Electric Flux & Gauss’ Law.pptx

Slides for the Discussion of Electric Flux and Gauss's Law for Grade 12 Physics 1 in the Philippines.

1. Electric Flux & Gauss’ Law

2. Electric Flux Consider an electric field that is uniform in both magnitude and direction. The field lines penetrate a rectangle surface area A , whose plane is oriented perpendicular to the field .

3. Electric Flux Therefore, the total number of lines penetrating the surface is proportional to the product of E and A (E x A) This product of the magnitude of the electric field E and surface area A, is what we call Electric Flux. Φ E = EA

4. Electric Flux The electric flux ( Φ) is proportional to the number of electric field lines penetrating some surface. Φ E = EA ↑ E → ↑ Φ E , ↑ A → ↑ Φ E , and ↑ E ↑ A → ↑ Φ E

5. Electric Flux If the surface under consideration is not perpendicular to the field, we use the formula: Where: E - Electric Field Lines A - Surface Area

6. Electric Flux θ is the angle between and

7. Electric Flux A flat surface in a uniform electric field. The electric flux through the surface equals the scalar product of the electric field area.

8. Electric Flux

9. Electric Flux Flux through a surface of fixed area has a maximum value when the surface is perpendicular to the field. Flux is less than maximum but more than minimum when the surface is tilted with some angle. Flux is zero when the surface is parallel to the field.

10. Flux of a Non-Uniform Electric Field If the electric field is not uniform but varies from point to point over the area A, then we divide A into many small elements dA.

11. Flux of a Non-Uniform Electric Field

12. Flux through a closed surface A closed surface is defined as the surface that divides space into an inside and outside region so that one cannot move from one region to the other without crossing the surface.

13. Flux through a closed surface

14. Flux through a closed surface