getting late. I must leave right away. B: sorry, you must leave. A: Please excuse me, won’t you? B:Certainly. Don’t forget to keep in touch. A: Ok. Goodbye. B: Goodbye. Conversation D A: I guess, I better go now. I haven’t done my homework. B: I must be going now, too. A: So long for now. B: So long. Don’t forget to text me on. A course that can change the course of your life 43

44. 7.Talking to people when we meet Introducing someone Meeting someone for the first time Somebody recognizing somebody else Meeting a friend after a long time Commenting on appearance Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 44

45. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Introduce Tell someone about a new person. Please, introduce me to him. Let me introduce you to my teacher. Pleased Feel happy I’m pleased to meet you. Familiar Well known. He is familiar to us. Surprise Something you don’t think it would happen. I’m surprised to see you. Exciting Bringing happiness. It is a very exciting moment. A course that can change the course of your life 45

46. Introducing some one Useful Phrases And Expressions Formally I ’d like to introduce you to Dr. Abey. I’d like you to meet Janat. Let me introduce you to Sadiat. Sarah, may I introduce you to Amina? a good friend of mine. He / She is my best friend. a teacher. our English teacher. Informally Hassan, this is Qadra. Hassan, this is my best friend, Qadra. Hassan, have you met Qadra. Hassan, do you know my friend Qadra? Hassan, I don’t think you two know each other? A course that can change the course of your life 46

47. Meeting Someone For The First Time . How do you do, Muna? It’s nice to meet you. It’s a pleasure to meet you. I’m very happy to see you. I’m very glad to meet you. I’m pleased to meet you. Somebody recognizing somebody else. Your face seems familiar to me, but I’m sorry I can’t place you. I think I have seen you before, but I couldn’t place you. I know her face, but I can’t place her. I’m fine thank you and you. It’s nice to meet you, too. It’s a pleasure to meet you, too. I’m very happy to meet you, too. I’m very glad to meet you, too. Me, too, I’m pleased to meet you. Responses I also think, I’ve met you before. Hmm, I’m not so sure. A course that can change the course of your life 47

48. Meeting a friend after a long time . Express surprise. Oh, Ali. I don’t believe my eyes! What are you doing here? I don’t believe my eyes! What brings you here? What a surprise! What a surprise to meet you here! I’m really surprised to meet you here! This is unbelievable to meet you here! Possible Responses It’s nice to see you again. It’s exciting to see you again! It’s wonderful to see you again! It’s good to see you again. I’m glad to meet you again. I’m pleased to meet you again. A course that can change the course of your life 48

49. Conversations Conversation: A A: Ahmed! I don’t believe my eyes. B: Muna! What a surprise! What are you doing here? A: I’m visiting my brother for a few days. And how have you been? B: I’m pretty well. How is Faiza? A: She is fine. She is working at Horumud. B: Oh, that’s great. Please remember me to her. A: Thank you. I sure will. It was great seeing you. B: It was great seeing you, too. Conversation: B Ali: Gadafi, let me introduce you to Amina. She is a good friend of mine. Gadafi: How do you do Amina? Amina: Fine thanks. And you? Gadafi: I’m also fine. I’m glad to meet you. Are you from Somalia? Amina: Yeah. Gadafi: How interesting! Are you a reporter? Amina: Oh. I’m a reporter. And you? Gadafi: I’m a reporter, too. A course that can change the course of your life 49

50. Talking about family Key vocabulary Types of family Asking about family Work Age Marital status Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 50

51. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Family A group of related by blood I love my family. Where is your family? Tell us about family. Nuclear /extended Nuclear= small family Extended = big family (relatives) I live in a nuclear family. I come from an extended family. Do you come from extended or nuclear family? Relatives People related by blood He is my relative. She is not my relative. Is she your relative? In-laws People related by marriage. (brother-in-law, father-in-law) They are my in laws. She is not my sister in law. Are they you brothers-in-law? Cousin Your paternal uncle’s son or daughter She is my cousin. Is he your cousin? Nephew Your brother’s or sister’s son He is our nephew. Is that your nephew? Niece Your brother’s or sister’s daughter she is your niece. Are you my niece? Paternal uncle or aunt. The brother of you father and the sister of your mother That’s my paternal uncle. She is my paternal aunt? Maternal uncle or aunt. The brother of your mother or the sister of your mother They are my maternal uncles. Is that your maternal aunt? Siblings Brothers and sisters Is that your sibling? She is my sibling. A course that can change the course of your life 51

52. Asking about family Could you tell me about your family? Tell me a bit about your family . Are you from a large family or a small family? Do you have any brothers and sisters? Have you got any children? May I ask how old are they? Are they younger or older? Are your parents alive? Where do they live? Where does your sisters and brothers live? Do you live with your parents? Are you married or single? Are your brother/sister married? Do you look like someone in your family? Who do you resemble in your family? Yes, well, I come from a large family. My family is a small family. I live with both my parents and two siblings. I’m from a large family. I have got many brothers and sisters. Yes I have got three brothers and three sisters. No, I don’t have any children. The oldest is 5 and the youngest is 3. Yes they are. They all live in Mogadishu. They all live in Gubta. Yes, I live with my mother. I’m married. No, they are not. They are still studying. Yes, I look like my mother. I resemble my mother. A course that can change the course of your life 52

53. Asking about work. What do you do? What is your job? What does your father do? Where does he work? What does your wife do? Where does she work? What does your brother do? Is he a teacher? I’m a teacher. Teaching is my job. He is an engineer. He work for Kafi constructions. She is a secretary. She works with Premier Bank. Yes, he is. A course that can change the course of your life 53

54. Conversation: A A: Do you have any brothers and sister? B: Yes, I’ve got 3 sisters and 1 brother. A: How old are they? B: Well, the sisters: the oldest is 28. the second oldest is 26, and the youngest is 20. And the brother is 18. A: And what do they do? B: The oldest one is a Halima, she is a teacher. Hadija, the second oldest is a nurse, and other sister; the youngest is still a student. The brother is also still a student. A: What about your father? What does he do? B: My father? He is an accountant at Amal Bank. A: Oh, really? And your mother? Does she work, too? B: No, she is a housewife. Conversation: B A: Good morning Mr. Zakaliya? B: Good morning. A: Please sit down. B: Thank you. A: Now let me ask you one or two questions. B: Yes, of course. A: How old are you Mr. Zakaliya? B: Thirty six. A: Are you married? B: Yes, I’m. A course that can change the course of your life 54

55. DISCUSSION QUESSIONS Tell us about your family. Are you from a nuclear family or extended family? How many brothers and sisters do you have? Are you married? Do you have any children? Answer with complete sentences. A course that can change the course of your life 55

56. 9. Work Key vocabulary Asking about work. Talking about work. Conversations Drills For Practice A course that can change the course of your life 56

57. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Occupation Job/ work What is your occupation? My occupation is a doctor. Profession A studied job. What is your father’s occupation? She is a profession teacher. Employed with a job Are employed? She is employed. unemployed With out a job Are you unemployed? He is unemployed. Employee. Someone employed I’m not the boss. I’m just an employee. Employer Someone who give jobs My employer wants me to study computer. I always wanted to be an employer not an employee. Job seeker Someone searching for a job I’m a job seeker. Are they job seekers? Jobless Without a job I’m not jobless. You’re jobless. A course that can change the course of your life 57

58. Ways to ask about work: Asking 1. What’s your job? 2. What do you do? 3. Where do you work? Possible responses teacher/doctor. I’m a unemployed. jobless. I’m a doctor. I’m an accountant. I work at Premier Bank as a MANAGER. I’m self employed. Note: A course that can change the course of your life 58 Use indefinite articles ‘a’ or ‘an’ before jobs .

59. Practice Asking about work. What do you do? What is your job? What is your occupation? What is your profession? Could you tell me your occupation? Have you got any job? Do you have a job? Where do you work? What does your father do? Giving information about work. I’m a teacher. I’m a medical doctor by profession. Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. I work at Horumud telecom as a marketer. He is an accountant at Amal Bank. A course that can change the course of your life 59

60. Discussion questions about work What’s your occupation? What’s your dream occupation? Does your friend have a job or he is unemployed? What do you think is the best job in the world? When you were young, what was your dream occupation? What do you think is the worst occupation in the world? Which jobs do women do in your country that men can’t do? Which jobs are not allowed to be done by young children in your country? Answer with complete sentences. A course that can change the course of your life 60

61. 10. Describing people Key words Appearance Characters Dressing Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 61

62. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Describe To talk about How could you describe him ? Let me describe her. Slim small She is too slim. He is fairly slim. Fairly Medium/moderately He is fairly tall. blond Light colored skin and hair. She is a blond. brunet Light skin with dark hair She is a brunet. Characters Personal presentation to others. He has good characters. Her characters are not good. Polite Good behavior. Please, be polite. She is polite. Impolite Not polite You’re impolite. A course that can change the course of your life 62

63. Talking about other people’s description What does the person look like? What does your sister look like? How could you describe her? How tall is he/she? How much does he/she weigh? About Age How old is he? Describing clothes What is he wearing? Describing things? What does his car look like? What does her bag look like? Describing Hair and eyes What color is his/her hair? What kind of hair does she have? What kind of eyes does she have? He is fairly slim and tall. She is pretty short and fat. She’ tall and slim with fair hair. I think he is around 1.75 meters tall. She is around 45kg. He is fairly young. I think, he is 19 to 22. He is very old. She is kind of old. He/ She is wearing jeans and a T-shirt. She is wearing a red dress. It is white. It is black leather. She has brown hair. She is brunet. Red haired. They are blue/brown/ hazel. black. A course that can change the course of your life 63

64. Describing characteristics A course that can change the course of your life 64 Ability - gifted - talented - brainy - clever - hard working - broad-minded - shrewd - brilliant - diligent - confident - intelligent - industrious - energetic - genius - active Lacking ability - stupid - silly - brainless foolish - half – witted - dull ( slow coach) - moron - dumb - lazy - absent-minded - lousy - imbecile Altitude towards other people Not polite to others Tell the truth to others -impolite - discourteous - rude - aggressive Ill-mannered - bossy quarrelsome unsociable trouble maker argumentative honest - trust worthy -reliable - frank sincere - candid - open - direct outspoken

65. Conversation: A A: Excuse me, please. B: Yes, please. A: Can you help me? I can’t find my daughter. I have looked everywhere. B: How old is she? A: She is 12 years old. B: What does she look like? A: She is fairly tall and slim. B: What color is her hair? A: Blond. it is short and wavy. B: What kind of eyes does she have? A: She has got brown eyes. B: What is she wearing? A: She is wearing a red dress with blue sleepers. B: All right now am sending some people to look around for her. Conversation B A: Excuse me, sir. B: Yes, Please, Madam. How can I help? A: Somebody has just taken my purse, my money, my ID. Everything has gone. B: How did the person look like? A: He was fairly tall and thin. B: How old was he? A: He was fairly young in his mid teens. I think 15 or 17. B: And what was he wearing? A: Jeans with a sweater and white sneakers. B: Eyes. A: I don’t know it all happened so fast. B: Yes, of course. Now tell me about your purse. What did it look like? A: Well, it was dark brown, and it had a strip. B: What was it made of? A: Made of leather. B: Tell me your name and address. A course that can change the course of your life 65

66. Discussion questions How do you look like? How does your best friend look like. What kind of a partner would you like to marry? (size, color, characters) What do you think are the ideal characters that everyone should have? Which characters do you think that are worse? Answer with complete sentences. A course that can change the course of your life 66

67. 11. Daily routines . A course that can change the course of your life 67 Key vocabulary asking about daily and weekend activities. Asking about frequency of regular activities Conversations Drills for practice

68. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Daily Every day, without missing a day He comes to school daily. I pray my daily prayers in time. Routine Schedule Method or way of doing things. What is your daily routine? This is my daily routine . My schedule is tight today. Regular Happening repeatedly. What are your regular activities? I don’t do it regularly. Usually Commonly/ normally I usually come early. I usually communicate to her. Often More than one time, but not usually. I often go to a concert. She often comes here. A course that can change the course of your life 68

