ECOSYSTEM, FOOD CHAIN, INTERACTIONS.pptx

It deals with interactions in nature that is food chain and food web

1. ECOSYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION We can only understand and describe how energy from the sun is used by organisms in an ecosystem after we have treated and discuss the following topics; FOOD CHAIN and FOOD WEB.

3. FOOD CHAIN Animals and plants within an ecosystem are connected through their feeding habits. Plants are eaten by animals and these animals are in turn eaten by other animals and so on. This process is called a FOOD CHAIN

4. FOOD CHAIN con’t A food chain is the linear sequence of feeding relationship that shows the transfer of energy from one organism to another through feeding and being fed on by another In food chain, the source of food comes from plants and the source of energy comes from the sun

5. PARTS OF A FOOD CHAIN The Sun Producers Consumers Decomposers

6. THE SUN It provides the energy needed by plants to make food.

7. PRODUCER These includes all the green plants They are also known as autotrophs since they make their own food using simple inorganic materials and energy from the sun They form the bases of all food chains

8. CONSUMERS They are the animals that depend on plants directly or indirectly for food, that is they feed on plants and or other animals They includes Herbivores Carnivores Omnivores Parasites scavengers

9. KINDS OR GROUPS OF CONSUMERS Primary consumers Secondary consumers Tertiary consumers

10. DECOMPOSERS These are mainly bacteria and fungi that convert dead organic material into plant nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen These organisms that break down dead organic matter in an ecosystem are known as SEPROPHYTES Decomposers are important in food chain because they help to recycle the nutrients needed by producers into the soil.

11. EXAMPLES OF FOOD CHAIN Grass Grasshopper Lizard Eagle Human being Frog Snake Hawk

12. INTRODUCTION Food web is the complex feeding relationship between the organisms in the ecosystem. Food web can be describe as a complex feeding relationship that includes multiple intersecting food chains

13. FOOD WEB

14. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB FOOD CHAIN FOOD WEB It is a linear feeding relationship It’s a complex feeding relationship It involves few organism It involves many organism Organism in the food chain has lesser chance of survival Organism in food web has higher chance of survival It involve a single feeding relationship It is made up of many food chain that are connected together.

15. IMPORTANCE OF THE SUN TO LIVE ON EARTH The producers in the ecosystem will die The death of the producers will also lead to the extinction of those consumers that depends on them The sun generate as well as influences our weather and seasons

16. WAYS TO MAINTAIN BLANACE IN THE ECOSYSTEM People should be banned from intruding on wetlands, forest etc Mining activities should be modernized so that areas serving as habitats for organisms are not destroyed or polluted Hunting animals should only be allowed in certain areas on a particular day Pollution of the environment must be stop Trees and other plants species that are felled should be replanted

17. EFFECTS OF THE DISRUPTION OF THE BALANCE IN THE ECOSYSTEM Pollution of water bodies kills organism that for m part of aquatic food chain Frequent discharge of untreated sewage into the water bodies pollutes the environment and therefore affect the aquatic life. Residues from chemical fertilizers kills any organism the comes into contact with it.

18. IMPORTANCE OF BALANCE IN THE ECOSYSTEM The ecosystem is maintained Life processes of living organisms especially human beings will continue.