Environment Impact Assessment presentation.pptx

Environment Impact Assessment

1. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT Submitted by; AYISHA SHAIK Dept.of.Microbiology

2. WHAT IS EIA? It is a decision making tool to evaluate environmental impact of a project in account of socio-economic , cultural and human health , which include both beneficial and adverse effects. UNEP(United Nations Environment Programme ) defines EIA as a tool to identify social,environmental and economic impact of a project.

3. HOW EIA WORKS? EIA will help to identify the environmental concerns in detail which is related to the particular project.At the same time,it also help to minimize the impact.

4. OBJECTIVES OF EIA To predict environmental impact at early stage. Quantification of impact-This will help us to assume the degree of impact which will vary with all the different kind of projects. Design ' ways&means ' to reduce adverse effect. Mitigation of impact through environment mitigate plan. Shape project to 'suit the local environment'. Monitoring and evaluation of projects.

5. HISTORY OF EIA EIA as a mandatory regulatory procedure originated in the early 1970s with the implementation of the National Environment Policy Act(NEPA ) 1969 in the US. In India, EIA comes under notification on Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) of developmental projects 1994 under the provision of Environment (Protection) Act 1986. After the notification of Govt.of India under Environmental Protection Act 1986,EIA became a norm to make decision over any developmental projects in India.

6. SALIENT FEATURES OF EIA-2006 EIA 2006 has decentralized the environment clearance projects by categorizing the developmental projects in two categories. 1)Category A: Projects require national level appraisal 2)Category B: Projects require state level appraisal.It also includes; -B1 : EIA mandatory projects. -B2: EIA non-mandatory projects

7. STAGES OF EIA After 2006 Amendment the EIA cycle comprises of four stages; Screening Scoping Public consultation Appraisal

8. SCREENING All the developmental project will not have the same kind of impact.Some will have greater impact on environmental variable. At the same time,there are other projects which are done at smaller scale and the nature and kind of impacts these project have,will be different. So on the basis of the extent of the impact on environment the developmental project are categorised into A,B1 and B2.

9. SCOPING In the process of scoping all projects which are subjected to EIA are given with TOR(Terms Of Reference) TOR is given by EAC(Expert Appraisal Committee ) TOR gives all the environmental parameters which need to assessed include parameter related to air,water,noise,soil and socio-economic implication.

10. PUBLIC CONSULTATION It is very important stage which make EIA more democratic and participatory in nature. It is conducted by State Pollution Control Board(SPCB) It has to be done with a prior notice of 30 days. After the notification which include study and findings of EIA and the date and timing of hearing of the people concerns,the SPCB conduct public consultation.

11. APPRAISAL After all above process,the EIA report is given to EAC ( Expert Appraisal Committee) at the level of central govt and SEAC,for category B projects at state level. EAC assess the EIA report and on the basis of that they have to give decision on whether the given project is recommended or rejected. So,EAC is the final authority,which make decision on the basis of findings of EIA.

12. CATEGORIES OF PROJECT UNDER EIA 1) Mining,Extraction of natural resources and power generation

13. 2) Primary processing

14. 3) Materials production

15. 4) Materials processing

16. 5) Manufacturing/ Fabrication

17. 6) Service sectors

18. 7) Physical infrastructure including environmental services

19. 8) Building/Construction/Area Development project & Townships

20. COMPARISON BETWEEN EIA 2006&EIA 2020 1)Mining of minerals 2) Exploration,Development&Production

21. 3)River valley projects

22. 4 )Thermal power plant 5 )Coke oven plant

23. 6 ) Distilleries

24. 7 )Highways

25. 8 )Arial ropeways

26. 9 ) Building and constructive projects

27. CASE STUDIES

28. NARMADA VALLEY PROJECT The Narmada Valley Project (NVP) is made up of plans for 30 major, 136 medium and 3,000 minor dams in India. In Sardar Sarovar Project (SSP) in the state of Gujarat and the Narmada Sagar Project (NSP) in the state of Madhya Pradesh are, at present, the NVP's major constituents.

29. The state governments of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh claim that the SSP and the NSP would irrigate 1.9 million ha and 0.14 million ha of land and generate 1,450 megawatts (mw) and 1,000 mw of power, respectively. These projects had been treading water for many years for want of environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests. Recently, the Indian government gave clearance for the construction of the SSP in Gujarat and the NSP in Madhya Pradesh. But very few dispute the fact that the ecological impacts of these projects have not been properly studied. Both environmentalists and social activists have raised serious questions about the projects.

30. IMPACTS OF NARMADA VALLEY PROJECT 1) Submerging forest and agricultural land 2)Loss of wildlife 3) Displacement and rehabilitation of people 4) Waterlogging 5) Catchment area treatment 6)Saltwater ingress at mouth of river due to reduced water flow 7)Spread of waterborne disease in command areas

31. STEPS SHOULD BE TAKEN TO MITIGATE THE IMPACTS 1) Independent Assessment: Independent cost-benefit analyses must be carried out to judge the feasibility and viability of these projects. 2) Public awareness and mass media: The full utilization of communication techniques, including mass media, would help create widespread awareness and understanding of these issues. Exhibitions plays, film shows and publication of articles and books can bring awareness at many different levels.

32. 3) Legislative measures : Both the projects involve displacing nearly 200,000 people, many of whom make their livings from common property resources. There is no comprehensive resettlement and rehabilitation scheme for them in the directives and rules laid down thus far. A petition on behalf of these people can be filed under Article 21 of India's Constitution, which says, "no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law." A position proving the inadequacies and distortions in the existing assessments can also be filed in the court.

33. KC VALLEY PROJECT Koramangala-Challaghatta Valley(KC Valley) project is deemed to be a unique project in the country. An irrigation project,considered a rare one ,is a first of its kind in the entire country.

34. The project turns out to be a solution to the over-growing problem of Bangalore city's drain and sewage on one hand and on the other rejuvanating the minor irrigation system in rural areas. The scheme envisages the filling of several tanks in the Kolar district with treated water from Bengaluru . Megha Engineering and Infrastructure Ltd.(MEIL)has achieved a rear distinction by grounding the KC valley project in Bangalore and adjacent districts of Kolar .

35. CONCLUSIONS The EIA provides a unique opportunity to demonstrate ways in which the environment may be improved as part of the development process. The EIA also predicts the conflicts and constraints between the proposed project, programme or sectoral plan and its environment. EIA is more than technical reports, it is a means to a larger intention – the protection and improvement of the environmental quality of life.

36. REFERENCES https://youtu.be/Vq_bD40UsmI https://youtu.be/vt7xRW1tozM https://youtu.be/pGZDV5vOSFY https://www. culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-s al-quarterly/ narmada -issue https:// www.//testbook.com/question-answerquestion-answe/kc-valley-treated

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