69. Asking about regular activities Asking Do you get up early everyday? Does your wife wake early everyday? What time do you get up everyday? When do you brush your teeth? What time do you pray Fajr? When do you have breakfast? What time do you go to work/school? What time do you return home? What do you usually do on weekends? What do you usually do on Sundays? How do you usually go to school? What do you usually do at night? When do you sleep? Asking About frequency of regular activities How often do you go for a walk? How often do you wash your hair? How often do you watch TV? How often do you play football? How often do you go to the Mosque? How many times in a week do you go school? How often does your sister cook? A course that can change the course of your life 69

70. continue.... Possible responses Yes, I do. Yes, she does. I get up at four thirty AM every morning? I usually brush my teeth in the morning. I always pray Fajr prayers at five o’clock. I always go to school at eight o’clock. I usually go to the park on the weekends. On Sundays, I always have an English Language class. I usually go to school by bus. I sometimes watch films at night. I always sleep at midnight. Possible Responses Never, everyday, once, twice, thrice, five times. I go for a walk every evening. I was my hair everyday. I watch TV every night. I play football twice in a week. I go to the mosques every Friday. I go to school four times in a week. She cook every weekend. A course that can change the course of your life 70

71. Conversations Conversation: A A: At what time do you get up everyday? B: I usually get up at a half past four. A: And does your sister get up early everyday? B: Yes, she does. She gets up at the same time as I do. Conversation: B A: What time do you get up? B: I get up about seven thirty. A: What time is breakfast at your house? B: Breakfast is always at a quarter to eight. A: What do you usually do in the afternoon? B: I usually study my lessons. A: And what do you generally do on the weekends? B: I usually enjoy sports and visiting friends. A course that can change the course of your life 71

72. Discussion questions What time do you have breakfast? What time do you live for work? What time do you get up? What time do you return home? When do you usually go to bed? When do you usually go for work? When do you usually brush your teeth? When do you usually have dinner? Do you get up early everyday? What do you usually do when you wake up? What do you usually do on the weekend? Do you go to the beach on the weekend? Answer the questions with complete sentences A course that can change the course of your life 72

73. 12. TIME Key Vocabulary Asking for time Telling time Ways of telling time Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 73

74. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentence Time Reading of a point in a period. What’s the time now? The time is ten o’clock. I don’t know the exact time. Watch A small time count piece. Do you have a watch? She has a watch. Abdalla doesn’t have a watch. Clock A time piece that shows time. (usually on a wall) I’m standing on the clock tower. Our clock isn’t working. Please reset the clock. Sharp Exactly. It is ten sharp. The meeting starts at two sharp. Past Past = thirty minutes below It is twenty five minutes past four. To To = above thirty minutes to the next hour. It is a quarter to eight. A course that can change the course of your life 74

75. Asking for time Asking Could you tell me the time, please? Can you tell me the time, please? Pardon me, would you tell me the time, please? Excuse me, do you know what time it is, please? Do you know the correct time? What is the time now? Do you know the correct time? Do you know the right time now? What time is it by your watch? Possible Responses Yes, it’s three o’clock (3:00) It’s five past three. (3:05) It’s ten past three. (3:10) It’s a quarter past three. (3:15) It’s a half past three. (3:30) It’s quarter to four. (3:45) It’s ten to four. (3:50) It’s five to four. (3:55) It’s almost three o’clock. It’s nearly half past three. It around three, o’clock. It’s three o’clock sharp. A course that can change the course of your life 75

76. Focus on: Fifteen minutes past the hour – quarter past the hour. E.G. 3:15 (quarter past three) Thirty minutes past the hour – half past the hour. E.g. 3:30 (half past three) The commonest way to tell the time is to give the minutes first, followed by the preposition ‘past’ or ‘to’ and then hour. The other way of telling time is by starting with the hour with no preposition. E.g. 3:15 three fifteen. 3: 20 three twenty. A course that can change the course of your life 76

77. conversations Responding – positively. A: Excuse me, B: Yes, please. How can I help you? A: Could you please tell me the time? B: Yes, of course. It is half past eight. A: Thank you so much. B: You are welcome. Responding Negatively. A: Pardon me, can you tell me the time now? B: Oh. I’m sorry, my watch is not accurate. A: Thank you any way. A course that can change the course of your life 77

78. conversations Responding - positively A: Excuse me, what time is it right now? B: It is three o’clock sharp. A: Are you sure your watch is right? B: It may be two or three minutes fast. Responding – negatively A: Excuse me, can you tell me the exact time, please? B: I’m sorry, I don’t have my wrist watch on right now. A: Thank you, anyway. B: Don’t mention it. A course that can change the course of your life 78

79. Discussion Questions At what time do you wake up? At what time do you sleep? What time does the lesson start? What time do we usually pray Juma Prayers on Friday? What time is now on your watch? What time do you usually have dinner? At what time do you do physical exercises? At what time do you bathe? Answer questions with complete sentences A course that can change the course of your life 79

80. 13. Starting and Finishing Time Key Vocabulary Ways of asking about starting and finishing time Conversations Drills for practice A course that can change the course of your life 80

81. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences When At what time? When did you wake up? When is the class starting? Start Begin Lets start the lesson. When do we start the lesson? Begin Start/ the first part of the action. Let’s begin the lesson. Can you begin talking? Finish To end/ complete something Please finish writing. Did you finish the film? End A final part of something. We have come to an end. When will the program end? A course that can change the course of your life 81

82. Some ways to ask about starting and finishing time: Asking Excuse me, when does the lesson begin? Excuse me, at what time does the program end? Pardon me, what time does the film begin? Can you please tell me when the lesson finishes? Can you please tell me what time this meeting ends? Do you know when the meeting starts/ends/finishes ? Excuse me, what time do you start the program? At what time is the film? At what time is the lesson? Possible responses I think, it starts at eight o’clock. I think, it ends at half past three. I think, it begins at ten o’clock. I think, it finishes around four o’clock. Yes, of course. It ends at ten fifteen. Sure. It begins at six thirty. I’m sorry. I don’t know the exact time It is seven thirty. It usually starts at two sharp. A course that can change the course of your life 82

83. conversations Conversation : A A: Hello. Ali. May I help you? B: Is there a seminar today? A: Yes, ofcourse . B: And how much is the entrance fees? A: The entrance is ten dollars. B: When does the seminar begin? A: It begins at three sharp. B: Thank you so much. B: You are always welcome. Conversation: B A: Good morning, how can I help you? B: Would you please tell me when the lesson starts? A: It starts at eight thirty. A course that can change the course of your life 83

84. Discussion questions When does the lesson always start? When does the lesson usually end? At what time does Friday prayers usually begin? At what time do you usually leave home to school? At what time do you normally reach school? Answer with complete sentences. A course that can change the course of your life 84

85. 14. Speaking on Phone Key vocabulary Answering phone Asking for someone Asking the caller to leave a message. Asking for a number If you want the person you are calling to pay for the call some useful expressions used by the operator. Conservation A course that can change the course of your life 85

86. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Caller A person or thing that calls. Who is the caller? Your sister is the caller. Receiver A person or thing that receives Who is the receiver? The secretary was the receiver. Dial To call Can you dial this number for me? Pick up To answer the phone. Why are you not picking up my phone? Please, pick up the phone. On h old Wait Don’t put me on-hold. Why do you always put me on hold? Declined Not answered Your call has been declined. You declined my call. Engaged When the phone is busy. The number is engaged. Sorry, I saw your call, but I was engaged in another call. A course that can change the course of your life 86

87. Useful Phrases and Expressions Answering the phone – expressions = Receiver. Hello, Global. May I help you? Good morning. This is Janat’s office. How can I help you? Asking who somebody is = Receiver Speaking Who is calling/ speaking? Who is this, please? May I know who is calling? Asking for someone= Caller Can I speak to the director please? I want to speak with Janat. May I speak to her please? I want to have a word with her. Expressing who you are: This is Sadiya. Hello. This is Sadiya from Boston. Speaking. It’s me. To whom am I speaking? A course that can change the course of your life 87

88. Continue…… If the need is not there: I’m sorry, she is in a meeting. I’m sorry, she is out of the office now. I’m afraid, she is not here. She is in Baidoa. When the wanted person is around: Hold on for a moment, please. Just a second, please. I’ll put you through her/him. One moment please. Hold on the line while I see if he is in. A course that can change the course of your life 88 Janat, some body wants you on phone. Janat, you’re wanted on the phone. Janat, somebody wants to talk to you on phone. Janat, there is a telephone call for you. Janat, it’s your phone. Answering for wrong number: I’m sorry, I must have the wrong number. I’m afraid, I dialed the wrong number. I’m sorry, I have got a wrong number.

89. Continues.. Asking the caller to receive a message = Receive Would you like to put a message? Would you care to leave a message? Can I take a message? Caller = Possible responses. Yes, please. Tell him I’m Ahmed and I call back. Could you ask him to ring me back. No, thanks I will call you back later. Do you have any number at which I can reach him/her? A course that can change the course of your life 89

90. Continue….. Asking for number Could I have extension to another number? What is the area code of Somalia? If you want the person you’re calling to pay for the for the call I’d like to make a reversed charge call. Some useful expression used by the operator. Just a second. I’m trying to connect you. The number is ringing for you. I’m sorry the number is engaged. I’m sorry the number is busy. I’m sorry there is no reply from this number. I’m putting you through her. A course that can change the course of your life 90 Problems Could you speak louder? It is a poor network. It is a poor connection. Could you speak up. It is a very bad line I will hang up and call again. Please speak loudly and clearly.

91. Conversations Conversation: A A: Hello, B: Hello. This is Hafsa calling from Madiina. Could I speak to Joweria, please? A: Speaking. B: Hi, Joweria. How are you? A: Just fine and you? B: Pretty well. Conversation: B A: Hello. Mr. Hassan’s office. B: Can I speak to Hassan, please? A: Oh, I’m sorry. He is out of the office now. Would you like to leave a message. B: Do you know when he will be back? A: I think, after lunch at two o’clock. B: All right. I’ll call back later . Thank you. A course that can change the course of your life 91

92. Continue….. Conversation: C A: Hello. B: May I speak to Anisa, please? A: What number are you calling? B: One – One – Six – Four – Three- Nine. A: Oh, I’m sorry, you dialed the wrong number. B: I do apologize for bothering you. A: It doesn’t matter. Conversation: D A: Hello. B: Hello. Is this Dahir? This is Daud. A: Hi Daud. How are you? B: Just great and you? A: I’m pretty well. B: Dahir, can I speak to Ayan? A: I’m sorry. She is not here. B: Oh Dahir. I want to speak to her now. It is very urgent. Do you know where she is? Is she at the office? A: No, she has gone to the bank. B: Can you tell me the tell phone number of the bank? I must speak to her. A: I think, its 867546. B: Thank you, Dahir. Goodbye. A course that can change the course of your life 92

93. Basic II A course that can change the course of your life 93

94. 1. Gratitude Key Vocabulary Gratitude for invitation Gratitude for gifts Gratitude for favor and help Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 94

95. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Grateful A feeling of thankfulness I’m very grateful for your help. Glad Happiness. We’re glad for the gifts. He was very glad to receive your gifts. Pleasure Giving happiness. It’s a pleasure to be here with you. Gift Some thing given without payment. This is your gift. She gave me this gifts. present Something presented as a gift. I have given him your presents. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 95

96. Expressions for thanking people . Gratitude for invitation: Thank you so much for your kind invitation. Thank you very much for inviting me for your birthday. Thanks a lot for the lovely dinner. It was really delicious. Gratitude for gifts: a) When you just received: Thank you so much for your gifts. Thanks a million. It is quite smart. Thanks a lot. It is so nice /beautiful. Many thanks. It is what I wanted/needed. Thank you very much for your lovely presents/gifts. b) Previously received: Thank you so much for your gifts. It was really smart. Thanks a lot. It was just what I wanted. Thanks a million. It was so beautiful. It was very king of you. I really appreciate your …….. Gratitude for your favor and help: Thank you so much for your help . Thanks a lot. I do really appreciate your help. I’m very grateful to you for your help. Possible responses You are welcome. You are quite welcome. It doesn’t matter. Don’t mention it. That’s okay. That’s all right. Never mind. Not at all It’s a pleasure. It is nothing. It is no trouble. No problem. I’m grad you liked it. I’m glad that I could help. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 96

