Electrical Generation Lecture No, (1).pdf

Since the end of the
nineteenth century virtually all
buildings are provided with electric
lightings installation for use at night.
With the advent of fluorescent lamp
that is compatible with daylight,
cheap to run and not emitting heat
gain in buildings, it made possible to
install electric lighting supplementing
day light and in extreme cases
provide the only source of light in a
windowless environment.
Lead Casing Wire
In this system of wiring, the wiring procedure is same except the wire used in VIR covered with an outer sheath made of lead-aluminum alloy It is used in houses and industrial wiring. It has good mechanical protection and possibility of fire is less.
The first use of electric supply were
established in 1882 by Thomas Edison,
Thereafter there have been constant effort
throughout the world to set-up power
stations for more than one purposes.
Electricity generation is the
process of generating electric power
from sources of primary energy.
For utilities in the electric power
industry, it is the stage prior to its
delivery (transmission,
distribution, etc.) to end users or its
storage Consumable electricity is not
freely available in nature, so it must be
"produced", transforming other
forms of energy to electricity.

1. Lecture No 1: Introduction to Electricity Power
University of Bahri
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture
3rd Year 5th Semester
Course Name: Services System II
Course Instructor: Dr. Fadlelmola Abdalbasit
Jan 2025

2. Introduction
Sincetheendofthe
nineteenthcenturyvirtuallyall
buildingsareprovidedwithelectric
lightingsinstallationforuseatnight.
Withtheadventoffluorescentlamp
thatiscompatiblewithdaylight,
cheaptorunandnotemittingheat
gaininbuildings,itmadepossibleto
installelectriclightingsupplementing
daylightandinextremecases
providetheonlysourceoflightina
windowlessenvironment.

3. Introduction
•Thefirstuseofelectricsupplywere
establishedin1882byThomasEdison,
Thereaftertherehavebeenconstanteffort
throughouttheworldtoset-uppower
stationsformorethanonepurposes.

4. Introduction

5. Electricity

6. Electricity General System

7. Electricitygeneration
Electricitygenerationisthe
processofgeneratingelectricpower
fromsourcesofprimaryenergy.
Forutilitiesintheelectricpower
industry,itisthestagepriortoits
delivery(transmission,
distribution,etc.)toendusersorits
storageConsumableelectricityisnot
freelyavailableinnature,soitmustbe
"produced",transformingother
formsofenergytoelectricity.

8. 1-Hydraulicturbine
Hydraulicturbine'includesthe
generationofelectricityfromaplantin
whichtheturbinegeneratorsare
drivenbyflowingwater.

9. 2-Windpowerturbine
Windpowerturbine'includes
thegenerationofelectricityata
powerplantinwhichtheprime
moverisawindturbine.Electric
powerisgeneratedbytheconversion
ofwindpowerintomechanical
energy.

10. 3-Tidalpowerturbine
Tidalpowerturbine'includesthe
generationofelectricityataplantin
whichtheturbinegeneratorsare
drivenbyrushingwater.

11. 4-Solar
Solar'includeselectricity
createdbyusingPhotovoltaic
(PV)technologybyconverting
solarenergyintosolar
electricityfromsunlight.

12. 5-Thermal
Theothermethodincludes
fuels(Coal,dieselorgas)tofire
boilersandpassstreamand
generateelectricitythrough
generators.

13. Sub-Station
Substationisapartofan
electricalgeneration,transmission,
and distributionsystem,
wherevoltageistransformedfrom
hightolow,orlowtohigh,ormany
otherimportantfunctions.
Electricpowermayflowthrough
severalsubstationsbetween
generatingplantandconsumer,
andmaybechangedinvoltagein
severalsteps.

14. Sub-station Layout
A:Primary power lines' side
1.Primary power lines
2.Ground wire
3.Overhead lines
4.Transformer for measurement of electric
voltage
5.Disconnect switch
6.Circuit breaker
7.Current transformer
8.Lightning arrester
B: Secondary power lines' side
7.Current transformer
8.Lightning arrester
9.Main transformer
10.Control building
11.Security fence
12.Secondary power lines

15. Transmission
Atransformercanaccept
energyatonevoltageanddeliver
itatanothervoltage.Thispermits
electricalenergytobegenerated
atrelativelylowvoltagesand
transmittedathighvoltagesand
lowcurrents,thusreducingline
lossesandvoltagedrop.

16. Location of Transformer
•Locationofthetransformerisvery
importantasfarasdistributionlossis
concerned.TransformerreceivesHT
voltagefromthegridandstepsitdown
totherequiredvoltage.
•Transformersshouldbeplacedcloseto
theloadcentre,consideringother
featureslikeoptimizationneedsfor
centralizedcontrol,operational
flexibilityetc.Thiswillbringdownthe
distributionlossincables.

17. TypesofTransformers
Transformersareclassifiedastwocategories:powertransformersanddistribution
transformers.
•Powertransformersareusedintransmissionnetworkofhighervoltages,
deployedforstep-upandstepdowntransformerapplication(400kV,200kV,
110kV,66kV,33kV)
•Distributiontransformersareusedforlowervoltagedistributionnetworksasa
meanstoenduserconnectivity.(11kV,6.6kV,3.3kV,440V,230V)

18. Thanks..