Environmental science and chemistry with science

Environmental science

1. NAME– DANISH ALAM ROLL NO – 10871023019 SECTION– A DEPT– MCA SUBJECT– EVS SUBJEC T CODE - MCAN - E105A TOPIC- Aims and Objectives of Green Chemistry A S ANSOL ENG I NEE R I NG C O L L EGE CON T I NO U S A S S ESS M EN T 1 ( C A 1)

2. INDEX INTRODUCTION AIMS OF GREEN CHEMISTRY PRINCIPLES OF G REE N CHE M ISTRY OBJECTIVES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Green chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances. Green chemistry applies across the life cycle of a chemical product, including its design, manufacture, use, and ultimate disposal. Prevents pollution at the molecular level Is a philosophy that applies to all areas of chemistry, not a single discipline of chemistry Applies innovative scientific solutions to real - world environ m enta l proble m s Results in source reduction because it prevents the generation of pollution Reduces the negative impacts of chemical products and processes on human health and the environment Lessens and sometimes eliminates hazards from existing products and processes Designs chemical products and processes to reduce their intrinsic hazards

4. AIMS OF GREEN CHEMISTRY Green chemistry, also known as sustainable chemistry, is an approach to designing products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances. The aims of green chemistry are to promote environmental and human health while reducing the negative impacts of chemical products and processes. The following are some key goals and aims of green chemistry: Minimize Environmental Impact: Reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture, and application of chemical products to prevent pollution and minimize environmental impact. Resource Efficiency: Design processes to use fewer raw materials, reduce energy consumption, and generate less waste, thereby promoting the efficient use of resources. Safer Chemicals: Design and use chemicals that are inherently less toxic to humans and the environment, minimizing the risks associated with their production, use, and disposal.

5. Energy Efficiency: Promote energy-efficient processes and technologies to reduce the environmental footprint of chemical manufacturing and usage. Renewable Feedstocks: Encourage the use of renewable raw materials and feedstocks in chemical processes to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and promote sustainability. Prevention of Waste: Emphasize the principle of waste prevention over end-of-pipe treatment, seeking to design processes that generate minimal or no waste. Design for Degradation: Ensure that chemicals and materials are designed to break down into innocuous substances after use, reducing the persistence of pollutants in the environment. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): Consider the environmental impact of a product or process throughout its entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to disposal, to make informed decisions about its overall sustainability. Innovative Technologies: Encourage the development and adoption of innovative technologies an d methodolog ies that alig n w ith the principles o f gree n chemistry. Education and Outreach: Raise awareness and educate scientists, engineers, students, and the public about the principles and benefits of green chemistry to foster a broader understanding of sustainable practices in the chemical industry.

6. PR I NCI P ALS OF GREEN CHEMIS TRY Green chemistry' s 1 2 principles These principles demonstrate the breadth of the concept of green chemistry: Prevent waste: Design chemical syntheses to prevent waste. Leave no waste to treat or clean up. Maximize atom economy: Design syntheses so that the final product contains the maximum proportion of the starting materials. Waste few or no atoms. Design less hazardous chemical syntheses: Design syntheses to use and generate substances with little or no toxicity to either humans or the environment. Design safer chemicals and products: Design chemical products that are fully effective yet have little o r n o toxicity. Use safer solvents and reaction conditions: Avoid using solvents, separation agents, or other auxiliary chemicals. If you must use these chemicals, use safer ones. Increase energy efficiency: Run chemical reactions at room temperature and pressure whenever possible. Use renewable feedstocks: Use starting materials (also known as feedstocks) that are renewable rather than depletable. The source of renewable feedstocks is often agricultural products or the wastes of other processes; depletable feedstocks are often fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, or coal) or mining operations.

7. Avoid chemical derivatives: Avoid using blocking or protecting groups or any temporary modifications if possible. Derivatives use additional reagents and generate waste. Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents: Minimize waste by using catalytic reactions. Catalysts are effective in small amounts and can carry out a single reaction many times. They are preferable to stoichiometric reagents, which are used in excess and carry out a reaction only once. Design chemicals and products to degrade after use: Design chemical products to break down to innocuous substances after use so that they do not accumulate in the environment. Analyze in real time to prevent pollution: Include in-process, real-time monitoring and control during syntheses to minimize or eliminate the formation of byproducts. Minimize the potential for accidents: Design chemicals and their physical forms (solid, liquid, or gas) to minimize the potential for chemical accidents including explosions, fires, and releases to the environment.

8. OBJECTIVES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY The objectives of green chemistry are to address and mitigate the environmental and health impacts associated with the design, production, and use of chemicals. These objectives are aligned with the principles of sustainability and seek to promote a more eco-friendly and responsible approach to chemistry. Here are some key objectives of green chemistry: Prevention of Pollution: Minimize or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances to prevent pollution of air, water, and soil during the entire life cycle of chemical products. Safer Chemicals: Design and use chemicals that are less toxic and harmful to human health and the environment, reducing the risks associated with exposure and disposal. Resource Efficiency: Promote the efficient use of raw materials, energy, and water in chemical processes to minimize waste and reduce the overall environmental impact. Renewable Feedstocks: Encourage the use of renewable raw materials and feedstocks to reduce dependence on finite and non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuels. Energy Efficiency: Implement energy-efficient processes and technologies to reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions associated with chemical manufacturing.

9. Minimization of Waste: Design processes that generate minimal or no waste, emphasizing the principle of waste prevention over end-of-pipe treatment. Design for Degradation: Develop chemicals and materials that break down into harmless substances after use, reducing persistence and potential long-term environmental effects. Life Cycle Thinking: Consider the environmental impact of a product or process throughout its entire life cycle, from raw material extraction to disposal, using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodologies. Innovative Technologies: Encourage the development and adoption of innovative and sustainable technologies that align with the principles of green chemistry. Regulatory Compliance:Support the development and implementation of regulations and policies that promote the principles of green chemistry, ensuring the responsible and sustainable use of chemicals. Education and Training: Promote education and training programs to raise awareness and build expertise in green chemistry principles among scientists, engineers, students, and industry professionals. Economic Viability: Demonstrate that green chemistry practices can be economically viable by fostering innovation, improving efficiency, and reducing long-term costs associated with environmental remediation.

10. CONCLUSION Specifically,green chemistry can lead to a reduction of hazardous chemicals and emissions from production, as well as cost reductions and the development of safer products and processes