Environment health and safety management sysem

Environmental management system

1. Environment, Health and
Safety Management System
(EHSMS)
RANE Madras Limited, Velachery,
Chennai - 42

2. SCOPE
•Systematic framework for managing OH&S performance in our
organization
•Manage OH&S performance by ensuring continual improvement
•“Proactive” approach to OH&S Management
•Anticipate and prevent incidents
•Actions prior to risk being realized
•Eliminate or minimize risks to Employees and other Interested
parties
•Confirm with stated vision, policy, legal and other requirements
•Plan and prioritize improvements in OH&S in a rational manner

3. What is OHSAS 18001?
OHSAS 18001 is an International Standard for occupational
health and safety
OHSAS 18001 is an Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment Series for health and safety management systems.
It is intended to help an organization to control occupational
health and safety risks.
It is an ISO Standard, used in more than 70 countries, giving
requirements related to OH&S management systems.

4. Integration of OHSAS 18001 with ISO 14001
Since both the standard approaches based on PDCA cycle,
identifying environmental aspects and controlling the significant
aspects, identifying occupational health and safety hazards,
after evaluation controlling the risks, an integrated system leads
to benefits at less cost and time then an independent system.
Other benefits of Integrated Management Systems include:
Integrated Policy
One Document Control System
One Internal Audit Program
One Internal Corrective Action System
Integrated Management Reviews
Integrated Training and Communication

5. Integrated EHSMS Requirements:
1.General Requirements
2.EHS Policy
3.Planning
-Planning for environmental aspect evaluation, hazard identification,
risk assessment and determining controls
-Legal and other requirements
-Objectives, targets and programmes
4.Implementation and Operation
-Resources, Roles, Responsibilities, Accountability and Authority
-Competence, Training and Awareness
-Communication, Participation and Consultation
-Documentation
-Control of Documents
-Operational Control
-Emergency Preparedness and Response

6. Integrated EHSMS Requirements:
5. Checking
-Performance Measurement and Monitoring
-Evaluation of Compliance to Legal and other requirements
-Incident Investigation, Nonconformities, Corrective action and
Preventive actions
-Control of Records
-Internal Audit
6. Management Review
The concept of Hazard identification, Risk assessment and Determining risk controls

7. Terms and Definition:
Hazard
Source, situation or acts with a potential for harm in terms of human
injury or ill health or a combination of these.
Hazard Identification
Process of recognizing that a hazard exists and defining its
characteristics
Risk
Combination of the likelihood of an occurrence of a hazardous event of
exposure (s) and the severity of injury or ill health that can be caused
by the event or exposure (s)
Risk Assessment
Process of evaluating the risks arising form a hazard (s), taking into
account the adequacy of any existing controls, and deciding whether or
not the risk (s) is acceptable

8. Requirement of OSHAS 18001 Clause
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Determining Controls
The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure (s) for the ongoing hazard identification, risk
assessment, and determination of necessary controls. The
procedure (s) for hazard identification and risk assessment
shall take into account:
a)Routine and non-routine activities
b)Activities of all persons having access to the workplace
(including contractors and visitors)
c)Human behavior, capabilities and other human factors
d)Identified hazards originating outside the workplace capable of
adversely affecting the health and safety of persons under the
control of the organization within the workplace
e)Hazards created in the vicinity of the workplace by work-
related activities under the control of the organization.

9. Requirement of OSHAS 18001 Clause
f)f) Infrastructure, equipment and materials at the workplace,
whether provided by the organization or others;
g)g) Changes or proposed changes in the organization, its
activities, or materials;
h)h) Modifications to the OH&S management system, including
temporary changes, and their impacts on operations,
processes, and activities; any applicable legal obligations
relating to risk assessment and implementation of necessary
controls
i)The design of work areas, processes, installations,
machinery/equipment, operating procedures and work
organization, including their adaptation to human capabilities.

