Economic importance of algea

algae introduction-uses of algae-list of algae used for medicine-economic importance

1. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF ALGAE

2. POSITIVE IMPORTANCE Algae as food Algae as fodder Algae in industry Algae as bio fertilizers Algae as antibiotics and in medicines In sewage disposal

3. ALGAE AS FOOD Algae contains high amounts of simple and complex Carbohydrates-which provide the body with a sources of additional fuel. Algae contains omega 3 ,omega 6 .these essential fatty acids are play a role in production of energy, and contains many nutritive values Porphyra (Red algae) which grows in shallow sea water , It is very rich in protein, and carbohydrates and used as soup. It is also a good sources of vitamin B and c

4. Gelatinous carbohydrates obtained from chondrus crispus is used as a puddings. A salty confection commenly known as dulse , it is obtained from Rhodymenia palmata -it is chewed as tobacco. Laminaria saccharina is rich in carbohydrates ,some red algae such as Gelidium and Gracilaria are used in jelly and ice-creams . Chllorela contains lipids ,protein and carbohydrates . It is used in space flight.

5. Spirulina (blue green algae) as a supplement to diet . This algae is cultured ,dried, powdered and then used in the form of tablets. It containes essential vitamins, minerals ,protein. Scenedesmus rich in protein , threonine . Nostoc , codium , ulva , monostroma are used as food – Salads.

6. Phorpyra

7. ULVA

8. ALGAE AS FODDER Many seaweeds such as fucus , laminaria , ascophyllum are used as fodder. Seaweeds contains micro nutrients, vitamins, fat contents . Algae also provide food to human beings indirectly through food chain. Some of these aquatic animal serve as food for fish and in turn fish is an important source of protein for human beings.

9. ALGAE IN INDUSTRY Agar agar It is a solidifying agent . from species of gelidium , gracilaria , chondrus . Dried agar sold in the form of flakes and cakes or powder. Agar is used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry Puddings, processed cheese, creams and jellies.

10. CARRAGEENAN Extensively used in stabilization of emulsions in paints, Ice-creams ,lotions. Textile, leather, brewing industry. ALGINATE Extracted from laminaria , ascophyllum , fucus . Thickening agent in emultions . Alginic acid stops bleeding effectively.

11. ALGAE AS BIOFERTILIZERS Terrestrial algae play an important role in soil biology . Blue green algae act as nitrogen fixing agent in rice field. Anabaena , Nostoc and many cyanophyceae have the capability of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. By inoculating rice field with blue greens, paddy yield Can be increased by 30%. Blue green algae help in reclamation of saline, and alkaline soil, they decrease pH and increase in phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter contents of the field and thus converting it into fertile and cultivable land. Brown and red algae are used as organic manure.

12. ALGAE IN SEWAGE DISPOSAL Waterborne domestic and industrial waste is called sewage. It contains organic and inorganic material in soluble/suspended form . It is a rich sources of many inorganic nutrients like sulphur, nitrogen, pottasium , phosphorus and as such properly treated sewage can serve as fertilizer. Many unicellular forms such as chlamydomonas ,Euglena, Chlorella These algae are evolved Oxygen during photosynthesis is utilized in oxidation by bacteria. The algae in turn utilize ammonia nitrogen as nutrient .

13. ALGAE AS ANTIBIOTIC AND IN MEDICINE Many algae such as Chlorella, Lyngbya , Polysiphonia , synthetic antibiotic substances . The first an antibiotic , Chlorelin ,was obtained from Chlorella. Ascophyllum Nodosum is effective against both gram positive and gram negetive bacteria. Members of Charales have larvicidal property hence may be useful in controlling mosquitoes. Sea weeds are a good sources of vitamin A, riboflavin is present in good amount in porphyra tenera , gelidium amansii , Chondrus spp . are rich in thiamine . Vitamine C Content of porphyra lacinata is higher than that of organs .

14. Chlorella

15. REFERENCE A TEXT BOOK OF BOTANY - SINGH .PANDE.GAIN ( ppno 255-259) . BOTANY FOR DEGREE STUDENTS – B.R.VASHIAHTA , A.K.SINHA ,V.P.SINGH ( pp 509-513) .

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