97. Drills for practice. Giving a gift. I have written for you the exercise. This is the gift for your birthday. I washed your clothes, and I cleaned your room. You can take that pen. I will pay for you your masters tuition. You look so nice. I took care of your kids when you were sick. I bought you a brand new car. Possible responses Thank you very much. I honestly don’t know how to thank you. Thanks you so much. I couldn’t find words to thank you for the deed you have done for me. Thanks a lot. I thank you from the bottom of my heart. Thanks. I would like to express my deepest gratitude for your help. Thanks a million. I really don’t know with which words must I thank you for your help. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 97

98. Conversations Conversation: A A: This is a little gift for you. B: Oh, it is just what I needed. Thanks a lot. A: It is nothing. Conversation: B A: Thanks a million for the beautiful present. B: I’m glad you like it. Conversation C A: Did you receive the gifts? B: Yes I received them. I thank you from the bottom of my heart. A: It’s a pleasure you liked it. B: I also invite you on my graduation ceremony next month. A: I’m really very grateful for your invitation. I will be there If Allah wishes. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 98

99. Discussion questions Have you ever received a gift? Who gave you that gift? What was it for? Have you ever received a gift you don’t like? What kind of a gift would like to get? Answer with complete sentence. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 99

100. 2. Shopping Key Vocabulary Asking for help Offering help to the customer Asking about price Telling price Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 100

101. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Shop assistant Someone who helps buyers in the shop. Where is the shop assistant? I’m the shop assistant. How can I help you? Customer Buyer You’re welcome our dear customer. She is my customer. Size How big something is What size do you wear? I want a medium size. Price The cost of something What is the price of this shirt? Tell me the price of your phone. Expensive High price This phone is very expensive. Cheap Low price You can buy the cheap one. Do you have a cheap phone? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 101

102. Expressions for Shopping Shop assistant Good morning, sir, may I help you? “ can I help you? “ what would you like? Shop assistant What kind of suit do you like? What type of shirt do you wish to buy? What style of shirt do you want? What color do you want? Yellow, red, or black? Buyer Yes, I’m looking for a suit. I’d like to buy a shirt. I’d like to see a sports jacket please. I’d like a dress, please. Buyer I like a blue suit, please. I will have the black one, please. I would like the long sleeves, please. Have you got a smaller size. I prefer a red one. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 102

103. Asking about price Buyer. How much is this? How much are these? Buyer Oh, 4 dollars. It is too expensive. What is the last price? Don’t you have a cheaper one? Shop assistant. It is 4 dollars . They are 35 dollars. You tell me how much you want to buy? you can tell me how much you have? Shop assistant This is not a bad price, but I will give you a discount. There is this one here for a cheaper price. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 103

104. Conversation: A A: Good morning, sir. May I help you? B: Yes, please. I’d like a jacket, please. A: What kind of a jacket do you like? B: I’d like a black sport jacket. A: Here is a nice black sport jacket. B: How much is it? A: Only 50 dollars. B: 50 dollars for this jacket! I don’t have that money. I have 25 dollars. A: That’s good money, but the last price is 35 dollars. Conversation: B A: Good evening, madam. What do you want? B: I need a dress. A: Yes, we have many different sizes, color and price. Just look a round and chose what you need. B: Can I have the black one over there? A: Yes, here it is. B: I would like to try it on if possible. A: please, enter here. B: Thank you. Have you got a larger size, A: Yes, of course, try on this one. B: This one is okay. A: Wow! That fits you well. B: How much is it? A: It is $ 35. B: what’s your last price? A: How much do you want to pay? B: I will pay $ 20. A: Add on five. $ 25 is the last price. B: Okay. I will pay. Pack it please. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 104

105. Discussion Activity Situations Practice the following situation with your friend. You are the shop assistant serve the customer and suggest what to say. Try to persuade the customer (buyer) to buy something and make sale. Answer with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 105

106. 3 . Describing likes and dislikes Key Vocabulary Expression for likes Expression for dislikes Opinion Interests Agreeing with someone’s likes Disagreeing with someone’s likes Conversations Drill For Practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 106

107. Iike and Dislike Expressions for likes I like Milk. I really like milk. I like it very much . I love you I prefer fish to chicken. I adore it . (adore- like) I’m crazy about fish. (crazy about – I really like) There is nothing I like more than fish. I enjoy music.. I’m interested in music. Expression for dislikes I don’t like milk. I don’t like it. I don’t like it at all. I hate milk. I detest it . It doesn’t appeal to me. I really dislike it . I can’t stand it . A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 107

108. What do you think about………? Interesting It is really interesting. It is exciting. It is amazing. It is enjoyable Are you interested in….(football ) When interested.. I’m interested in playing football. . Not interesting I find it boring. It is really revolting. It is really tiring. It is really unpleasant. It is terrible. Not interested in….. No, I’m not interest in.. No, I’m not keen on… No, I’m not fond of….. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 108

109. What kind/sort/type of/ movies do you like? Asking What kind of films do you like? What sort of music do you like? What type of food do you like? What type of movies do you like? Asking about someone’s likes and dislikes. Does she like music? What kind of music does she like? | ng about someone’s likes/ dislikes. Does she like music? What kind of music does like? Responses I like films, but especially Indian films. I like music, but especially Somali music. I like food, but especially the local dishes. I like all types of movies. All kinds, but I like classical music best. All sorts, but I especially like old. I don’t like films. I hate music, it’s even forbidden. I’m not keen on that. Responses Yes, she is crazy about music. She is interested in Somali music. No, she/he doesn’t. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 109

110. Conversation Conversation: A A: What is your favorite sport? B: I like football a lot but I like basketball better. A: Me, too. Conversation: B A: Do you want to hear my new music? B: Yeah. Who is it by? A: Chris brown. B: Chris brown oh, great! He is one of my favorite singers. A: Yeah, Mine, too. I’m really crazy about his music. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 110

111. Discussion questions Do you like music? Do you like speaking English? Do you like watching films? What kind of films do you like? What type of food do you like? Who is your favorite Qur’an reciter? Are you interested in singing? Answer questions with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 111

112. 4. Agreeing and disagreeing. Key Vocabulary Agreeing Disagreeing Tactful disagreement Formal disagreement Informal disagreement Strong disagreement Blunt (impolite) disagreement Reluctant agreement Enthusiastic agreement Drill for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 112

113. Key vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Agree To accept someone’s opinion I agree with you a hundred percent. Do you agree with me? Disagree Not to accept someone’s opinion I disagree with you. Who disagrees with me? Tactful Knowing what is right when doing something. She was tactful in agreeing with us. He is not tactful. Reluctant Not willing to do something You’re very reluctant. He reluctantly agreed with us. Blunt Straight or open spoken I gave them my blunt opinion. Definitely Without doubt / beyond question I definitely agree with you. Enthusiastic Showing great happiness We all enthusiastically agree with you. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 113

114. Useful ways of agreeing and disagreeing with someone Agreeing You are right. I agree with you You are absolutely right. You are perfect. That’s exactly what I think. That is what exactly I was thinking. That is exactly what I have in my mind. Of course, you’re right. Yes, certainly is. This is my opinion, too. Disagree I’m sorry, I can’t agree with you on that. I’m not sure I agree with you. I’m afraid I disagree with you. I don’t fully agree with you. I don’t fully agree with you. I’m sorry, I don’t agree. I wonder if that is true/right. Certainly not. Of course not. I don’t think that is true. Personally, I don’t see it that way. I don’t think you’re right. I’m sorry I have to jar with your opinion. to jar = disagree. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 114

115. Practice In my opinion playing football is more interesting than swimming. Personally I think smoking is not harmful to your healthy. In my opinion I think it better to be without politicians. In my opinion, I think girls are more smarter than boys In my opinion I think marrying more wives is good. America is the cause of violence in the Middle East. I think if we all talk to and respect each other: there would be no violence. Agree: formal I agree with you. I would go along with you on that. I share your idea. I take your point on that. Yes, I’m sure 100%. You’re absolutely right. I agree completely. Sure you’re perfect. I agree entirely. Informal Yeah , I’m with you on that. I second that. We re in the same boat. We sing the same song. I have to agree with you. If you say so. I must say. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 115

116. Disagreement In my opinion playing football is more interesting than swimming. Personally I think smoking is not harmful to your healthy. In my opinion I think it better to be without politicians. In my opinion, I think girls are more smarter than boys In my opinion I think marrying more wives is good. America is the cause of violence in the Middle East. I think if we all talk to and respect each other: there would be no violence. Tactical disagreement. I’m not sure I agree. I’m not so sure Personally, I don’t see it that way. As a matter of a fact I don’t think so. That’s not how I see it. Formal Disagreement I’m sorry, I disagree. I’m afraid I don’t agree on that. I don’t think you’re quite right. Informal disagreement . Don’t make me laugh. You must be joking. Don’t make jokes. You can’t be serious. We’re not in the same boat. Strongly disagree I don’t quite agree. I don’t agree with you. I think you are wrong. I can’t accept that. Blunt (impolite) disagreement No, you’re wrong. No, you’re mistaken. No, never. No, you’re completely wrong. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 116

117. Discussion questions Do you agree that smoking has no side effect? Is it true that too much use of internet can lead to mental disorder? Do you believe that men are stronger than women? Do you agree that money is the cause of all the problems facing the world today? Do you agree that living in the village is better than living in town? Answer questions with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 117

118. 5 . Eating at the Restaurant Key vocabulary Asking what someone wants to order Ordering food in a restaurant Expressing other people’s wants Asking about other wants Asking for offering service Asking for specifying wants. Conversations Drills for Practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 118

119. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Restaurant A place were people go to eat. I like Cadan restaurant. Waiter/ Waitress Someone who serves customers in a restaurant. I’m a waiter. She is a waitress. Busboy someone who helps waiters in the restaurant to set tables and clear dirty dishes. He is a busboy. Are you a waiter or a busboy? Janitor Cleaner My brother is a janitor at Istanbul restaurant. Chef A professional cook Jamila is a chef. Menu A list foods sold in the restaurant. Where is the menu? Here is the menu. Making an Order asking for food or a drink in a restaurant. Can you make your order, please. Bill Amount for the food What is our bill? Your bill is $ 3. Tip Extra m oney in form of a gift for services This is for the bill and the balance is your tip. Give her a tip. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 119

120. Asking what someone want to order. Waiter / ress May I take your order, sir? What would you like to eat/drink? What would you like to order? What would like for breakfast? What would like for desert? What will you have? Can I get you something to drink/eat? Asking about other wants. Would you like anything else? Do you want anything else? Is there anything else I can get you? Can I get you anything else? Asking for offering services Would you like to bring you coffee now? Shall I bring your hot milk now? What kind ice-cream would you like? Guest Can I have the menu, please? I would like to have a roasted beef. I would like to have spaghetti, please. Have you got roasted beef? Expressing other people’s wants. He would like a humbugger with French fries. She wants a sandwich. I’d like black coffee. I’ll have cappuccino, please. Can you bring me hot milk? Yes, please. I would love mango juice. No, thank you. Not right now. Thank you. Yes, please. I would like salad with French dressing. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 120

121. Conversation: A A: What would you like to have, sir? B: Could I have a menu, please? A: Here is the menu, sir. B: Ok. Thank you, I’ll need a minute to look over it. A: Are you ready to order, sir? B: Yeah, I’ll have roasted beef special listed here. A: What would you like for dessert? B: I’d like apple pie, please. A: Ok. I’ll bring it right a way. Conversation: B A: What would you like to order, please? B: I’d like to order breakfast, please. A: Alright. What can we get you? B: I want to have scrambled eggs and coffee. A: What about her? Can I bring her the same as your order. B: Yes, but bring us coffee first. A: Okay. I’ll bring the coffee first. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 121

122. Drills for practice What’s your favorite restaurant in the city? How do you always make an order in the restaurant? Do you prefer eating in the restaurant or eating at home? Who would you always like to go with in the restaurant? What kind of food would you like to eat from the restaurant? When was the last time you ate in a restaurant? Answer the questions with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 122

123. 6. Talking about the weather Key vocabulary Ways of asking about the weather Ways of asking about the climate Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 123

124. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning sentences Weather Is the daily condition of the day. The weather is good today. What is the weather today? Climate The condition of an area for a long period of time The climate here is very hot and dry. Somali has a good climate. Foggy Filled with mist The weather is foggy. Drizzling Falling lightly in very small drops It is still drizzling here. Raining cats and dogs Raining heavily It is raining cats and dogs here. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 124

125. Ways of Asking about the Weather and Climate Asking What is the weather like today? How is the weather today? Do you like hot, or cold weather? Is the weather hot in summer? Is the weather cold in the winter? What kind of weather do you like? What was the weather like yesterday? Was the weather cold last week? Has it rained anytime this week? Ways of asking about climate What is the climate of Somalia? What kind of climate does your country have? What is the climate like in Mogadishu? Which country is believed to have the best climate? Possible responses The weather is very delightful today. It is very hot/fine/nice/pleasant/ lovely. I prefer hot weather to cold weather. Yes, it is. Yes, it is. I like hot weather. The weather yesterday was cloudy. No, it wasn’t. it was hot. No, it hasn’t. Possible responses It is hot. It is cold. It is hot and dry. I think, Somalia has the best climate. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 125

126. Conversations Conversation: A A: Have you been to Galukayo? B: Yeah. I was there last summer. A: Oh, really? How interesting. Tell me a bit about it? B: It was fantastic. It is one of the most interesting places I’ve ever seen. A: What about the weather? B: It was delightful. The morning was bright, the afternoon was sunny and windy, and the evening was cool but comfortable. A: Did you enjoy it? B: Yeah. It was great. I really enjoyed it a lot. A: By the way, which country is believed to have the best climate in the world? B: I guess, Somalia has the best climate in the world. Conversation: B A: Do you like cold weather? B: Yeah. I like cold weather. A: What do you think of the climate in Mogadishu? B: The climate in Mogadishu is Hot, but comfortable. A: And what was the weather like yesterday? B: It was delightful. Conversation: C A: How is the condition over there? B: It is rainy now days. A: Is it too much? B: Yeah, It is raining cats and dogs. A: How about last yeah? B: Last year was too hot. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 126

127. Drills for practice What is the weather like outside? What was the weather like yesterday? When is the rainy season? What are the hottest months of the year in your country? What are the coldest months in your country? Answer with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 127

128. 7. Directions Key vocabulary Asking for Directions Giving Directions Giving simple directions Giving longer directions Useful words and expressions for giving directions Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 128

129. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Directions A line leading to a place. Can you tell me the direction to Premier Bank. That’s a wrong direction. Go straight Without turning Go straight until you the junction. Corner A place where to lines meet I am standing at the corner. Wait for me at the corner. Across To the opposite side Their office is across from Horumud building. Block A rectangular area in the city. Their house is on the second block. Move straight to the next block. Junction The place where two roads meet together. Can you meet me at Talex junction? I’m standing at the junction. Round about A circular area that connects roads. I’m at Zoobe round about. Where is the round about? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 129

130. Useful Words and Expressions for Giving Directions Turn right Turn left On your right/ left. Go a head until you come to…. Take the 1 st on the left. Take the 2 nd turning on the right. Between the …… and the ….. Keep going straight a ;long this road. Turn right at the next corner. Go straight a head. Next to….. Opposite of…. Behind …. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 130

131. Asking for and giving direction Asking direction more politely Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me how to get to Dahabshir, please? Would you tell me where Horumud is? Do you know how to get to Bakaaro market? Where is the nearest bank? Giving directions. Responding positively. Certainly, go straight a head and turn left. After three buildings. It’s near Ambassador Hotel. Yes, of course. Go straight until you reach the junction. Turn right the first building. It is on the high street across of the junction. Responding negatively I’m sorry, I’m a stranger here my self. I’m very new here myself, I’m sorry. I really don’t know. I can’t help you. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 131

132. Conversation: A A: Excuse me, sir. B: Yes, please, how can I help you? A: Could you please tell me where Premier Bank is? B: Let me think for a moment. Go straight a long this road and turn left. It is on the left. A:Thank you so much. B: You are welcome. Conversation: C A: Do you know the direction to the bank, please? B: It is on the Junction, across the road. A: Thank you very much. B: No problem. Conversation: B A: Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me how to get to Sahafi Hotel? B: I’m sorry, I’m new here myself. A: Thank you, anyway. Conversation: D A: Pardon me, please. B: Yes, please. How can I help you? A: Would you tell me the quickest way to the post office, please? B:I’m sorry, I don’t know. A: Thank you anyway. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 132

133. Drills for practice How can I get to your home? How can we get to the nearest bank? How can we get to the nearest mosques ? How do you get to this place from the main road? How can you get to the nearest market? Answer question with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 133

134. 8. Talking about past activities Key Vocabulary Learn about the past Asking about the past Responding to questions about the past Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 134

135. Learn about the Past Tense. Past Tense positive form Subject-verb agreement Sentences Was I/ She /He /It / Muna was.. I /He / She / It was sick yesterday. Were They/ we/ you/ The students were They / We/ You were here yesterday. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 135 Negative form Subject-Verb agreement sentences Contraction. Was not / wasn’t I / She / He /It /Muna was not I /He/ She/ It / Muna was not at school yesterday. I/ He /She / It / Muna wasn’t at school yesterday Were not / weren’t You/ We/They/Students were not….. You/They/We/Students were not in class yesterday. You/ They/We/Students weren’t in class yesterday. Question form Sentences Possible answers. Was I / He / She / It ….. Was I / she / he / it there yesterday? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. Were they / you / they / the students... Were they / we / you there yesterday? Yes, we were. / No, weren’t.

136. Learn More about Past Tense Past tense (did) Positive Sentence Negative Sentences Question Sentences I / You / We/ They /He / She /It did I did home work yesterday. I didn’t do the home work yesterday. I didn’t eat food in morning. I didn’t pray in the morning. Did I do the home work yesterday? Yes, you did. / No, You did not / didn’t. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 136 Past Tense action Verb Positive Sentences Negative Sentences Question statement. Cooked/ prayed / killed My sister cooked food yesterday. She didn’t cook food yesterday. Did she cook food yesterday? Ate/ drunk/ went I ate breakfast in the morning. I didn’t eat breakfast in the morning. Did I eat breakfast in the morning? Studied / cried I studied hard last year. I didn’t study hard last year. Did I study hard last year?

137. Asking and responding about past activity Asking What did you do on the weekend? What did you do last week? What time did you meet your friends yesterday? Where did you buy your phone? When did you eat breakfast? What time did you get up yesterday? Did you watch T.V last night? Did you watch the movie last night? Did you work at the office yesterday? Responding I went to lido? I visited my mother last week. I met them at the university. I bought it in Bakaaro market. I ate breakfast at 8:00 A.M. I got up at six o’clock yesterday. Yes, I did. No, didn’t. Yes, I did. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 137

138. Conversation: A A: When did you eat your lunch today? B: I ate my lunch at 12 o’clock. A: Where did you have lunch from? B: I had my lunch from Fatix restaurant. Conversation: B A: What time did you get up yesterday? B: I got up at a half past seven? A: And then where did you go? B: I went to __________. A: Did you _________ anything? B: Yes, I did. A: What did you study? B: I studied __________- Language. A: After studying, where did you go? B: I went back home. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 138

139. Conversation: C A: Where did you go after lunch? B: I went to the movie. A: What did you see there? B: I saw a film entitled, “Save The Last Dance,” A: Was it interesting? B: No, it wasn’t. It was boring. Conversation: D A: Where did you go yesterday? B: I went to London. A: Did you swim in the lake? A: No, I didn’t. B: Why? A: It was cold and crowded. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 139

140. Drills for practice When were you born? How did you come school today? What did you eat for breakfast today? When did you start university? What film did you watch last night? Answer the questions with complete sentence. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 140

141. 9 . Talking about the future Key Vocabulary Learn about future tense Ways of asking Telling about future plans and wishes Conversations Drills For Practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 141

142. Learn about How to Use the Future Tense Future phrases and verbs Sentences Going to I’m going to Baidoa next week. We’re going to marry next month. I’m not going to Baidoa next week. Are you going to the market tomorrow? Planning to I’m planning to buy a new car. She is planning to move to Nairobi. Are you planning to build a new house? I’m not planning to come there soon. Might I might go to Turkey next week. I might go to America next year. I’m not sure. I might not come tomorrow. Shall We shall visit you next week. I shall come there next year. Shall I come with her tomorrow? We shall not be there next week. will He will pay you tomorrow. She will pay the balance after class. Will you come to school today? They will not/ won’t attend the party. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 142

143. Talking about Future Plans Ways of asking What are you planning to do? What are you going to do after graduation? Where are you going to tonight? What are doing tomorrow? What are you doing tonight? Are you going to Canada ? When are you going for pilgrimage? Telling about future plans and wishes. I’m planning to visit my parents in Galukayo. I’m going to marry after graduation. I’m going to watch a movie. I’m going to teach my friend. I’m visiting my parents. Yes, I might go next year. I’m not sure. I might go after three years. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 143

144. Conversations…… Conversation: A A: Where are you going tonight? B: I’m going to the GYM. A: Oh, that sounds kinky. B: Would you like to go with me. A: Certainly. When shall we meet? B: I’ll pick you up at six thirty. A: Great. So long for now. B: So long. Conversation: B A: What are you planning to do? B: I’m planning to get married in September. How about you? A: I’m planning to visit my parents in Gubta. Conversation: C A: What are you going to do tonight? B: I haven’t decided yet. A: Would you like to go to the park? B: Let me sleep on it. I’ll call you later. - Sleep on it = think about it A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 144

145. Drills for practice Where are you going after class? When are you planning to marry? When are you finishing this course? Where are you planning to marry from? What are you doing tonight? Answer with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 145

146. 10. Making comparison Key Vocabulary Learn about comparison Comparing cities and countries Comparing things and leisure time Comparing people Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 146

147. Learn about Comparison We use adjectives to compare things. Every Adjective has 3 degrees of comparison. Positive degree (describes things) Suzan is beautiful. Sabrina is small. Comparative degree ( is used to compare two persons or things) Suzan is bigger than Sabrina. Sabrina is more beautiful than Suzan. Superlative- degree (is used to talk about comparing more than two person or things) Suzan is the biggest in class. Sabrina is the most beautiful. NOTE: “Than” is generally used with an adjective in the comparative degree and “the” is generally put before an adjective in the superlative degree. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 147

148. Rules for Forming the Comparative and Superlative Positive Comparative Superlative Sentences Adjectives with 1 syllable, add …er .. and ….est Short Tall Smart Shorter Taller Smarter Shortest Tallest Smartest He is short. He is shorter than Ali. He is the shortest in class. With adjectives of more than two syllables, use “more …. and … most … Beautiful Handsome More beautiful More handsome Most beautiful Most handsome She is beautiful. She is more beautiful. She is the most beautiful. With adjectives ending in ‘Y’ = ‘ i ’ and add ..er … and … est .. Healthy Dirty Busy Healthier Dirtier Busier Healthiest Dirtiest Busiest You’re healthy. You’re healthier than him. You’re the healthiest. Vowel next to the consonant at the end of a short adj. double the consonant before adding ….er … and …est … Hot Hotter Hottest Amina is tall. Amina is taller than Hassan. Amina is the tallest in her family. Good/well and bad have irregular comparatives and superlatives Good / well Bad Better Worse Best Worst I’m good. I’m better than you. I’m the best in the town. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 148

149. Comparing Cities and Countries. Is Mogadishu bigger than Kisimayo? Is Samsung more expensive than Iphone? Is Talex the most beautiful place in Mogadishu? Which is better for shopping, Bakaaro or Hamarweyn? Which is more beautiful Beta Nabada park or Benadir park? Yes, Mogadishu is bigger than Kisimayo. No, Samsung is not more expensive than Iphone. Yes, Talex is the most beautiful place in Mogadishu. Hamarweyn is better than Bakaaro. I guess Beta Nabada park is more beautiful than Benadir park. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 149

150. Comparing Things Is knowledge more important than money? Is knowledge better than money? Which do you find more interesting, Somali music or Indian music? Which one is more useful to advertize, TV or Radio? Is milk cheaper than water? Yes, knowledge is more important than money. I think nothing is more important than education. I think Somali music is more interesting than Indian music. A TV is more attractive for advertizing than a radio. No, water is cheaper than milk. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 150