10. The organization’s methodology for hazard identification and risk
assessment shall:
a)Be defined with respect to its scope, nature and timing to
ensure it is proactive rather than reactive; and
b)Provide for the identification, prioritization and documentation of
risks, and the application of controls, as appropriate.
When determining controls, considering changes to existing
controls, consideration shall be given to reducing the risks
according to the following hierarchy:
1.Elimination
2.Substitution
3.Engineering controls
4.Signage/warnings and/or administrative controls;
5.Personal protective equipment

11. General Guideline for Risk Assessment
1. Basic steps in hazard identification and risk
assessment
The Process of Risk Assessment
Classify work activities
Identify hazards
Determine risk
Decide if risk is tolerable
Control of risk with additional action plan
Review adequacy of action plan

12. 2. Classification of work activities
Geographical areas
•Inside the plant bays
•Immediate plant precincts within the boundary
Production/Delivery of service
•Stages (Job breakdown)
•Activities that support production/delivery of services
Tasks
•Routine – planned, reactive work
•Non-routine/infrequent tasks
Clustering of activities
•Equipment/machine (s) – related activities
•Operative activities in the immediate surrounding of the
equipment/machine (s)
•Activities outside the plant but within the plant boundary

13. 3. Identification of hazards
Identify the Occupational
health hazards, safety
hazards due to the above
work activities. Describe the
hazard with available data
and information
Types of OH&S
Hazards – Legend
Chemical CH
Mechanical ME
Noise NO
Manual
handling
MH
Electrical EL
Radiation RA
Explosion EX
Fire FI
Biological BI
Ergonomics ER
Ambient
conditions
AC
Stress ST
Others OT

14. The hazard shall be due to
Chemical (CH)
-Acidity or causticity
-Flammability
-Pyrophoricity
-Thermal instability
-Oxidizing or reducing ability
-Toxicity
Mechanical (ME)
-Rotating equipment
-Reciprocating equipment
-Sharp edges or points
-Acceleration/Deceleration
-Stability/toppling tendency
Manual Handling (MH)
-Transportation of materials
-Using of MH equipment

15. Noise hazard (NO)
-Individual machine, fan duct noise
-Combined machine noise
-Vibrating tools
Electrical hazard (EL)
-Electrical shocks
-Power trips/failure
-Burns
Radiation (RA)
-Ionizing radiation
-UV/IR radiation
-Electromagnetic radiation
-Laser radiation
Fire/Explosion (FI)
Natural
-Lighting, earthquakes and others
-Explosion of gas or liquid
-Presence of strong oxidizer
-Presence of strong ignition source
-Presence of fuel

16. Biological hazard (BI)
-Spread of air bone diseases within the company workforce
-Stagnant water resulting in creating mosquito habitats
-Biomedical waste from in-plant occupational health centers
Ergonomics (ER)
-Postures
-Equipment
-Positioning of personal computers
-Room temperature
Stress (ST)
-Working in poor or cramped conditions
-Lack of proper communication
-Overworking
-Concern about risk of injury or illness
Ambient condition (AC)
-Ambient temperature
-Ventilation
-Lighting

17. Identification of consequence of the hazards
Consequence due to the existence of hazard such as injury, ill-health or
a combination of these shall be identified
Consequences from Safety hazards
CUTS, BRUISES
BONE FRACTURE, SPRAIN
ELECTROUCTION
SKIN BURNS
LIMB AMPUTATION
DEATH

18. Consequences from Health hazards
Effect On Consequences
SKIN Eczema/dermatitis by caustics, solvents, acids,
insecticides, heavy metals, dyes
Acne from dioxine, chlorinated solvents, mineral
oils
LUNGS Asthma from SPM, isocyanates (from painting)
Alveolitis from fungal infection
MUSCUSKELET Back pain from manual handling
NERVOUS AND
MENTAL
Nerve deafness induced by noise
Mental ill health due to stress/chemical exposure
BLOOD/MARROW Anemia by lead concentration in blood
Leukemia by Benzene

19. 5. Identification of existing controls to reduce the
consequences of the above hazard
Existing controls shall include
-All engineering controls – safety guards, sensors, protective equipment,
brakes, switches, emergency stops, electrical circuit brakes
-Technical data sheet, materials safety data sheet, operating manual,
supplier instruction, etc
-SOP, WIN, OCP, Signage, Indicators, Signals, etc.
-Training, skills, mock drills, on-the job training

