Equine Viral Diseases. pdf

equine viral diseases

1. Equine Viral Diseases:
Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
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2. introduction to Equine Viral
Diseases
What Are Equine Viral Diseases?
Definition of viral diseases in
horses
Economic & health impact on
the equine industry
Classification:
•Respiratory Diseases
•Neurological Diseases
•Reproductive Diseases
•Gastrointestinal Diseases
•Skin Diseases
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3. What Are Equine Viral Diseases?
Definition of viral diseases in horses
Economic & health impact on the
equine industry
Classification:
•Respiratory Diseases
•Neurological Diseases
•Reproductive Diseases
•Gastrointestinal Diseases
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4. Equine viral diseases 4

5. How Do Viruses Spread in Horses?
Direct Contact (nose-to-nose, breeding)
Indirect Contact (contaminated surfaces,
tack, water)
Vector Transmission (mosquitoes, biting
flies)
Aerosol Transmission (coughing,
sneezing)
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6. How Do Viruses Spread in Horses?
Direct Contact (nose-to-nose,
breeding)
Indirect Contact (contaminated
surfaces, tack, water)
Vector Transmission (mosquitoes,
biting flies)
Aerosol Transmission (coughing,
sneezing)
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7. Equine Respiratory Viral Diseases
Equine Influenza Virus (EIV)
Cause: Equine Influenza Virus (H3N8)
Symptoms: High fever, dry cough, nasal
discharge
Transmission: Airborne, highly contagious
Prevention: Vaccination, quarantine, hygiene
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8. Equine Herpesvirus (EHV-1, EHV-4 –
Rhinopneumonitis)
Causes:
•EHV-1: Respiratory, abortion, neurological disease
•EHV-4: Respiratory disease
Symptoms: Fever, nasal discharge, abortion, ataxia
Transmission: Airborne, direct contact
Prevention: Vaccination, biosecurity measures
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9. Equine Adenovirus (EAdV-1, EAdV-2)
Mild respiratory disease in healthy horses
Severe pneumonia in foals with immune
deficiencies
Transmission: Aerosol, direct contact
Prevention: No vaccine; supportive care
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10. Equine Neurological Viral Diseases
: Borna Disease Virus (BoDV)
Cause: Borna Disease Virus (BoDV-1, BoDV-2)
Symptoms: Behavior changes, ataxia, paralysis
Transmission: Possibly through nasal secretions
or rodents
Prevention: No vaccine; early detection
important
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11. West Nile Virus (WNV)
Cause: Flavivirus (spread by mosquitoes)
Symptoms: Fever, tremors, paralysis,
sometimes fatal
Transmission: Mosquito bites
Prevention: Vaccination, mosquito control
West Nile Virus (WNV)
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12. Equine Reproductive & Abortion-
Related Viral Diseases
Slide 9: Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1)
& Viral Abortion
Late-term abortion (7-11 months)
Transmission: Airborne, direct contact
Prevention: Vaccination, quarantine of
pregnant mares
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13. Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA)
Cause: Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV)
Symptoms: Fever, nasal discharge, abortion
Transmission: Airborne, semen (sexually
transmitted)
Prevention: Vaccination of stallions, biosecurity
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14. Equine Rhinovirus (Rhinitis)
Symptoms: Mild respiratory issues
Transmission: Airborne, direct contact
Prevention: Hygiene, isolation of sick horses
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15. Equine Gastrointestinal Viral Diseases
Slide 12: Equine Rotavirus
Cause: Equine Rotavirus
Symptoms: Severe diarrhea in foals, dehydration
Transmission: Fecal-oral route
Prevention: Vaccination of pregnant mares, sanitation
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16. Equine Skin & Genital Viral Diseases
Slide 13: Equine Coital Exanthema
(EHV-3)
Cause: Equine Herpesvirus-3
Symptoms: Blisters on genitals,
reluctant to breed
Transmission: Sexual contact
Prevention: Avoid breeding infected
horses
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17. Equine Sarcoid (Bovine Papillomavirus – BPV-1, BPV-2)
Skin tumors (nodular, flat, ulcerative)
Transmission: Possibly through insect bites
Prevention: No vaccine, surgical removal possible
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18. Prevention & Control Strategies
Equine Viral Disease Prevention
Vaccination: EIV, EHV-1, EHV-4, WNV, EVA
Biosecurity: Quarantine new horses, disinfect
equipment
Vector Control: Mosquito control for WNV &
EVA
Hygiene: Hand washing, disinfecting stalls
Early Detection & Isolation
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19. Conclusion & Discussion
Summary of Equine Viral Diseases
Quick recap of major diseases
Importance of early detection and
vaccination
Future research in equine virology
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20. Case Study Discussion (Optional)
Real-life case of an equine viral outbreak
What would you do?
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21. Quiz & Questions
Interactive quiz: Symptômes, transmission,
prévention
Open Q&A
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