Edward personal preference scales

American psychologist Henry Murray developed a theory of personality that was organized in terms of motives, and needs. Murray described a need as a potentiality or readiness to respond in a certain way under certain given circumstances.
Theories of personality based upon needs and motives suggest that our personalities are a reflection of behaviors controlled by needs.

1. EDWARD PERSONAL PREFERENCE SCHEDULE

2. INTRODUCTION . EPPS was developed by psychologist ,Allen L. Edward , who was also the professor of university of Washington in 1953.

3. CONT..... . This test can be used for people within 16-85 yrs and takes about 45 mins to complete.

4. Murray's Theory of Psychogenic Needs American psychologist Henry Murray developed a theory of personality that was organized in terms of motives, and needs. Murray described a need as a potentiality or readiness to respond in a certain way under certain given circumstances. Theories of personality based upon needs and motives suggest that our personalities are a reflection of behaviors controlled by needs .

5. TEST FORMAT

6. 15 TEST FORMAT Acheivement --- A need to accomplish tasks well. Deferance -------A need to conform to customs and defer to others. Order ------------A need to plan well and be organized. Exhibition ----- A need to be the centre of attention in a group. Autonomy --- A need to be free of responsibilities and obligations. Affiliation ----A need to form strong friendships and attachments.

7. CONT......... Intraception ----A need to analyse behaviours and feelings of others. Succorance —A need to receive support and attention from others. Dominance —A need to be a leader and influence others. Abasement —A need to accept blame for problems and confess errors to others. Nurturance - a need to be of assistance to others. Change ---A need to seek new experiences and avoid routine.

8. CONT............ Endurance —A need to follow through on tasks and complete assignments. Heterosexuality —A need to be associated with and attractive to members of opposite sex. Aggression - A need to express ones opinion and be critical of others.

9. TEST CONSISTENCY The inventory consists of 225 pairs of statements in which items from each of the 15 scales are paired with items from the other 14 plus the other fifteen pair of items for the optional consistency check. This leaves the total number of items at 210. Edward has used the last 15 items to offer the candidate the same item twice, using the results to calculate a consistency score.  

10. USES The EPPS is primarily used for personal counseling but, can also be used as a recruitment tool . It has been hypothesized that personality needs have a significant impact upon eventual occupational placement. The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) was designed to provide researchers in Career development with a quick and convenient measure of a number of relatively independent personality variables, or needs.

11. ADVANTAGES The EPPS was designed to illustrate relative importance to the individual of several significant needs & motives

12. RELIABILITY T he inter-correlation of the variables measured by EPPS are quite low. It indicates that the variables being measured are relatively independent and the schedule is quite low.

13. CONCLUSION The EPPS has been published for a long period of time through The Psychological Corporation, now known as  Harcourt Assessment . In 2002 the worldwide publishing rights have been returned by Harcourt to the Allen L. Edwards Living Trust. Internationally there is a translation in Dutch, which has been published in the Netherlands legally until 2002 (by Harcourt Test Publishers). There is also a translation into Japanese, published in 1970 by Nihon Bunka Kagakusha , Tokyo. The EPPS is translated into Spanish in 2014 in Mexico.

14. BIBLIOGRAPHY  Educational Testing Services. (1992). "The ets test collection catalog:Affective measures and personality tests", Arizona: Oryx Press. Kaplan , R. M., & Saccuzzo , D. P. (2009). "Psychological testing: Principles, appoications , and issues" (7th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth  Cherry, Kendra. (2012). "Murray's theory of psychogenic needs". Retrieved November 21, 2012, from  http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/psychogenic.htm  Edwards Personal Preference Schedule EPPS. ( n.d .) Retrieved November 21, 2012 from  http://www.scribd.com/doc/40156050/The-Edwards-Personal-Preference-Schedule . Cps.nova . edu / cpphelp /EPPS.html 6. . https:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwards-personal- preferance -schedule