ELS-W3-L1-Sources-of-Earths-Internal-Heat.pptx

Grade 11 Lesson 1
Erath And Life Science Subject

1. EARTH AND Grenice villamor palermo Subject Teacher LIFE SCIENCE

2. what to do during our classes 1. Listen. 2. Participate. 3. Take down notes.

3. objectives describe the sources of Earth’s internal heat; differentiate the methods of Earth’s internal heat transfer; and discuss the importance of Earth’s internal heat to life on the surface.

4. chemical layers of the earth and physical

5. 1. Of the chemical layers of the Earth, I am made up of mostly silicon and oxygen. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

6. 2. Of the chemical layers of the Earth, I am the outermost layer of the planet. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

7. 3. Of the chemical layers of the Earth, I am made up of iron and nickel. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

8. 4. Of the chemical layers of the Earth, I am the middle layer. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

9. 5. I am the hottest chemical layer of the Earth. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

10. 6. Of the physical layers of the Earth, I am where the tectonic plates are found. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

11. 7. Of the physical layers of the Earth, the rigid lower mantle belongs to me. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

12. 8. Of the physical layers of the Earth, I have the rocks that are said to be plastic. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

13. 9. Of the physical layers of the Earth, I am made up of iron and nickel but I become solid because of too much pressure. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

14. 10. Of the physical layers of the Earth, I am made up of iron and nickel but I appear to be liquid. Chemical: crust, mantle, core Physical: lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core

15. crust types: oceanic and continental composition: silicates temperature: negative to 400°C

16. mantle composition: silicates, Fe, Mg - temperature: 500°C to 4000°C

17. core composition: Fe, Ni - temperature: 4000°C to 5400°C

18. lithosphere location: crust and uppermost part of mantle characteristic: rigid

19. asthenosphere location: rest of the upper mantle characteristic: plastic (solid but can flow)

20. mesosphere location: lower mantle characteristic: rigid

21. outer core location: upper part of core characteristic: liquid

22. inner core location: lower part of core characteristic: solid

23. SOURCES of Earth’s internal heat module 3 lesson 1

24. SOURCES OF EARTH’S INTERNAL HEAT Primordial Heat or residual heat the heat generated during the time a planet was forming and accreting two main components: accretion heat and frictional heat

25. accretion heat

26. frictional heat

27. SOURCES OF EARTH’S INTERNAL HEAT Radiogenic Heat the heat given off when radioactive elements in the Earth’s interior undergoes decay

28. heat transfer in the earth’s interior Methods of Heat Transfer conduction convection radiation

29. Heat Transfer Heat transfer is when heat moves from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature. Most scientists call heat as thermal energy. Heat transfer can occur through conduction, convection, and radiation.

30. How would you differentiate the heat transfer in the Earth’s surface and beneath the Earth's surface?

31. How would you differentiate the heat transfer in the Earth’s surface and beneath the Earth's surface?

32. The Earth’s surface is primarily heated by the energy from the Sun through radiation. However, talking about from the inside of our planet, heat transfer is primarily through conduction and convection.

33. How does conduction transfers heat from one object to another?

34. Conduction occurs more readily in solids and liquids, where the particles are closer together, than in gases, where particles are further apart. When two objects touch, the hotter object transfers its heat to the cooler object.

35. In the Earth’s interior, the solid inner core (the hottest layer) transfers its heat to the liquid outer core. Heat also is transferred this way from the upper mantle to the crust and onto the surface.

36. b. Convection Convection dominates the thermal conditions in the zones where large quantities of fluids (molten rocks) exist. Convection involves transfer of heat by the movement of mass, which is a more efficient means of heat transport in the Earth compared to pure conduction.

37. Convection occurs in the outer core. It also happens in the upper and lower mantle where rocks are solid but behave as a viscous fluid (thick or sticky: not flowing easily). They have the ability to flow at an extremely slow rate due to the pressure of the weight above them. (No, mantle is not made up of magma.)

38. Convection in the mantle is the same as convection in a pot of water on a stove. Convection currents within Earth’s mantle form as material near the core heats up. As the core heats the bottom layer of mantle material, particles move more rapidly, decreasing its density and causing it to rise.

39. The rising material begins the convection current. When the warm material reaches the surface, it spreads horizontally. The material cools because it is no longer near the core. It eventually becomes cool and dense enough to sink back down into the mantle. At the bottom of the mantle, the material travels horizontally and is heated by the core. It reaches the location where warm mantle material rises, and the mantle convection cell is complete.

40. Mantle convection (hotter molten rocks rises and cooler molten rocks sinks) is the result of heat transfer from the core to the base of the lower mantle and it occurs at rates of centimeters per year. It is an essential feature to the movement of tectonic plate because the heat builds up pressure underneath the crust (Tectonic plates). As they become unstable, they push against each other (subduction) and rise upwards or one goes under the other.

41. Is Earth’s internal heat important to us?