Environment Notes air pollution notes water pollution notes So2 No2 PM10 PM2.5.pptx

Air Pollution

1. Nitrogen dioxide (N in air is oxidized); No sum of NO, NO , other oxides of N Brownish gas irritates the respiratory system originates from combustion Burning fuels including petrol, diesel, and coal Ground level O3 (primary constituent of smog) Reaction of VOC + nox in presence of heat +sun light Vehicles and industries are the major source Carbon monoxide Reduces bloods ability to carry O Produced by the incomplete burning of carbon-based fuels & natural and synthetic products such as cigarettes Carbon dioxide Principle greenhouse gas. Emitted as a result of human activities such as the burning of coal, oil, and natural gases Sulphur dioxide Precursor to acid rain along with Nox Formed when fuel (coal, oil) containing S is burned and metal smelting Chorofluoro carbon (CFC) Ozone depletion Released from air- conditioning systems and refrigeration. Lead Cause learning disabilities in children , toxic to liver, kidney, blood forming organs Present in petrol, diesel, lead batteries, paints, hair dye products, etc Particulate matter (PM 10 & 2.5)

2. P o ll u t a n t s e n t e r t h r o u g h s t o m a t a Destroy chlorophyll and Affect photosynthesis Cuticle( Wax Layer on Leaves) is lost

3. Treatment of water before leaving in water bodies. Restoration of polluted water bodies. Ganga Action Plan River Water Monitoring

4. Effluents should not be discharged Treatment before discharge S t r i c t l a w e n f o r c e m e n t - r e g a r d i n g d r i ll i n g i n Ecosensitive zones, dumping of toxic & Hazardous wastes Minimum developmental activities on shore CRZs: Coastal regulation Zones

5. Transportation H e a v y M a c h i n e r y Construction activities C e l e b r a t i o n s a n d h o u s e h o l d appliances P h y s i o l o g i c a l a n d p s y c h o l o g i c a l changes Interferes communication Hearing damage Sleep disturbance

6. Reduce soil productivity Affects soil flora and fauna Sludge contains worms, bacteria and pathogens. R a d i o a c t i v e w a s t e s e n t e r f o o d c h a i n : Strontium 90 mimics calcium. Treatment before discharge Convert waste to biogas, fuel etc. Recover from soil.

7. Following methods in use: Composting S a n i t a r y l a n d f i ll Incineration Segregation of waste Current trends of 3- R e d u c e R e u s e R e c y c l e

8. Think globally act locally Use eco-friendly products U s e r e c h a r g e a b l e b a tt e r i e s No to excess pesticides, chemicals, paints, solvents U s e l e s s o r o n l y r e q u i r e d q u a n t i t y o f r e s o u r c e PLANT MORE TREES(local species) Best from Waste - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle