Engineering Graphics - Unit 1.pptx ellipse

Engineering graphics

1. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM Presented by B.Dhanunjai rao M.Tech - Ass istant Professor & HOD Civil Engineering Department MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM

2. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

3. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

4. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

5. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

6. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

7. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

8. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

9. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

10. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

11. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

12. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

13. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

14. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

15. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

16. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

17. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DRAWING INSTRUMENTS Drawing board Mini-drafter Card sheet (A1 size) Drawing sheet (A2 size) Pencil (2H, H and HB) Compass Divider Protractor Ruler (scale) French curves Set- squares Eraser or rubber Drawing clips Pencil cutter Handkerchief

18. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SHEET LAYOUT

19. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM LETTERING

20. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM LETTERING

21. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM USE OF INSTRUMENTS

22. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM USE OF INSTRUMENTS

23. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM DIMENSIONING

24. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS To bisect a given straight line

25. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS To bisect a given arc

26. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

27. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

28. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

29. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

30. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

31. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

32. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTIONS & POLYGONS

33. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

34. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

35. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

36. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

37. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

38. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

39. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

40. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

41. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES Cycloidal curves are generated by a point lying on the circumference of a circle, when it rolls along a fixed straight or curved path without slipping. The circle which rolls is called the rolling circle, or generating circle, and the fixed straight line or the circle on which it rolls is called the directing line or the directing circle. A cycloid is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls along a fixed straight line without slipping. A Trochoid is a curve generated by a point fixed to a circle, within or outside its circumference, as the circle rolls along a straight line. An epicycloid is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls along another circle outside it, without slipping. A hypocycloid is a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls along another circle and inside it, without slipping.

42. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

43. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

44. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

45. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

46. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

47. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

48. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

49. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

50. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

51. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES An involute is a curve traced out by an end of a thread, when it is unwound from a circle or a polygon, the thread being kept tight.

52. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

53. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

54. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

55. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM CONIC SECTIONS & SPECIAL CURVES

56. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES The word ‘ scale’ usually employs for an instrument used for drawing or measuring the length of a straight line. Full Scale (1:1) Reduced Scale (1:5) Enlarged Scale (10:1) Representative Fraction (R.F) = 𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒓𝒂𝒘𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒍𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒆 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕 10mm = 1cm 10cm = 1decimetre 10decimetre = 1m 10m = 1decametre 10decametre = 1hectametre 10hectametre = 1km 1inch=2.54cm 12inches=1foot 3feet=1yard

57. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES The data required for the construction of a plain , a diagonal or a Vernier scale are as follows: RF of the scale. The maximum length which the scale can measure. Least count of the scale, i.e., minimum length which the scale can measure. The following steps are required in construction of all types of scales except the scale of chords. Determine the value of R.F. Calculate the length of scale as Ls = R.F. x Maximum length. It is usually expressed in cm. Actual drawing of the scale.

58. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES Plain Scale : A plain scale is used to represent two consecutive units, i.e. a unit and its subdivision. For example (a) metre and decimetre, (b) kilometre and hectometre, (c) feet and inches, etc. The second unit of the scale should be such that it can comfortably divide the first unit. In every scale, The zero should be placed at the end of the first main division, i.e. between the unit and its sub- divisions. From the zero mark, the units should be numbered to the right and its sub- divisions to the left. The names of the units and the sub- divisions should be stated clearly below or at the respective ends. The name of the scale (e.g. scale, 1 : 10) or its R.F. should be mentioned below the scale.

59. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

60. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

61. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES Diagonal Scale: A diagonal scale is used to represent three consecutive units, i.e., a unit and its immediate two sub divisions. For example, (a) metre, decimetre and centimetre (b) kilometre, hectometre and decametre, (c) yards, feet and inches, etc. Diagonal scale can measure more accurately than a plain scale.

62. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

63. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

64. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

65. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

66. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES Vernier Scale: Vernier scales, like diagonal scales, are used to read to a very small unit with great accuracy. A Vernier scale consists of two parts - a primary scale and a Vernier.

67. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

68. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

69. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM SCALES

70. Engineering Graphics MIRACLE EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS BHOGAPURAM Thank Y ou