Engler And Prantl Classification.pdf

Engler and prantl classification

1. OUTLINE OF ENGLER
AND PRANTL
CLASSIFICATION
By:
Name: Prachi Biswas
Roll: 20203038
Sem: 4
th
Semester(Botany)
Sub : Plant Systematics
Assigned by : D.K. Patel

2. •Englerand Prantlare names associated with a system
published in 1886 which classifies entire plant kingdom.
•Englerlooked upon the monocots as a primitive group and
put them first in the list. Engler'ssystem is more important
because it aims to arrange the plants with an evolutionary
bias.
•It is often claimed that this was the first of the
phylogenetic systems. Englerand Prantl'ssystem is widely
followed in Europe and in certain parts of the US.
INTRODUCTION

3. Outline and basis of classification

4. Outline and basis of classification
Plant Kingdom has been divided into 13 Divisions.
Divisions 1 to 12 dealing with Bacteria, different types of Algae, Fungi, Bryophytes, and
Pteridophytes.
The 13th Division is named as EmbryophytaSiphonogamiawhich includes all seed producing
plants.
It is divided into 2 sub-divisions :
i) Gymnospermae(naked ovules/seeds)
ii) Angiospermae(enclosed ovules/seeds)
Gymnospermaehas been divided into 7 orders, from Cycadofilicalesto Gnetales.
The sub-division Angiospermaedivided into two Classes
i) Monocotyledonae
ii) Dicotyledonae

5. Outline and basis of classification
Monocots divided into 11 Orders and 45 Families, First order is Pandanaleswhich possesses
naked, unisexual flowers with Typhaceaeas the Starting family.
The last order is Microspermaewith orchidaceaeas the last family.
Dicots are divided into 2 subclass namely: i) Archichlamydeae, and ii) Sympetalaeor
Metachlamydeae.
In Archichlamydeae, the flowers are achlamydousor mono/dichlamydous, but petals are
mostly free (polypetalous condition). In sympetalae, the petals are fused (gamopetalous).
Archichlamydeaehas 33 Orders and 206 Families. The first order being Verticillataeand
Casuarinaceaeas the starting family. The last order being Umbellifloraewith Cornaceaeas
the last family.
Sympetalaehas 11 Orders with 52 Families. The first Order being Ericaleswith Clethraceae
as the starting family. The last order is Campanulaleswith Asteraceaeas the last family.

6. ADVANTAGES
•First classification to incorporate evolutionary principles (Primitive groups followed by
advanced).
•The system deals with all groups of Plant-Kingdom -Bacteria, Algae, Fungi, Bryophyta,
Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.
•Gymnosperms treated as a separate group. Its position before Angiosperms is very accurate
and is in perfect accordance to the modem concept of evolution.
•The position of Asteraceae(Compositae) as the last family of Dicot is very logical and acurate
because it is the highest evolved family of Dicots.
•The position of Orchidaceaeat the end of Monocots is also very accurate as its the most
evolved family of monocots.
•Anatomical data were taken into consideration in this system of classification for the first time.

7. DISADVANTAGES
•Monocots considered primitive to Dicots which is not correct according to modern
evolutionary evidences.
•The concept of primitive flower (unisexual, achlamydous) is against the modern
concept of evolution.
•Combining Apetalousfamilies with Polypetalous families to form Archichlamydeae
is not desirable as it has resulted in the formation of a very large group 33 Orders
and 206 families.
•Angiosperms were considered nasa polyphyletic group, which is incorrect as per
modern phylogenetic data
•The system is not of much practical utility.