Energy production in Cells: Cellular Respiration Overview

Explore the process of cellular respiration, where cells generate energy from glucose. This overview covers the major stages: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, highlighting how cells produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

1. CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
1
THANDO ALICIA NDLOVU 222043985
TEACHING STUDIES 3B

2. THIS POWERPOINT
COVERS THE
FOLLOWING
1.DEFINITION AND EQUATION OF
CELLULAR RESPIRATION.
2.STAGES OF CELLULAR
RESPIRATION.
3.DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AEROBIC
AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION.
4.SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS

3. WHAT IS CELLULAR RESPIRATION?
•Cellular respiration is the process that
occurs in the mitochondrion, whereby cells
break down glucose (and sometimes other
food molecules) in the presence of oxygen
to release energy in the form of ATP. It is
basically complimentary to photosynthesis.
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4. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF
CELLULAR RESPIRATION?
•The main purpose of cellular respiration is
to convert the chemical energy stored in
food into a usable form of energy called
ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is the
“energy currency” of the cell, meaning it
powers all the cell’s activities such as
movement, growth, repair, and transport of
materials.
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5. HOW CAN WE REPRESENT THIS
CELLULAR RESPIRATION USING AN
EQUATION?
•Glucose(C6H12O6) + Oxygen(O2)→
Carbon dioxide(CO2)+ Water(H2O) +
ATP (energy)
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6. CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS DIVIDED
INTO THE FOLLOWING THREE SUB-
PROCESSES
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Glycolysis
The Krebs
Cycle
(Citric Acid
Cycle)
The
Electron
Transport
Chain

7. 1.GLYCOLYSIS
•Location: Cytoplasm (outside the mitochondria)
• What happens:
✓One molecule of glucose (6 carbons) is broken down
into two molecules of pyruvate (3 carbons each).
✓A small amount of ATP is made (net 2 ATP).NADH (an
electron carrier) is produced and will be used later.
Glycolysis does not require oxygen (it’s anaerobic).
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8. 1. GLYCOLSIS
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THIS PROCESS IS BEST
REPRESENTED USING A
FLOW DIAGRAM ON THE
LEFT

9. 2. THE KREBS CYCLE
•Location: Mitochondrial matrix (the fluid inside mitochondria)
What happens:
✓Each pyruvate (from glycolysis) is broken down completely into
carbon dioxide (CO₂).
✓A small amount of ATP is made (2 ATP per glucose).
✓Many electron carriers (NADH and FADH₂) are produced to
carry high-energy electrons to the next stage.
✓This stage releases CO₂ as a waste product (which we breathe
out).
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10. THE KREBS
CYCLE

11. 3. THE ELECTRON TRANSPORT
CHAIN
•Location: Inner mitochondrial membrane (the folded cristae)
What happens:
✓NADH and FADH₂ release their high-energy electrons. As
electrons pass along the chain, energy is used to pump protons
(H⁺) and build a gradient.
✓Oxygen is the final electron acceptor, combining with H⁺ to
form water (H₂O).Lots of ATP is made here (about 32–34 ATP).
✓This is why oxygen is essential – without it, the ETC stops, and
the cell can’t make enough energy.
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12. AEROBIC VS ANAEROBIC CELLULAR
RESPIRATION.
AEROBIC ANAEROBIC
•Needs oxygen •No oxygen needed
•Happens in mitochondria •Happens in cytoplasm
•Glucose is fully broken down •Glucose is only partly broken down
•Makes a lot of energy (±36 ATP) •Makes little energy (2 ATP)
•End products: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
+ Water (H₂O)
•End products:
➢In animals → Lactic acid (causes
cramps)
➢In yeast/plants → Alcohol + Carbon
dioxide
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13. SUMMARY OF KEY POINTS
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•Cellular respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose
in the presence of oxygen to release energy in the form of ATP.
•It produces carbon dioxide and water as by-products. This process is
the opposite of photosynthesis, which uses carbon dioxide, water, and
sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen.
•Together, photosynthesis and cellular respiration form a cycle that
keeps energy and carbon flowing through ecosystems: plants provide
food and oxygen, while animals and other organisms release carbon
dioxide and water back into the environment for plants to use again.

14. REFERENCE LIST
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FOR SLIDES:
Aswarthagari, H. R. (2016). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cellular-respiration-64528214/64528214
Caleni, N. (2021). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cellular-
respiration-247393863/247393863
Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma. (2011). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cellular-respiration-7359048/7359048
Dr. Dinesh C. Sharma. (2008). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cellular-respiration-769191/769191

15. REFERENCE LIST
15
FOR SLIDES:
emanz, c. (2015). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/conan_emanz/cellular-respiration-51263979
Hugo, M. J. (2017). Cellular respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/cellular-respiration-79164390/79164390
mathew, v. (2014). 09 lecture cell respiration [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare.
https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/09-lecture-cellrespiration/43264484
FOR PICTURES: (All from PINTEREST)
•Cover page- https://pin.it/5YAldqWaO
•Slide 2- https://pin.it/2gzDxRA5n
•Slide 8- https://pin.it/25UklTxCJ
•Slide 10- https://pin.it/257hE9zvb

16. THANK YOU
If you have any questions find me at:
Thando Alicia Ndlovu
https://about.me/thandoalicia
082 393 1389
[email protected]