20. 6. Assessment of Risks
The risk associated with the harm and consequence shall be evaluated by
identifying the likelihood and severity of the harm. This shall be done with the
help of operators, contractor, supervisors, etc
Security Levels:
Severity level Type of injury Type of ill health
Extremely harmful –
EH
Fatal Cancer/life shortening
illness
Harmful – HA Medical treatment Medical
treatment/recoverable
Slightly harmful -
SH
First aid Nuisance/temporary
discomfort/irritation
Likelihood Level Criteria
Likely Once in a month
Unlikely Once in 6 months
High unlikely Once in 12 months

21. 7. Risk estimation
Risk is the combination of the
likelihood of the hazard –
consequence of a specified
hazardous event occurring and
severity of the consequence.
Risk = Likelihood of the
consequence X Severity of the
hazard
Risk for the hazard is identified from
the table:
Risk Estimator Table
X
Slightly
Harmful (SH)
Harmful (HA)
Extremely
Harmful (EH)
Highly Unlikely
(HU)
Trivial Tolerable Moderate
Unlikely (UN) Tolerable Moderate Substantial
Likely (LI) Moderate Substantial Intolerable

22. 8. Risk Decision and Prioritization
Risk Level Decision Further Action
Intolerable Unacceptable Stop for prohibit activity immediately until risk is reduced to Tolerable or Trivial Level
Substantial Unacceptable
Do not start activity until risk is reduced
If activity is in progress, take immediate action to reduce the risk level to Tolerable or trivial
level
Moderate
Considerably
acceptable
Additional controls are required
Actions to further reduction of risks are taken under high priority, with a reasonably
acceptable time frame
Arrangements are made to ensure that the controls are maintained
Tolerable
Considerably
acceptable
Do not start activity until risk is reduced
If activity is in progress, take immediate action to reduce the risk level to Tolerable or
Trivial level
Trivial
Considerably
acceptable
No further actions required other than to ensure the controls are maintained

23. 9. Identifying additional controls for the
Intolerable, Substantial and Moderate risks
Additional controls required for the risks, which are all moderate,
substantial and intolerable are decided and planned
Levels Methods Examples
Level - 1 Elimination of hazards and
planning at design stage
Use of safe substances instead of a dangerous one
Alter work procedure
Realign workstation
Level - 2 Substitution of hazards and
planning at design stage
Use of safe substances instead of a dangerous one
Alter work procedure
Realign workstation
Level – 3 Engineering controls Machine/equipment controls
Pollution control equipment
Safety guards and barriers
Safety switches
Shut off/emergency off
Restricted/hazardous area/isolation
Level - 4 Procedure controls, safe system
of work and administrative
controls
Job work procedures – SOP, OCP, WIN, etc
Work permits
Confined entry procedures
House keeping procedures
Industrial hygiene procedures
Emergency procedures
Level - 5 Personal protective equipmentGeneral chemical handling
High hazard areas
Respiratory protection program
Emergency response

24. 10. Adequacy Review
Core team in consultation with the experts (Environment, Safety and
Health) conduct the adequacy review and target date will be arrived at
and reviewed after implementation of the additional control

25. 11. Format for HIRA
Department: Conducted: Version No:
Location/Machine: Reviewed: Date:
NoWork
Activity
OH & S Hazards TypeConsequences Existing
Controls
Severity LikelihoodRiskAdditional
Controls
Review
adequacy
Type Description EH/HA/SH LI/UN/HU

26. Legend for Severity Legend for Likelihood Legend for Risk
Estimation
Chemical CH
Mechanical ME
Noise NO
Manual handling MH
Electrical EL
Radiation RA
Explosion EX
Fire FI
Biological BI
Ergonomics ER
Ambient conditions AC
Stress ST
Others OT
Extremely
Harmful
EH
Harmful HA
Slightly
Harmful
SH
Likely LI
Unlikely UN
Highly
unlikely
HU
Trivial TR
Tolerable TO
Moderate MO
SubstantialSU
IntolerableIN
X
Slightly
Harmful
(SH)
Harmful
(HA)
Extremely
Harmful
(EH)
Highly
Unlikely
(HU)
Trivial Tolerable Moderate
Unlikely
(UN)
Tolerable Moderate Substantial
Likely (LI)Moderate SubstantialIntolerable
11. Format for HIRA