Components of an Ecosystem 1 Biotic Factors Living organisms within an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria, all play a role in the ecosystem's balance. 2 Abiotic Factors Non-living components of an ecosystem, like sunlight, water, temperature, soil, and air, influence the distribution and abundance of living organisms. 3 Interactions Relationships between organisms, such as predator-prey, competition, and symbiosis, shape the structure and function of an ecosystem. Ecosystems are complex systems made up of living organisms, their physical environment, and the interactions between them. These systems are crucial for maintaining biodiversity, providing resources, and ensuring the overall health of our planet. Understanding ecosystems is essential for sustainable development and conservation