151. Comparing People Is Amina more intelligent than Zakaliya? Are Japanese the most hardworking people? Who has the most enjoyable voice of all the Qur’an readers? Who is the richest man in the world? No, she isn’t. Zakaliya is more intelligent than her. I guess, they are the most hardworking people. I think Salah Buktr has the most enjoyable voice. Jeff Bezzos is currently the richest man in the world. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 151

152. Practice: Ask and Answer Questions: Use the Clue Below River Nile / River Amazon(long) A: Which is longer, river Nile or river Amazon? B: I think river Nile is longer than river Amazon Madiina/ Hodon (big) A: _____________________________________________ B: _____________________________________________ Iphone or Samsung (expensive) A:______________________________________________ B:______________________________________________ A car / a camel (fast) A: ______________________________________________ B: ______________________________________________ Bakaaro market or Hamarweyn ( near) A: ______________________________________________ B: ______________________________________________ A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 152 The Sahara is____ ________ desert in the world.(large) Bosaso is one of __ ________ towns in Somalia.(hot) The film was ________ than we expected. (bad) Talex is _________ than it was ten years ago. (clean) Mansa Musa was the ______ man on earth. ( rich) Who is the tallest in your family? Who is the fattest in the class/ Your city and Cairo, which one is more beautiful? What is the worst creature on earth? What is the worst sin according to religion? Complete using the proper degree of adjective given in brackets Answer with complete sentences

153. 11. Getting help from a clinic. Key Vocabulary Asking a patient Response from the patient. Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 153

154. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Drug store A place were we buy medicine My sister has a drug store. Where is the drug store? Clinic It an out patient place were sick people are given medical care You go to the clinic. Is there a clinic around here? Pharmacy A shop that sells medicine/ drugs There are many pharmacies in Mogadishu. It is the biggest pharmacy. Pharmacist A person who works in the pharmacy My father is a pharmacist. They are looking for a pharmacist. Patient a sick person. I have a patient at home. Tablet A solid substance, normally a measured amount of medicine. I need aspirin tablets. Do you have Panadol tablets? Ache Pain I have a headache. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 154

155. Useful Expression Used to Describe Sickness a cold. a serious pain in my chest. a serious stomachache. a temperature/ fever. I’ve got a cough. a sore throat. a chest pain. a ear ache. diarrhea. joint pain. ulcers. diabetes. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 155 I feel – sick/dizzy/breathless/faint / bad particularly at night I’m depressed/ constipated/tired all the time.

156. Getting Help from the Drug Store of Clinic Pharmacist Good afternoon. May/can/ I help you? How can I help you please? Pharmacist- possible response All right. I’ll give some tablets for it. It will help you. Ok I will give some doze of medicine. It will help you. Take these tablets it will help you. No, I’m sorry we don’t have. Giving prescription Please, take 2 in the morning, 2 in the afternoon after lunch, and 2 before you sleep. It is 2 time 3. Buyer/Patient Yes, I have got a serious headache. Do you have anything for it? I have got malaria. Have you got some tablets for it? I fell down from the ladder and my leg got dislocated. Can I have something for a cough? Do you have aspirin, please? Can I get medicine for stomachache, please? Asking for prescription What is the prescription please? Can you tell me how to use them? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 156

157. Asking Sick People How They Feel Expressions when someone is sick. How are you feeling today? How are you today? How do you feel today? How do you feel now? How about today? What is your illness? Do you feel all right? Do you have good appetite? Are you okay? Where do you feel sick? Expressing wish and hope. I wish you a quick recovery. I hope you feel better soon. I hope you get better soon. God bless you. God forgive you. Responses I’m not feeling well. I’m not feeling well today. I don’t feel well this evening. Thanks to God. I feel better. Thanks to God I feel now better. I feel much better now. I feel much better today than yesterday. I’m out of the wood now. out of the wood = out of danger. I feel a little better. No, I don’t have appetite. Thanks. All right. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Lif 157

158. conversations Conversation: A A: Good evening. How can I help you? B: I have got a serious headache. Have you got something for it? A: Yes, we have. Take these tablets for your headache. You will get better soon. B: Ok. What is the prescription? A: only two times two in the morning and before you sleep at night. B: How much is it? A: Only 2 dollars. B: Here you’re. Conversation: B A: Good evening. What can I do for you? B: I’ve got a serious cough. Do you have something for it? A: Ok, take this syrup and drink 2 spoonfuls after each meal. A: How much is it? B: It is 5 dollars. A: Okay, Here you’re. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 158

159. Drills for practice. Do you get sick sometimes? When was the last time you got sick? What do you usually do when you get a headache? What is the most difficult illness you have ever experienced? What kind of treatment do you usually use when you get sick? Answer with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 159

160. 12.Traveling and vacation Key vocabulary Talking about traveling Talking about vacation Booking accommodation Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 160

161. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Travel The act of going from one place to another I’m traveling tomorrow. When are you traveling? She travelled yesterday. Journey Travel I have a journey tomorrow. Depart Start to move away from one place to another direction We shall depart at six. When are you departing? We are not departing today. Arrive To reach a place We shall arrive tomorrow. When are you arriving? We are not arriving today. Vacation Free time away from work I’m going on a vacation tomorrow. When is your vacation? Booking Reserving a place: like accommodation, bus sit, flight ticket. I have to book the bus today. Are going to book a ticket for your flight tomorrow. Accommodation A place to sleep or stay. Do you have accommodation. I’m looking for accommodation. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 161

162. Talking about traveling Asking When are you traveling? When is your journey. Are you traveling? Where are you traveling to? Have you got some luggage? Are you traveling by bus or on plane? Have you booked yet? At what time are you departing? At what time will you arrive? Who are you traveling with? Is it an easy journey? Wishing someone a safe journey. Safe journey to you. May God keep you safe on your journey. I hope you reach well. See you again. When will you be back? When do you expect to return? Possible responses. I’m traveling tomorrow. My journey is tomorrow. Yes, I’m traveling tomorrow. I’m traveling to Sudan. Yes, I have got luggage. I’m traveling on a plane? Yes, I have already booked. I’m departing tomorrow at six o’clock. I expect to arrive at four o’clock. I’m traveling alone. No, it isn’t. It is my first journey to Sudan. Response Oh, thank you. Thanks. If God wishes. See you, too. May be after one month. I expect to return next week. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 162

163. Talking about vacation Asking Where do you plan to go on your vacation? When are you going for your vacation? What are you planning to do on your vacation? Where do you usually go for your vacation? Are you going for a vacation? How are you going on your vacation? Where did you go for vacation last year? Where did you spend your vacation last holiday? Did you have a good vacation? What did you do on your vacation? Response I’m planning to go to Canada. I’m going next week for a vacation. I’m planning to go to Baidoa. I usually go abroad. Yes, I ‘m going for a vacation. I’m going on a ship. I went to America. I spent my vacation in Uganda. Yes, I did. It was so marvelous. I went on a boat riding, camping and mountain climbing. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 163

164. Booking accommodation at a hotel Receptionist Good evening. May I help you, sir? What would you like, sir? What can I serve you? What can I do for you? Receptionist How long would you like to stay? How long are you going to stay? How many nights will you be staying? What kind of bedroom do you need/want? Do you need a self contained room? Guest I’d like to stay in your hotel. I need a bedroom, please. Do you have vacancies? Have you got any bedroom for tonight? Do you have a room, please? Yes, I’m looking for an apartment. I’d like two bedroom, Could I have some bedroom please? I’m here to book a room. Do you have any left? Guest I’d like to stay for four days. I want to stay for three days. I may stay for four nights. A single room if possible. I’d like a double room if possible. Yes, I would like to book a single room. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 164

165. Conversation: A A: When are you going on a vacation? B: Next week. That’s when I’m planning to go? A : Where are you planning to go? B: I’m planning to go Uganda? A: How long will you be there? B: May be a month. A: Have you already booked a flight ticket. B: Yes, of course. A: I have something I would like to send. Do you have a lot luggage? B: Yes, I have, but not so much. You can bring them. A: When do you expect to depart? B: I guess in the morning if nothing changes. A: I think you’re to arrive there on that same day? B: I’m not so sure because I expect to stay two days in Nairobi. A: So, probably you will arrive after two days? B: Definitely. Conversation: B A: Good morning, How are you? B: Fine thank you and you? A: I’m pretty well. You are lost. Where have you been? B: I have been to America on a vacation. A: Great. How was your vacation? B: I had a wonderful time. I really enjoyed it a lot. I felt just like a kid again. A: What did you do? B: I visited my friends in California. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 165

166. Conversation: C Booking Accommodation. A: Good afternoon. How can I help you? B: Can I have double rooms? A: Fine. B: By the way, are they self contained? A: Yes, every bathroom has got a shower. B: Great. We would like the rooms. A: How long would you like to stay? B: For four nights. A: Can you please fill this guest form? B: Certainly. Conversation: D A: What would like ,sir? B: I need a bedroom, please. A: What kind of room do you want? B: I’d like a single room, if possible? A: Fine. We have a single room available. B: By the way, doest it have a bathroom? A: I’m sorry. It doesn’t have a bath. But it has got a toilet and a shower. B: That’s okay. I prefer a room with a view of the swimming pool. B: Ok. I can put you at the front of the hotel. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 166

167. Discussion questions Do you have vacations? When was the last time you went on a vacation? When do you plan to go for a vacation? If you could go anywhere in the world for a vacation, where would you go? What would you like to do on a vacation? Which place in your country do you think is the most suitable for a vacation? Who would you love to go with on a vacation? If you’re going for a vacation, name three things you would like to go with? Answer with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 167

168. 13.Opinion Key vocabulary Asking for someone's opinion Giving an Opinion Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 168

169. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Opinion What someone thinks In my opinion, he is right. That is just your opinion. Point of view Away how someone understands things My point of view is different from yours. Feelings The perceptions of something What are your feelings about him? Believe Think or accept as true I believe he is correct. I believe in his words. According to As reported by According to the scientist: the earth is becoming warmer. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 169

170. Ways of Asking Someone’s Opinion Asking What do you think of English Language? How do you feel about this class? How do you like this city? How do you find Somalia? What is your opinion about our Education system? What are your feelings about Divorce? Can/ could you tell me your opinion about employment? Would you tell me your opinion about food standard in your country? I would like to know your opinion about marriage? Is there something you would like to say about films? I’d like your opinion about secret marriage? Responses In my opinion, English language is very important for communication. I feel this class is very live and lovely. In my view, it is really a lovely city. As I see it, it is a beautiful country. I believe the education system is improving. Personally I think, it is not good. As a matter of fact, I think unemployment is becoming a big problem. Frankly speaking the food standard id not good at all. From my point of view marriage needs responsibility. If you ask me, they are really boring. As far as I’m concerned, it is totally unacceptable. No Opinion. I don’t have any opinion about that issue. I’m sorry, I’ve no strong feelings about it. I’m sorry, I have never thought about it. I’m sorry, I don’t know what to say about this issue. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 170

171. Conversations Conversation: A A: What do you think of the new government? B: As I see it, it is more efficient than the earlier one. A: What is your opinion about the new tax on things? A: I believe it is hard, but good for our country’s development. Conversation: B A: I would like to know your opinion about local films? B: As far as I’m concerned, they are not interesting and educational. A: Did you watch the film last night? B: Yes, I did. A: How did you feel about it? B: I felt it was boring. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 171

172. Conversation: C A: Could you tell me your opinion about our new teacher? B: Oh, I find him very fantastic. A: How about the lesson. B: Personally I think, it was a little hard. Conversation: D A: I would like to have your opinion about our new secretary? B: Oh, I like her very much because she is always kind to everyone. A: I agree with you she is generous with every one. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 172

173. Drills for practice What do you think about Mogadishu? What is your opinion about your country’s education system? Would you please tell us your opinion about marriage? We would like to have your opinion about divorce? How do you find life in this country? Do you believe that women are only supposed to stay at home? What do you think is the cause of corruption in Africa? What is your opinion about people who abuse drugs? Answer with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 173

174. 14. Invitation Key vocabulary Useful expressions for beginning an invitation. Expressions for inviting people. Expressions for accepting invitation. Expressions for refusing invitation. Conversations. Drills for practice. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 174

175. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences To invite Asking someone in a friendly way to do something I invite you on my graduation party. She invited me yesterday. Did you invite him on your wedding? Invitation A request (spoken/ written) to take part in something. I have got an invitation from my brother in America. Ahmed didn’t send me an invitation. Did you receive the invitation? Accept To react positively I accept your invitation. Would you accept my invitation. Decline To refuse/ react negatively He declined my invitation. I cannot decline your invitation. Attend To be there Amina will attend my wedding. Everyone should attend the seminar. Absent Not to be there He was absent on the party. Who is absent today? They were not absent, but they were hiding in their rooms. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 175

176. Useful Expressions for beginning an invitation Are doing some thing tonight? Are you doing anything on Friday night? What are you doing this afternoon? Are you free tomorrow night? Are you doing something next week? Are you going anywhere next week? Do you have a class tomorrow? Are you having any program tonight? No, nothing special. Why? No, not much why? Nothing important, but why? Friday night? No, nothing special. I’m not sure, why? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 176

177. Expression for Inviting People Formally Invitation I’m going to Baidoa. Would you like to go with me? I would like to invite you for a party at my house. May I take you to a date tonight? Would you mind going to Lido beach with me? I was wondering if you would like to have dinner with me? Accepting Oh, yes. I’d love to. Oh, yes. That sounds so nice. Thank you. I’d like it very much. That sounds very interesting indeed. Thank you. Thank you. I’d be glad to. Expression for refusing Thank you, but I don’t think I can. Thank you. I wish I could but I’m afraid I’m busy then. I’m sorry. I’ve already made other plans. I’d love to, but I’m not feeling well. I’d love to, but I’m invited on another party and I’ve promised to attend. I hope you would invite me again another time. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 177

178. Expressions to Invite People Informally Invite Do you want to have lunch together tomorrow? Do you like to see a movie tonight? Do you feel like going to the beach tomorrow? How about having a party at my house tonight? Let’s go and have tea at the restaurant. Accept I’d love (like) to. Thanks, I’d like that. Thanks, that would be fun/interesting. Marvelous idea! I’d love to. Thanks, that sounds fun/kinky. That sounds great/fantastic. That sounds so nice/ marvelous. All right/okay. Why not? I’d be delighted. Decline I’d love to, but…… Thanks, but I’ve made other plans. Thanks, but I have got a meeting. Thanks, but I have got other programs. I’m sorry, I can’t. I have to meet e friend. May be another time. May be some other time. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 178

179. Conversation: A A: Hello. B: Hello. Can I speak to Dina, please? A: Speaking. B: Oh, hi, Dina. This is Abbey. Do you remember Hamdi’s party? A: Oh, of course. Abbey. How are you doing? B: I’m doing well, and you? A: Just fine thanks. B: Dina, I was wondering if you would like to go to a concert on Thursday? A: Oh, I’d love to, Abbey, but I’m afraid I can’t Thursday I’m at work. B: Oh that’s too bad. Well, could we make it some other time then? A: Sure, let’s. B: Well, we are free on Friday night, by any chance. There is another concert. A: Friday would be nice. What time does the concert start? B: At eight o’clock sharp, but I thought we could have dinner first. A: That sounds so nice. B: I’ll pick you up 5:30, ok? A: Fine. Conversation: B A: Hellene are you doing something on Saturday? B: No, nothing special. Why? A: I’m going to Jazeera beach this Saturday. Would you like to go with me? B: Oh, that sounds very interesting indeed. Thank you. A: Okay. I will pick you up at 9:00 AM. B: All right. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 179

180. Drills for Practice Practice 1 Make a conversation from the expressions and act it with a partner with the following situation. Begin the invitation. He/she has nothing to do. Invite a partner/ friend to go out to a dinner. She/he accepts the invitation. Practice 2 Invite a friend. He/she declines. Suggest another time. He/she agrees. Answer with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 180

181. BASICS III A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 181

182. 1.Making Suggestions Key vocabulary Phrases foe suggestions Other means of making suggestions Conversations Drills for practice A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 182

183. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 183 New Word Meaning Sentence To Suggest ( PT: suggest (s), PC: suggesting, PST: suggested) Make a proposal Declare a plan for something. I suggest we buy a new car. He is suggesting to come up with a new idea. Suggestion An idea that is suggested. It was a suggestion we couldn’t refuse. What is your suggestion? Proposal Something suggested They listened to her proposal. What is your proposal? To Propose (PT: Propose (s), PC: Proposing, PTS: Proposed Make a proposal, declare a plan for something The member of parliament proposed to remove the president. What are you proposing? Proposer Someone who makes a suggestion or proposal. Who is the proposer? He was the proposer of that great idea. Key Vocabulary

184. Phrases for Suggestions Asking A1 What shall we do this evening? What can I buy for the graduation? What shall we have for breakfast? Where can I park the car? Where can we go for holiday this year? Where can we go for weekend? Possible Suggestion B1 Why don’t we go to the concert? Why don’t you buy a flower? Why don’t we have spaghetti for breakfast? Why don’t you park outside? Why don’t we go in Dubai? Why don’t we go to Jazeera beach? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 184

185. Other ways of Making Suggestions to Others A2 : If I were you........ If I were you, I would go to the hospital, If I were you, I would stay at home. If I were you I would buy a perfume. A3 : How/what about……. How about going to the concert? How about going to Liido? How about having a sandwich? How about buying a necklace? A4 : I suggest……. I suggest we eat a sandwich. I suggest we go to Liido beach. A4 : Let’s ………. Let’s go to Liido beach. Let’s eat Amburo. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 185

186. Agree to suggestions That’s really a good idea. That’s a great idea. That would be so nice. That would be very interesting. That sounds like a good idea. That is very interesting. That is great. What a great idea! What a splendid idea! All right. Let’s go. Ok. Let’s do that. Disagree to suggestions Oh. It is too far. It is too expensive. Oh. It is too much trouble. Why not go somewhere else instead. No. I don’t like that. I don’t think it’s a good suggestion. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 186

187. Drills For Practice Asking Suggestions Agreement What shall we do after class? Why don’t we go to Cadan restaurant? That’s really a good Idea. Where shall we go for honey moon? Why don’t we go to Paris? That would be so nice. Where shall we go on the weekend? I suggest we go to Jazeera. Jazeera. Oh, its too far. Why don’t we go out for a drink somewhere? Lets go to creams. All right. Lets go. This Place is so boring! Why don’t we go to the theatre. No, I don’t think it is safe outside. I have a serious fever! If I were you, I would see a doctor. No, today is Friday. May be tomorrow. What can we have for supper tonight? How about having a sandwich? No, I don’t like a sandwich! I am doing nothing Tonight. Where can we spend time? What about staying at home and watching movies? That we be very interesting if we watch together. She doesn’t understand me. If I were you, I would just give it a pause. I cant imagine a second without her. 187

188. Conversation A A: Excuse me. B: Yes, please. A: Are you doing something tonight? B: Nothing big, I’m just bored. Any suggestion? A: Why don’t we go for a seminar at Abdulrashid mosque? B: That’s really a great idea. Conversation B A: Are you at home? B: Yes. I am. Are you coming over? A: Right away. On my way. B: I have nothing to eat here. I suggest you buy something to eat on the way. A: I think all the shops and restaurants have closed. B: How about you check on Fatix? They don’t close before midnight. A: Oh. It is too much trouble, but let me pass there anyway. B: That’s great. Pick up speed. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 188

189. Discussion Question What is your suggestion on solving the problem of unemployment? If you were the president of your country, how would you solve the problem of corruption? I have been studying English for some good time, but still I find it difficult to speak. What should I do? There is someone who loves me so much, but her family wont let her marry me. What would you do if you were me? I have been married for ten years, unfortunately, I couldn’t conceive. And it seems my partner is frustrated. What advice could you give me? Try to answer with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 189

190. 2.Problems and Difficulties Key vocabulary Asking Someone with Problems and Responses Drills For practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 190

191. Key Vocabulary/ Phrases New Words Meaning Sentence Difficulties A condition beyond one’s ability to deal with (problem) Do you have some difficulties in the language? I have some difficulties with these people. Look blue Depressed, sad You look blue. What’s going on? She looks blue these days. Black mood Unpleasant mood They are in a black mood. Amina is in a black mood. Upset Angry You look upset. My parents will be upset if I tell them. Tight corner In a situation that is hard to get out. The president is in a tight corner. I ’m not in a tight corner. In a fix Difficult situation I’m in a fix these days. She is not in a fix. She is just trying to make excuses. Make one’s blood boil. Make someone very angry My brother made my blood boil. I decided to end the relationship, because just the thought of love makes my blood boil. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 191

192. Practice Asking You look blue. What's wrong you? You look unhappy, what’s up with you? You are in black mood. What’s the problem? You look depressed. Has anything happened to you? You look upset. Is there a problem? You look sad. What’s the matter with you? Possible Responses I’ve got a lot of problems. I’m in a serious problem. I’m in tight corner. I’m in a fix. Something disappointed me. I’m very anxious. My sister made my blood boil. I feel under the weather. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 192

193. Conversation A A: Hello B: Hi. Long time. A: Long time indeed. B: Where have you been these days? A: I was at home. I have been in a fix. One of the most difficult period since I married. B: Yeah. I can see. You look depressed. What was the problem? A: My wife was in a critical condition. B: So sorry, I didn’t know. I would have paid a visit. Conversation B A: Yesterday, you looked upset. What was the problem? B: I wasn’t upset, but I was just in a tight corner. A: What was it? B: My wife was mad at me, so I had no where to sleep. A: Why didn’t you tell me about it? B: I had no idea, but everything is fine now. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 193

194. Discussion questions What upsets you about these class? Which time of the day do you always have difficulties? Who/what makes your blood boil sometimes? Have you ever found your self in a tight corner? What was the problem? What do you usually do when you’re sad? Which problems have you ever had with your hubby? Can you tell us the most difficult situation you have ever experienced? Have you ever had difficulties with your neighbors? What was the matter? Try to answer the questions with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 194

195. 3.Words and Expression for Cheering people Key vocabulary Expression for cheering people Drills for practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 195

196. Key Vocabulary/ Phrases New Words Meaning Sentence Cheer up Encourage, try to make happy. She tried to cheer up the sad child when she failed to win. Just cheer him up, it is not the end of the world. When my girlfriend chucked me, my friend was there to cheer me up. Relax Without stress, anger, or anxiety. Please relax, don’t worry about him. She looks relaxed. Comfort A feeling of freedom from worry or disappointments She is a girl who enjoys her comfort. I need some comfort. Optimistic Expecting the best. Try to be optimistic. Qadra is always optimistic. By gone is gone What has passed can never come back. By gone is by gone. There is no need to apologize. You’re a by gone now. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 196

197. Expressions for Cheering People Up Cheer up. Be relaxed. Feel at home. Please make yourself comfortable. Be an optimist. Look at the bright side of things. It can’t be as bad as all that. Take it easy. It is not as bad as you think. Don’t worry. Don’t worry about such things now. Relax and enjoy yourself. Be relaxed tomorrow is another day. Be relaxed it is not the end of the world. Don’t worry. There is no need to get worried. By gone is by gone. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 197

198. Drills for practice Discourage OH no! Don’t you think we have lost? Are we safe here, please? Will I ever speak fluently? My boss called me late in the night and sounded upset. Up to now, I still feel like I can’t live without her. Cheer up No not yet, just cheer up, please! Please be relaxed/ make yourself comfortable/ feel at home. Be an optimistic. Look at the bright side of things. It can’t be as bad as all that. Take it easy. Don’t worry about such things now. Relax and enjoy yourself. Be relaxed. Tomorrow is another day/ it is not the end of the world. There is no need to get worried up. By gone is by gone. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 198

199. Conversation A A: Excuse me, is this Mr. Ayub’s office? B: Yes, Please. How can we help you? A: I have an appointment with Mr. Ayub. B: He isn’t in the office at the moment but you can have a seat, he will be here soon. A: Oh. No problem. I can wait outside. B: Please, Feel at home. Sit there. There is no need to sit outside. Conversation B A: Yes, Please. You look depressed what’s the problem? B: My husband is seeing another woman. A: Don’t worry. It is not the end of the world. B: Am afraid we might divorce. A: So what? Don’t worry about such things. Relax and enjoy your self. B: Thanks a lot. A: You’re still young and beautiful. So be relaxed! B: You’re the best. 199

