Education, Principles and Works of Le Corbusier Ppt.pdf

Works of Le Corbusier: An Exploration of Modernist Architectural Masterpieces

Le Corbusier, a pioneer of modernist architecture, revolutionized the field with his innovative designs and visionary principles. This project delves into the remarkable works of Le Corbusier, showcasing his most iconic buildings and their profound impact on 20th-century architecture.

From the sleek lines of Villa Savoye to the revolutionary urban planning of Chandigarh, Le Corbusier's projects exemplify the International Style and Brutalism, blending functionality with aesthetic innovation. His architectural masterpieces, including the Unité d'Habitation and Notre Dame du Haut, reflect his commitment to creating harmonious living spaces that cater to human needs and aspirations.

This exploration highlights the architectural heritage and lasting influence of Le Corbusier's work, offering insights into his design philosophy and the enduring legacy of his contributions to modern architecture. Discover the genius of Le Corbusier and his role in shaping the built environment through this comprehensive study of his most significant projects.

1. PIONEER OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE
LE -CORBUSIER
DONE BY:
K.SRI LAKSHMI GAYATRI –18091AA053
ARCHITECTURE IS THE LEARNED
GAME,CORRECTED
AND MAGNIFICENT OF FORMS
ASSEMBLED IN THE LIGHT.

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIFE HISTORY
DESIGN PHILOSPHY
INFLUENCES
PRINCIPLES
AWARDS / ACHIEVEMENTS
IMPORTANT WORKS
DETAILED STUDY OF 2 BUILDINGS
CONLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
•Charles –Edouard Jeanneret –Gris also
known as Le Corbusier was a Swiss –born
French Architect.
•Born on October 6
th
1887.
•La Chaux de-Fonds, Switzerland.
•Although born in swiss, he lived most of
his life in France.
•In 1900,le –coubusier started his studies
at the ECOLE D’ART in his birth town.
•During World War I he came up with
Domino house.
•Died on August 26
th
1965.
•He was trained as an Engraver and Goldsmith.
•But from 1904,he began his studies in architecture.
•His works were a status for le –Corbusier
perfection.
•Undoubtedly one of the architect made him very
famous amongst his colleagues and began his
ascend towards legendary greatest architectural
minds of the 20
th
century, his unique approach
using reinforced concrete, separated him from
ordinary architects of his time.

4. EARLY LIFE AND CAREER
•He was attracted to the visual arts and studied at the Art School in Paris.
•His architecture teacher in the school was the architect L'E PLATTENIER who had a large
influence on Le –Corbusier’s earliest house designs.
•In 1906 he made his first trip outside of Switzerland, going to Italy in search of employment.
•In 1907 –He travelled to Paris, worked under Auguste Perrete, the French Pioneer of
reinforced concrete.
•In 1908 –studied architecture at Viennawith Jossef.
•He was attracted to visual arts.
•He was an architect,designer,painter,urban
planner,writer and one of the pioneers of what
is now called modern architecture.
•In architecture ,he chiefly built with steel and
reinforced concrete and worked with
elemental geometric forms.
•Between October 1910 –1911, he worked near
BERLIN for the re-owned architect PETER
BEHRENS.

5. EARLY LIFE AND CAREER
Until the end of the first world war he worked in Switzerland.
In this project, he worked on the theoretical architectural studies using modern techniques.
Among all the projects, the DOMINO HOUSE which was popular in between the years in 1914-
1915.
Later, he began his own ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE IN 1922.
•With the help of his cousin, PIERRE JEANNERET –they worked for 50 years.
•They established a new artistic movement in collaboration with CUBIST PAINTER.
•After world war II, le –Corbusier attempted to start planning hisurban planning
schemeson a small scale by CONSTRUCYING A SERIES UNITES in France.
•The UNITED HABITATION was the most famous in MARSEILLES{1946-1952}.

6. CONTRIBUTION TO ARCHITECTURE
•He was a pioneer of modernism in architecture and laid foundation to what is known as
BAUHAUS movement or international style.
•He is known for innovation in URBAN PLANNING and his solutions for LOW INCOME
HOUSING.
•During his life time he had projects in RUSSIA, India and Europe and two are in the USA
too.
•He formed the FIVE POINTS of architecture which were the guiding principles for many
architects.

