English Translation Methodology of Students

telling the method of translation

1. Megawati Basri , S.Pd. , M.Pd TRANSLATION METHODS --- Welcome to my presentation ---

2. Introduction Suryawinata (1989: 11) translation is displacing a message from source language into target language, the first way, expressing the meaning, secondly, and expressing language style. Newmark (1988: 45-47), he classifies methods of translation into eight categories, included : FIRST . 2ND 3RD 4TH . 5TH Word For Word Translation Literal Translation Faithful Translation Semantic Translation Adaptation Free Translation 6TH Idiomatic Translation 7TH Communicative Translation 8TH

3. 1. Word for Word Translation This method often demonstrated as interlinear translation, whereas the TL immediately below the SL words. The SL word- order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context . Example: I go to school I like that clever students Love at first sight

4. 2 . Literal Translation In this translation, the source language grammatical constructions are converted to nearest target language equivalents but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of the context. For example: The thief was sent to the person I love fried fish for lunch I need to get there as soon as possible

5. 3. Faithful Translation In faithful translation, it attempts to reproduce the precise contextual meaning of the original within the constraints of the target language grammatical structures. It transfers cultural words and preserves the degree of grammatical and lexical abnormality. It attempts to be completely faithful to the intentions and the next realization of the source language writer. For example Born without arms, he was sent to special school

6. 4. Adaption This method is the freest translation; it usually is used for plays comedies, poetry, the source language culture converted to the target language culture and the text rewritten . Example: Cinderella story was adapted into Bawang Merah Bawang Putih . The story was adapted by adjusting the cultural of the reader.

7. 5. Free Translation Free translation reproduces the content without the form of the original. The paraphrase much longer than the original text and it is called intra-lingual translation, sometimes prolix and pretentious and not translation it all. Larson (1984: 16) in Suryawinata and Hariyanto (2003: 44) free translation is an attempt to imitate the word and grammatical of target language. For example: SL: god with them TL: tuhan kuatir dengan mereka John’s novels sell well Novel karya John laku keras

8. 6. Semantic Translation Semantic translation prefers taking more account of the aesthetic value (the beautiful and natural sound) of the source language text. This translation is uncompromising and dogmatic and more flexible, admits the creative exception to 100% fidelity and allows from the translator’s intuitive empathy with the original. Suryawiyata and Hariyanto (2003: 53) give example the differences between literal translation, semantic translation and communicative translation, they are; For example: TL : The fate of the football team is like an egg on a horn (literal) The fate of the football team is dangerous (semantic) The football team is hanging on a thread (communicative) Semantic translation is personal and individual, it is follows the through process of the author, tends to over translate, it is normally inferior to its original.

9. 7. Idiomatic Translation Idiomatic translation reproduces the message of the original but tends to distort nuances of meaning by preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these do not exist in the original. TL: Barking dogs seldom bite SL: Anjing menggonggong kafilah berlalu The Rain likes cat and dog Hujan deras . Don’t put your eggs in one basket ( jangan berharap pada sesuatu ) When the going gets though, the tough get going ( jangan menyerah dengan mudah ) Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you ( jangan cari masalah , jika ada masalah , selesaikan )

10. 8. Communicative Translation Communicative translation is an attempt to divert the exact contextual meaning original in such a way that both content and language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to the readership. For example: TL: Keep of the grass I would admit that I am wrong . Actually, Communicative translation concentrates on the message and the main force of the text, tend to under translate, a communicative translation is often better than the original, social. Whereas, a semantic translation has to interpret, a communicative translation has to explain.

11. There is hope for everyone who thinks there is not. Because as long as your intentions are genuine, and you are consistently in touch with your creator, nothing except good will come your way. Be patient, the struggle may be bitter but the end result is always sweeter.