ELS-Q1-M8-Nature & process of Metamorphism.pptx

The metamorphosis of rocks refers to the process of metamorphism, where existing rocks undergo transformation due to intense heat, pressure, and chemical processes within the Earth’s crust. This process changes the mineral composition, texture, and structure of the original rock without melting it.

Types of Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism

Occurs when rocks come into contact with magma or lava.
The heat from the molten material alters the surrounding rocks.
Example: Limestone turns into marble.
Regional Metamorphism

Happens over large areas, typically during mountain-building events where rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature.
Common in convergent plate boundaries.
Example: Shale transforms into schist or gneiss.
Dynamic Metamorphism

Occurs along fault lines due to intense pressure from the movement of tectonic plates.
Leads to highly deformed rocks, sometimes creating mylonite.
Metamorphic Rock Formation Process
Protolith: The original rock (which can be igneous, sedimentary, or even a previous metamorphic rock).

Example: Shale, a sedimentary rock, can transform into slate.
Heat and Pressure: As the protolith is buried deeper or affected by tectonic processes, it is subjected to high heat and pressure without melting.

Recrystallization: Minerals rearrange into new structures, forming new minerals or larger crystal grains.

Examples of Metamorphic Rocks
Marble: From limestone.
Quartzite: From sandstone.
Slate: From shale.
Schist: From slate or mudstone.
Gneiss: From granite or sedimentary rocks under extreme pressure.
Significance of Metamorphism in Earth Science
Geological clues: Metamorphic rocks reveal information about tectonic processes and Earth's history.
Economic importance: Some valuable minerals like garnet, graphite, and talc form in metamorphic environments.

1. METAMORPHISM 1 . Describe the changes in mineral components and texture of rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature (metamorphism). 2. Identify rock samples based on the effects of changes on temperature and pressure. 3. Analyze through a diagram on how temperature and pressure affect the mineral components and texture of rocks.

2. METAMORPHISM Metamorphism is the change that takes place within a body of rock as a result of it being subjected to conditions that are different from those in which it is formed. It is from the Greek word “meta” means change and “ morphe ” means form.

3. METAMORPHIC ROCK is formed at the surface of the Earth through the process of metamorphism with recrystallization of minerals in rocks due to changes in pressure and temperature conditions.

4. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

5. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

6. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

7. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

8. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

9. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.

10. MAIN FACTORS The three main factors/agents of metamorphism include heat, pressure and chemically active fluids.