200. Discussion questions Who always cheers you up when you feel down? What would you say to a friend who is experiencing a difficult situation? My parents have just died, which words would you use to cheer me up? Thieves to day morning mugged me and ran away with my phone? What would you say to a woman who has been divorced? Try to answer the questions with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 200

201. 4.When You’re Out of Money Key Vocabulary Expression and phrases Drills for practice Conversations Discussion questions 201

202. Key Vocabulary New word Meaning Sentence Note A piece of paper money. Somalia has one Shilling note. Can you get me a ten dollar note? Coin A flat round metal piece used as money We don’t have coins. Can I give you coins? Penny A coin worth one hundredth of thee value of the basic unit. I don’t have a penny. Pocket A bag like clothe inside a garment for carrying small thing. I don’t have a single coin in my pocket. Cent Half a dollar It doesn’t even cost a cent. Bankrupt Someone with little money to cover his/her needs. Bill G ates will never be bankrupt? Are you bankrupt? Loaded Having enough money She is loaded. He was loaded. Dash /Brass Money (slang) I don’t have a dash to my name. He’s got some brass. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 202

203. Expressions and phrases I’m on the rock. I’m on hard track. I haven’t got a red cent. I haven’t a bean. I haven’t a penny to my name. I haven’t two half pennies to rub together. I have got empty pockets. I don’t have dash to my name. I don’t have brass to my name. I’m out of packets. I haven’t enough room to swing a cat. I’m in a tight squeeze. I don’t have any coin. I don’t have any money. I’m broke. I’m down flat. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 203

204. Drill for Practice Can you help me with some money, please. That car is for sale. Can you buy it? Thanks for the phone, but can you buy me earphone, as well. Are you going to pay for the internet? Can you lend me $50? I don’t have any money. I don’t have a dash to my name. I’m out of packets now. I’m broke. I’m down flat. 204

205. Conversation A A: Hello, I have got some problems. I need your help. B: What is bothering you? A: My son was expelled from school. They need some money, but right now, I’m on the rock! B: So sorry, I’m also broke these days. I’m in a tight squeeze. A: Oh, its okay, thank you. B: Anyway let me try tomorrow. I hope to receive some money. B: That would be great. Conversation B A: Hi, Have you bought all the ingredients? B: Yes, all that is on list. A: There are spices I forgot to put on. B: Am out packets now. A: Just a few minutes, I’m sending you some money. B: All right. 205

206. Discussion questions Are you broke some times? What makes you broke? What do you do when you go to buy something and you find yourself out of packets? Have you ever been broke and at the same time with a problem? (tell us about) Do you have a friend who is always broke? (How do you help him/her) Would you stay in a relationship with a broke partner? Answer with complete sentences. 206

207. 5.Secret Key vocabulary Useful expression indicating secret Drills for practice Conversations Discussion questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 207

208. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentences Secret Something that should remain hidden from others It is a secret. I can never tell her my secrets. Do you have any secrets? Spill Reveal information He spilled his secrets. I cannot spill their secrets. Disclose Make known to the public the information. The university will not disclose the results until all students pay. Why did you disclose the information? Whistle Blower An informant who exposes wrong doing Snowden is the world’s dangerous whistle blower. Who is the whistle blower? 208

209. Useful Expressions Indicating Secret Please don’t make any crack. Keep it in dark secret. Keep it in camera. Keep it under your hat. Keep it under the carpet. Its between you and me. Its between ourselves. Its between you, me and the gate past. Keep your mouth shut. Don’t let the cat out of the bag. Don’t spill the beans. Don’t blow the cover. Keep it dead. 209

210. Drills for practice Do you know who took the money? Can you please share with me the clip? Are they having an affair? You said, You saw him there? Yes of course. I will tell you, but please don’t make any crack. Please keep it under the carpet. Yes, am certain! Keep it dead. Yes, I did. I saw him. But its between you and me. Don’t spill the beans. 210

211. Conversation: A A: I had he was dismissed out of work. B: Where did you get it from? A: From his close friend. B: That’s too bad. I would like to ask him for the details. A: Please, Just keep it in camera. Conversation: B A: I have inside information that Mr. Nasri was killed by one of the Statesman. B: Who’s the whistle blower? A: I can’t disclose him. B: Just tell me. Its between you and me. A: The investigations are still going, so we have to keep our traps shut. 211

212. Discussion questions Do you have secrets? Who do you share your secrets with? Has anyone ever spilled your secrets? If some one kills someone and tells you about it, can you keep such a secret? Man or woman: who would you trust with your secret? Answer question with complete sentences. 212

213. 6.Complementing Other People Key vocabulary Appearance, Clothes and Characters. Conversations Discussion questions 213

214. Key Vocabulary New words Meaning Sentence Beautiful Handsome Good looking (women =beautiful, men= handsome ) You look beautiful My neighbor is so beautiful. Sexy Attractive You’re so attractive. She is not attractive, but she just looks good. Lovely Appealing to the emotions as well as the eye. What a lovely dress! You’re so lovely. Pretty Pleasing to see. She is so pretty. What a pretty necklace! 214

215. Compliments: phrases and expressions. APPEARANCE You look so beautiful. You look like a million dollar. You look sexy. You look lovely today. You look different to the positive. You look wonderful. You look great. CLOTHES I’m crazy about your dress. What a beautiful dress! What a nice shirt! What a lovely skirt! Those shoes are so nice. They match with your dress. That shirt is so nice. It matches with your trouser. 215

216. Conversations Conversation A A: Hey, Long time B: Long time indeed! A: You look so great! B: Thanks. You also look lovely. A: Thanks a lot. And what a lovely shirt. It fits well. B: You should get my designer’s number. Conversation B A: wow, look at you! You look like a million dollar. B: Are you serious! A: You so lovely! B : Thanks. A: What a lovely dress. You look sexy in that dress. B: Hmm. Thanks. 216

217. Discussion questions Is it acceptable in your culture to compliment others? Have you ever received a compliment from a stranger? How did she /he compliment you? Which compliment does your lover makes that interests you most? What is the worst compliment that you have ever received from someone? Who do you usually compliment? How do you compliment him/her? Answer with complete sentences 217

218. 7. Confused Key vocabulary Expression and Phrases when You’re Confused Drills for practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 218

219. Key Vocabulary New Words/Phrases Meaning Sentences Confused Unable to think properly I’m confused. She’s not confused. Are they confused? Muddle confused I’m in a muddle. Figure out understand I have figured out the answer. He can’t figure out the answer. Can you figure out the answer? Beyond my head Beyond my understanding That book is beyond my head. Is it beyond your head? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 219

220. Expressions and Phrases I cant get the head and the tail of it. I’m in all the sixes and sevens. I’m in a muddle. I feel like a fish out of water. I really can’t get your idea at all. I can’t figure it out. I can’t make out what you say. I can’t catch your idea. It is beyond my head. I’m confused. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 220

221. Drills for Practice Do you get what the teacher is explaining? Do you understand the film? How is the book? Have you read it so far? Do you get the idea? Could you please help me solve this equation? I don’t understand how this world operates these time. I cant get the head and the tail of it. Not at all! I’m all in the sixes and sevens. It is beyond my head. I can’t catch your idea. If you don’t give me the formula, I can’t figure it out. We’re all in sixes and sevens. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 221

222. Conversation A A: Excuse me. B: Yes please. How can I help you? A: Did you do the assignment? B: I tried but some questions are beyond my head. A: Oh. I thought I’m the only one confused. Conversation B A: I have been explaining for several minutes. B: Still I couldn’t get the head and tail of it. A: I’m now in a muddle. I don’t know how I can explain more than that. B: May be its beyond my head because I can’t figure out anything. 222

223. Discussion questions What do you do if you don’t understand what someone is telling you? What confuses you most in life? What do you usually do when you’re confused? What subject in your education used to make you feel confused? Do you get angry when you’re confused? Answer with complete sentences. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 223

224. 8.When You’re in Trouble Key vocabulary Expressions and phrases Drill for practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 224

225. Key Vocabulary New Words/ Phrases Meaning sentence Trouble problem I’m in trouble. Are you in trouble? She isn’t in trouble. Deep water Trouble We’re in deep water now. Hot water Serious trouble I’m in hot water now Thin ice At risk of dangerous effects The government is on a thin ice. In the soup To be in a difficult situation They are in the soup. At stake At a risk The all country is at stake. Is their marriage at stake? A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 225

226. Expression and phrases I’m in trouble. I’m in deep trouble. I’m in deep trouble. I’m on a thin ice. I’m in soup. I’m in a pretty pass. I’m stuck at the moment. I’m at a stake at the moment. I’m in hot water. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 226

227. Drills for Practice Asking You look depressed. What’s the problem? You’re lost these days what’s going on? I saw policemen around your home? What’s the matter? She looks blue. What’s the matter with her? Why don’t you settle down? Response I’m in deep trouble. I’m in deep water. I’m at a stake now, I fought with my cousin. She is on thin ice. I’m stuck at the moment A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 227

228. Conversation A A: Hello, what’s up with you? I have been calling you, but no response! B: So sorry, I’m in trouble these days. A: Sorry to hear that. Conversation B A: Are you coming to the cerebrations next week? B: Oh, sorry. I wont be able to make it. A: What is it? Is there any problem? B: Yeah. I’m in deep water now. Some family issues. A: So sorry, I hope you get over it. 228

229. Discussion questions Have you ever been in trouble? How did you live through that trouble? In your family who is the most troublesome member? Have you ever been in trouble with your teacher? What was the issue? How can you help some one who is in deep trouble? Answer with complete sentences A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 229

230. 9.When Things Need Cool thinking Key vocabulary Expressions when things need cool thinking Drill for practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 230

231. Key Vocabulary New Word/ Phrase Meaning Sentences Consider Think about something. We’re going to consider it. Sleep on it Thinking about. Lets sleep on it. We shall give you feedback. Think about Consider I will think about it. Chew it over To think about something. Let me chew it over. Call my mind Think about it I shall call my mind about the all idea. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 231

232. When things need cooling thinking. Let me sleep on it. Let me think over it. Let me call my mind. Second thoughts are the best. Let me think about it Let me chew it over. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 232

233. Drills for Practice I have forwarded the proposal on your email. Can I have the answer now? I love you so much. Please say you love me, too. Have you told him about my ideas? Yes, I have read it, but let me sleep it. Not ready now. May be tomorrow second thoughts are the best. Let me chew it over. Let me first think over it. I can’t just rush on it. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 233

234. Conversation A A: Excuse, Have you received the report. B: Yes, I have just seen it. A: I think tomorrow we need to discuss about. B: Let me chew it over. Conversation B A: I Sent you my proposal, but I haven’t got any response B: Yes, I saw it and went through it. A: So I expected a feedback. B: Still I have to first think about it. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 234

235. Discussion questions Is it important to think about everything? What is the benefit of thinking before doing something? Why do sometimes people do things without thinking? If someone says, “I love you,” Do you need to think about it before giving an answer? Why would you need to think about it? Answer with Complete Sentence. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 235

236. 10.Expressions when Things are Changing. Key vocabulary Words and phrases used when things are changing Drills for practice Conversations Discussion Questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 236

237. Key Vocabulary New Word/ Phrase Meaning Sentence Go up (going up) a rise/ an increase The school fees is going up in the schools around Mogadishu. The bride price is going up in Somalia these days. Go down (going down) Become lower/ a decrease The price of clothes is not going down. Are you sure the price of phones is going down? The cost of camel milk is going down these days. Price Cost The price is not so high. Could you please cut the price? Rate One measure against another quantity or measure. Somalia has the highest infant mortality rate. The price of food is going up at a high rate. fall Going down The price of milk is falling slowly. There is a fall in the price of food. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 237

238. Words and phrases used when things are changing Going up Going up slowly Going down Falling slowly Growing faster/slowly Warmer Colder Worse Better Is getting fast Smaller bigger A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 238