7. •Five principles of architecture
proposed by le –Corbusier
•Dedicatedly followed in most of
his buildings
•Use of pure geometrical forms
•Architecture responsive to
context
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

8. INFLUENCES
•Le –Corbusier was influenced by the ideas of building designs ofFRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT works.
•The AEG works by PETER BEHRENS, the concrete,glassand steel designs of WALTER
GROPIUS.
•He saw this system as a continuation of the long tradition of VITRUVIUS.
•They basically wanted to show the proportions of the human body to improve the
appearance, aesthetics and function of architecture.

9. PRINCIPLES
PILOTIS: It is to raise the building of the ground to
let nature move under the building footprint.
It is grid of columns to replace load bearing
walls.
FREE PLAN : This allows the division of rooms to be
placed with the absence of load –bearing walls
to create more free spaces.
FREE FAÇADE : It provides more lightning to
rooms by increasing light and removes the
possibility of dark spaces.
It also separates the exterior part of the building
with the structural form.
HORIZONTAL WINDOWS : These are the windows
which are cut through non-bearing walls to
provide light and panoramic views.
ROOF GARDENS : A flat roof which is covered
with vegetation, which keeps moisture
consistent, gives fresh and cool air and regulates
temperature.

10. CONCEPT
MODULOR :
•The Modular is an anthropometric
scale of proportions devised by
CORBUSIER.
•The graphic representation of the
MODULOR, a stylized human figure
with one arm raised, stands next to
two vertical measurements.
•He attempted to discover
mathematical proportions in the
human body.
•This is based on the HUMAN
MEASUREMENT ,THE DOUBLE
UNIT,AND GOLDEN RATIO .
•LE –CORBUSIER described it as a
range of harmonious measurements
to suit the human scale, university
applicable to architecture and to
mechanical things.

11. AWARDS
•In 1937,le –Corbusier was named
CHEVALIER and received a legion of
honour.
•In 1945,he was promoted as an officer of
LEGION OF HONOUR.
•In 1952, he was promoted as a grand officer
of LEGION OF HONOUR.
•He received the FRANK P BROWN MEDAL in
1961.
•He was also awarded AIA GOLD MEDAL in
the same year.
•THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ALSO
AWARDED A DEGREE IN JUNE 1959.

12. FAMOUS WORKS
Villa Fallet
Villa StotzerVilla Jeanneret-Perret Villa Schwob
Villa SavoyePalace of Ministry of
National Education
and Public Health
Palace of JusticeCarpenter Center for the
Visual Arts

13. DETAILED STUDY OF 2 BUILDINGSS
1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD 2.SECRETARIAT BUILDING,CHANDIGARH

14. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

15. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

16. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

17. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

18. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

19. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

20. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

21. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

22. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD

23. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD
ROOF FORM
•Oval apertures are cut in the roof.
•When viewed from below, they mislead about cubical form of
house, and act as lens of sky
•Roof supported on rested columns and thus appears floating.
•A terrace garden at top to provide insulation.
•Roof is a parasol.
MATERIALS
• On site cast concrete
• Wooden framework
• Brick jalis
• Stone flooring

24. 1.SHODAN HOUSE,AHEMDABAD
CRITICAL
ANALYSIS
•There is an interesting play of light and
shadows
•Interior façade is revealed but not
overlapping of spaces
•All independent elements act in harmony
to create overall view
•House was called refined version of villa
savoye as it accepted nature beautifully

25. 2.SECRETARIAT BUILDING
•Location: CHANDIGARH
•Project year : 1953
•Architectural style : MODERN
ARCHITECTURE
•Architect : AR.LE –CORBUSIER
•The very large building 254m long and
42 m high houses the ministerial
chamber and all ministerial agencies.
•It is marks the edge of Capitol
Complex on the left side.
•The building is composed of 68 storied
blocks separated by expansion joints
and bears close resemblance to the
Marseilles apartment block, one
•Of Corbusier’s earlier projects.

26. 2.SECRETARIAT BUILDING
1.PARLIAMENT
2.SECRETARIANT OFFICE
3.GOVERNMENT OF PALACE
4.PALACE OF JUSTICE
5.THE TOWER OF SHODANS
6.THE MARTY’S MEMORIAL
7.CLUB
8.THE ARTIFICIAL LAKE
9.SANCTIONS

27. 2.SECRETARIAT BUILDING

28. LANDSCAPE
•The top of the building is developed as a roof garden
containing the service blocks and cafeteria for
employees.
•Le –Corbusier planned a garden for the capitol
building known as RAJENDRA PARK which is also used
by the employee of secretariat building.
•Originally, due to the trimix flooring in the whole
capitol complex, the scope of landscaping has
reduced to an extent.
PLANS OF THE
SECRETARIAT BUILDING
•The secretariat building has a linear planning.
•The elevation looks exactly the same from both the
faces because of its planning.
•It is the horizontally the longest planned building in the
Chandigarh city.

29. 2.SECRETARIAT BUILDING
•The circulation of over 6,000 employees is aided by a
system of elevators.
•Approach t the building is through roadways below
ground level to a large parking area in front of the
central parking
•Area in front of the central block, and a floor is left
open at this level to form an entrance hall as a spiral
staircase.
•block 1 and 2 rises directly from the ground.
•Block 3 ,4 and part of 5 face on the excavated area
of the parking lot and have the lower storey open
between pilotis.
•For the rest part of block 5 and whole of 6 the levels
goes till plaza height, and lower portion of these
blocks are left
•open to a height of two storyes.
•For supplementary communication within the building,
each of six blocks is equipped with interior stairways
and limited elevator service.
•Horizontal circulation is by means of a central
corridors.

30. SPECIFICATIONS
•The first design for the SECRETARIAT presents the building as a tall, thin
slab carrying aa surface brise soleil divided by a central horizontal
band.
•The design which was accepted established the building form as a
long, horizontal concrete slab.
•The SECRETARIAT, longest building in CHANDIGARH, 254m long, 42m
high forms the administrative center, with ministerial offices grouped in
the center and
•Offices for employees arranged on either side.
•The building was completed in 1958.
•The building is composed of 68storey blocks separated by expansion
joints.
•The central pavilion, block 4, contains the office of the ministers.
•The top of the building is developed as a roof garden containing the
service blocks and cafeteriafor the employees.
•The plastic emphasis is given to the building by free standing exterior
ramp wall.
•For supplementary communication within the building, each of the six
block is equipped with interior stairways and limited elevator service.
•Horizontal service is by means of central corridors.
•For minister’s block the bay size is increased and the college is
thickened.

31. SPECIFICATIONS
•The height of the basic office style was determined by the
modular to be 3.66m under the transforms with a doubling of
proportions in ministerial chambers
•In the center of the building is an excavation one storey
deep where the main entrance is placed.
•Climate control in this building, with the enormous bands of
glazing, is achieved by the provision of adjustable aerators
set behind wire mesh.
•The undulatory glass panels are well protected against the
sun and rain by a grill of brise soleil on the two main facades.
•Corbusier’s system of louvers to protect windows from
inclement weather has not provided to be very efficient.
•During the summer months, they absorb the sun’s heat and
transmit it to the interior.
•As a result of shortage of space, every conceivable areas on
the balconies has been converted into offices. The fixed
concrete brise soleil appeared visually not as
•An applied screen but as a part of building fabric itself and
pattern of sun breakers was altered to emphasize the varying
uses within the building.

32. •The secretariat building avoids overshadowingthe capitol as
a whole with its bulk size.
•Instead, it plays a unifying role in the complex, which is
symbolic of its administrative function.
•The secretariat was among the first buildings designed as a
HEALTHY BUILDING with careful attention paid to NATURAL
LIGHTING,VENTILATION,AND ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY .
•Over 800 feet long, the extensive façade of the building
gives a sculptural aesthetic with exposed concrete ramps,
puncturedwith small square windows dictating the front and
rear views.
•The building is composed of six-eight–story block divided by
expansion joints and measures over 800 feet long, bookend
by two sculptural ramps providing vertical
•Circulation throughout the facilities levels.
•To maximize natural lighting and increase cross –ventilation,
a long and narrow plan was implemented by CORBUSIER, this
approach also helped delineate both the actual and the
implied borders of the capitol complex as a whole.
SPECIFICATIONS

33. •It is a REINFORCED FRAMED SRUCTURE , separated by FIVE
EXPANSION JOINT into six distinct bays.
•Five of the bays are almost identical where as the one
containing the double height offices of ministers, has been
designed to provide a background benefiting the dignity of
the elected representatives of the people.
•Corbusier marks the minister’s section with brise soleil
composition.
•Corbusier also used this uniform façade structure of floor slabs
with external support and detached balcony walls in central
building in the city.
•The building is oriented to obtain the maximum benefit of the
wind direction for effective cross ventilation and provide an
unobstructed view of the SHIVALIK HILL as well of the
Perspective of the city.
BUILDING DESIGN AND MATERIAL

34. THANK YOU !