239. Drills for practice The price of food is going up. The price of sugar is going up slowly. The price of chicken is going down. The price of tea is falling slowly. The population of Somalia is growing faster. The climate is becoming warmer. January is always colder. The unemployment problem is becoming worse. The divorce problem is becoming bigger. Education is getting better. The obesity problem is becoming smaller. 239

240. Conversations Conversation A A: What’s up? Long time! B: Long time indeed. A: I am organizing a party. What’s the price of rice now days? B: Sometime back it was high, but now the price has gone down. A: That’s great. Let me come over and there and see. Conversation B A: Excuse me, Are you still in Baidoa? B: Yes please. A: That’s great! I’m coming over there. How is the weather condition now days? B: The weather now is becoming colder. 240

241. Discussion questions Is there any change in your country? What changes have you witnessed in your life time? What is the price of tuition before compared to now days? How is the unemployment problem, is it going up or going down? How about the security: is it getting safer or more dangerous? Answer with complete sentences. 241

242. BASICS III A course that can change the course of your life 242

243. Key vocabulary Asking if you’re sure. When you’re sure. When you’re not sure. Drills for practice Conversations Discussion question The Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 243 1. Making Inquiries

244. Key Vocabulary New Words Meaning Sentences Sure Feeling no doubt I’m sure that he will come. Are you sure about it? Certain Having or feeling no doubt. I am certain that she was the one. Are you certain? Doubt The state of being unsure. I doubt your answer. Why are you doubting me? I’m not doubting your answer. Absolutely Completely, totally without question. I’m absolutely certain that he was the one. She was absolutely sure about what happened. Swear To declare or affirm formally as true. Before God, I swear I am innocent. Can you swear? He is lying. He can’t swear. 244

245. Expression for Making Inquiries Asking: Are you sure? Are you sure on that? Are sure of it? Are sure of what you’re speaking? Are you certain? Don’t you have any doubt? Haven’t you got any doubt? Do you swear? Do you swear on that? When you’re sure Yeah, I’m sure. Yes, I’m quite sure. Yes, I’m pretty sure. Certainly. Absolutely. Definitely. I’m fairly sure. Why not? I’m 100% sure. Its beyond question. I bet my bottom dollars. That’s for sure/certain. Yes, I swear to God. Yes, I swear in the name of God. Yes, I give you my word of honor. Honest to God. When you are not sure No, I’m not sure. No, I’m not quite sure. I doubt. I’m not certain. 245 A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life

246. Drills for Practice Reporting Asking When you’re sure, or unsure Your brother has been arrested. Are you sure? Yes, I’m quite sure. I have just won a jack pot! Are sure of it? Yes, I’m pretty sure. I have now found the right answer. Are you certain? Absolutely. E took off with more than a million dollars. Are sure of what you speaking? Its beyond question. Who else would have taken the money? I saw him entering there. Do you swear? Yes, I swear in the name of God. I know after sometimes he will be all right. Are sure on that? That for sure. He has been like that before. If he stands, he is likely to win a second term. Don’t you have any doubts? I bet my bottom dollars. 246

247. Discussion questions Answer with complete sentences. What one thing are you certain that you can do? Which person are you sure that loves you? Which business are you certain beyond any doubt that if you’re given money you can do it? Which people are you sure that can be there for you in all situations? Under which circumstances would you swear in the name of God? 247

248. Key vocabulary Expression and phrases used to stop someone interfering in your life. Drills for practice Conversations Discussion questions A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life 248 2.When Someone Interferes in Your Life.

249. Key Vocabulary New Words Meaning Sentences Interfere Get involved/ come between Why do you interfere in my affairs She interferes in our marriage. USA interfered in Somalia civil war. Concern Be on the mind/ something that you feel responsible for. We must all have concern for the community safety. He is not concerned about our healthy. Who is concerned about security? Buzz off Leave immediately Please buzz off my affair! affairs A specified matters of personal concern. Please, get your affairs in order. This is my personal affairs, so you shouldn’t interfere in them. 249 A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life

250. Expression and Phrases Used to Stop Someone Interfering in Your Life. Get off my back. None of your business. Its not your business. Don’t poke your nose into my life. Stop interfering into my affairs. Don’t thrust your nose into my affairs. Buzz off! 250

251. Drills for practice The problem is; you don’t listen to me. Why did you chose that course. If you don’t change your behaviors, you’re going to be divorced as soon as possible. Can you please try to listen to my advice? I talked to your husband and I think…. Get off my back. It is none of your business. Its my choice. It doesn’t concern you. You know what! Just buzz off! You know what my husband is my husband. So please stop interfering into my affairs! 251

252. Discussion Questions Answer with complete sentences Do you interfere in other people’s affairs? How do you feel when someone interferes in your affairs? Has anyone ever interfered in your affairs? Tell us a situation when someone interfered in your affairs. Is it good to interfere in the affairs of married people? If yes, why? If no, why?

253. 3.Disasters, Tragedy, Trauma Quotes Key Vocabulary Expressions Drills for practice

254. Key Vocabulary New Word Meaning Sentence Disaster extremely bad  It was a very big disaster. Tragedy A disastrous event, especially one involving distressing loss or  injury  to life 14 th October 2017, was the worst tragedy. Trauma An experience that causes both mental and physical distress He experienced Trauma for years after the death of his wife. Victim One who is harmed or killed by another The citizen are always the victims of war. Suffering To feel pain or distress I am suffering a lot. Destruction The act of destroying There was horrific destruction all over the area. Merciless Having no mercy/ cruel They are merciless. Painful Causing a pain, distress and anguish It is the most painful day in the history of our country. Catastrophe A sudden a disastrous happening. It was a catastrophe. Horrible Very bad and causing fear and shock War is in all words horrible. A Course That Can Change the Course of Your Life

255. Disaster "to be a disaster" / "What a disaster!"  Meaning:  to be very unsuccessful or extremely bad  Similar Expressions The party was a disaster. The party was terrible. The party was a nightmare. = When do we use it?  A disaster is a terrible event or situation that causes great harm. We use it when terrible things happen. Natural disasters are things like a hurricane, earthquake, flood, tsunami, etc . The building collapsed and 500 people died. It was a major disaster. However, we can use the word "disaster" in a different way. We can also use it to describe daily situations or things that are very bad or unsuccessful. These are not real disasters, but we use this expression to exaggerate. My hair is a disaster today. This project is a disaster. His presentation was a disaster. My face is a disaster. My English is a disaster.

256. How do we use it?  We use this expression after a "be verb" or any other way that a noun is used. It was a disaster. I think this project will be a disaster. I hope this project isn't another disaster. Example English Conversations   A) How was your meeting?  B) It was a disaster. I forgot all my materials and I made many mistakes.  A) How was the party?  B) It was a total disaster. The food was terrible, and not that many people showed up.  A) That's too bad. 

257. Expressions for Disaster It was a nightmare. = very terrible/ bad It was disastrous. = caused strong destruction It was horrific. = very shocking It was horrible = very bad It was a devastation/ devastating. = highly destructive We were prostrated to grief = severely shocked It was terrible = extremely bad and serious Everyone was left down in the mouth = shocked and frightened We were all reduced to tears = shocked, and saddened On brink of a disaster. = a point near to destruction A recipe for a disaster. = likely to cause a bad thing A disaster of epic proportion. = a catastrophe It was traumatizing.

258. Drills for Practice How was that day when your house burnt? Where were you on 14 th October explosion? How did you feel when your uncle died? Did you here about the Tsunami ? Some people around the country still have land problems. It was a nightmare, we lost everything. It was a catastrophic, everyone around Mogadishu was prostrated to grief. The all family was reduced to tear because of his sudden death. It was a disaster of an epic proportion. That’s a recipe for disaster if not resolved immediately.

259. Discussion Questions Answer with complete sentences What is the biggest disaster that has ever struck your country? Do you know anyone who's ever been in a disaster? What is the most stressful or traumatizing situation you've ever been in? Have you ever been in a traumatic situation? How did it affect your lifestyle? How did it affect the lifestyle of those around you? Can the Internet be useful in dealing with a tragedy or trauma? What are some ways of helping people who are suffering from PTSD? (Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome)

260. 4. Talking about one’s life history and experience Key Phrases Practice Conversations Discussion

261. Key Phrases New Phrases Meaning Sentence Used to We use “used to” to refer to things in the past that we no longer do That house used to belong to my family. She used to be my girlfriend. When I was young, I used to play football Didn’t used to Negative form of “used to” I didn’t use to eat Ambro as it is now days. I didn’t use to watch movies as it is now days. Used not to In very formal style, we can use the negative form “used not to” She used not to stay outside late as she does now. I used not to date many girls. Did …. use to Question form we use the auxiliary “did + use to” Did you use to at Salaam bank? Since Shows some definite point of time in the past till now. I have been in Mogadishu since 2016. She has stayed there since last year. For Shows a total period of time I studied English for three years. I have been working with them for ten years

262. Drills for Practice Asking about someone’s background. When were you born? Where were you born? Where did you meet your first girlfriend? When did you meet your first boyfriend? What did you do after you graduated from university? What game did you use to play when you were young? Where did you use to stay when you were young? Who used to be your best friend when you were in Primary? How long have you been staying in Mogadishu? How long have you been married? Did you use to play football ? Possible responses I was born in 1989. I was born in Jigijiga. I met my first girlfriend in Bakaaro market. I met my first boy friend in 2015. I got a job after graduating from university. When I was young, I used to play tennis. I used to stay in Daynile when I was young. Ahmed used to be my best friend in Primary. I have stayed in Mogadishu for three years. I have been married since 1988. Yeah. I used to play football.

263. conversations A: Where did you meet your wife? B: I met her at a bus stop. A: How long have you been together? B: We have been together for ten years. A: Do you still have strong feeling for her? B: I used to love her a lot, but now I have less feelings for her. A: Are you free tonight? B: Yes, I am. What is it? A: Would you like to play football with us? B: I used to play, but now I can’t. I stopped. A: When did you stop? B: Since 2014: I have not been playing for 6 years. Conversation A Conversation B

264. Discussion questions Use complete sentences When where you born? Where were you born? Where did you study from? Where did you used to live when you were studying your primary? Are you married? For how long have you been married? For how long have you been studying at this university? When did you buy your phone? For how long have you been using that phone? Are you on whatts app? For how long have you been using whatts app?

265. 5. EXPRESSIONS DESCRIBING FEELING AND MOODS Key Vocabulary/ Expressions Drills for practice Conversation Discussion Questions

266. Key expressions when we’re happy and pleased I’m walking on the air. I’m flying on cloud nine. I’m floating on the air. I’m walking on cloud nine. I feel at home. I feel like a million dollars I’m in seventh heaven. = extreme happiness I feel on top of the world. I’m really buzzing. I’m as happy as punch. I’m as pleased as punch. I’m in high spirit. High spirit= joyful

267. Negative feelings and moods She is in a black mood. = a bad mood He certainly looked down in the dumps. = sad; depressed She is looking a bit under the weather. = ill; not very well I feel frustrated. I feel hung up. = frightened I feel miserable. I’ve got butter flies in my stomach. I feel very upset. I’m scared. I’m frightened.

268. Drills for practice Possible conversation starters How do you feel after winning the game? How did he feel when he received the news of a new born baby? How do you feel after passing the exams? What was her reaction when you met her at the airport? Possible responses I’m in seventh heaven. He felt like flying on cloud nine. I feel like walking on cloud nine. She was in high spirits. And I was really buzzing.

269. Conversations Conversation A A: Excuse me, did you find her? B: Yes I found her after a long search. A: That’s great to hear. Hw do you feel now? B: I feel like a million dollar! Conversation B A: What a surprise! Long time. B: It’s a pleasure to see you again. A: Indeed, I’m really pleased as a punch. I can’t describe the feeling.

270. Conversation Conversation C A: I had Ragdo was divorced. B: Yes, the marriage wasn’t working from the start. A: So sorry! How is she now? B: She is in a black mood now. A: I hope she gets over it. Conversation D A: Excuse me, have received any news about her yet? B: Not yet. I feel miserable. No one cares here.

271. Discussion questions Answer with complete senteneces What makes you happy? What upsets you most? Who makes you happy? What frustrates you most in your studies? When was the last time you felt upset? Who or what frustrated you?