# equipments for physical examination .pptx

equipments for physical examination

1. Start

2. Preparation Of Equipment’s Submitted To : Hemlata Mam Submitted By : Mayank Vyas Monika Kuri Lokesh Kumar Meena Lokesh Kumar Yogi Mahima Kumari Mukesh Kumar

3. Topic’s Physical Examination Purpose Equipment's Needed & Their Preparation

4. Physical Examination 4 It is defined as Complete HEAD TO TOE assessment of the patient’s physical & mental status .

5. Purpose of Physical Examination

6. Purpose 6 To understand physical and of the client mental wellbeing of client.  It helps to gather baseline information regarding the client's health status at the time of the hospitalization. To identify the deviation from the normal. To detect disease in early stage To determine cause of illness.

7. 7 T o drive nursing diagnosis on which planning Nursing interventions & evaluation are based. To understand any changes in the cond ition of disease or any improvement in client's condition. To find out Nursing care needed to the client. Offers opportunity for health teaching. To find out whether the person is medically fit or not for a particular task.

8. Preparation of Equipment’s For PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

9. The equipment used in a physical examination/assessment should be readily accessible, clean, and in proper working order.   Equipment that will touch the patient should be warmed before use.

10. Equipment’s TPR Tray Sphygmomanometer Stethoscope Scale Torch Measuring tape Pulse Oximeter Snellen Chart Tunning Fork Ophthalmoscope Otoscope Nasal Speculum Percussion Hammer Vaginal Speculum Pharyngeal Retractor Laryngoscope Proctoscope

11. TPR Tray Thermometer Cotton Swabs Watch Kidney Tray Includes TPR is a procedure to check temperature, pulse and respiration of a patient. It is as also known checking vital signs when we include checking of blood pressure in the procedure. Thermometer : It is used to measure the patient body temperature.

12. Sphygmomanometer It is used to measure blood pressure. Manual measurement with a sphygmomanometer is preferred over an electronic device.

13. Stethoscope It is used to auscultate heart, lung, abdomen, and cardiovascular sounds. The bell of the stethoscope is used to listen to low-pitched sounds (heart murmurs). Use gentle pressure against the body part being examined when assessing low-pitched sounds.

14. The diaphragm of the stethoscope is used to listen to high-pitched sounds such as normal heart sounds, breath sounds, & bowel sounds. Use firm pressure against the body Part being examined when assessing high-pitched sounds. When using the stethoscope, expose the body part to be auscultated and try to minimize environmental noises.

15. Stadiometer A device for measuring height that consists of a vertical ruler with a sliding horizontal rod or paddle, which is adjusted to top of the head. It is often wall mounted, but is used horizontally on a tabletop for infants and young children to measure length.

16. Scale’s A scale with height attachment is used to weight the patient and measure height. Infants and children less than 2 or 3 year of age are weighed on a platform-type balance scale.  

17. Torch A light source is used to assist in viewing inside the mouth and nose. It is also used to determine the reactions of the pupils of the eyes.

18. Measuring Tape A tape measure is used to measure waist circumference in adults it is also used to measure head circumference, abdominal circumference in infants & children up to 2 to 3 years of age, as well as chest circumference in infants. A ruler is used to measure abnormal findings on the skin, such as wounds, incisions, or lesions.

19. Pulse Oximeter It is test used to measure the oxygen level (oxygen saturation) of the blood

20. Snellen Chart It is used as a screening test for distant vision, consists of characters arranged in 11 lines of different - sized type; the line of largest characters is at the top of the chart and the line of smallest characters is at the bottom. Scores ranging from 20/10 (smallest line) to 20/200 (Largest line) are shown in the left-hand column, and distances are in the right-hand column next to the numbers.

21. Tunning Fork It a is a two-pronged metal instrument used to test auditory function and vibratory perception.   The fork is activated to vibrate by holding the base and gently tapping the prongs against the palm of the examiner's hand. Once vibrating, the fork is held at the base to avoid diminishing the vibration.

22. Weber test : The clinician places the vibrating base of the tuning fork on the patient's forehead or vertex, The clinician asks the patient if they hear the sound better in one ear or the same in both. The results of the Weber test are : Normal: The sound is heard in the midline Conductive loss: The sound is heard on the affected side. Neurosensory loss: The sound is heard on the unaffected side.

23. Nasal Speculum It is used to visualize the lower and middle turbinate's of the nose. A penlight or flashlight is used for illumination.

24. The blades of the speculum are inserted about 6cm into each nostril and opened so that they do not press on the septum. The otoscope can be used to visualize the internal nares. The light is provided by the scope, and the shortest, widest speculum that will fit into the nostril is used.

25. Percussion Hammer Also called a reflex hammer.  It is an instrument with a triangular-shaped rubber head, used to test deep tendon reflexes.

26. The handle of the hammer is held between the thumb and index finger to direct a brisk tap of the broad end of the head on the selected body area.   The quick, firm tap is made with a rapid downward and backward wrist action. The pointed end of the hammer is used for smaller areas.

27. Vaginal Speculum

28. It is a two-bladed instrument used to examine the vaginal canal and cervix. The speculum is inserted into the vagina and the speculum blades are opened, allowing visualization and assessment of the vagina and cervix. The speculum must be warmed and lubricated with warm water or a water -soluble agent before insertion.

29. Pharyngeal Retractor It is used to examine the pharynx. Used in surgery to be inserted through the mouth into groove help.

30. Otoscope It is used to examine the external ear canal and the tympanic membrane.  

31. A speculum, which is attached to the body of the Otoscope, directs the light in a improve visualization of ear narrow beam to structure. The large speculum will extend into the patient's ear canal.

32. Ophthalmoscope It is lighted instruments used to visualize the interior structure of eye.  It consists of two parts: A body that contains the light source and a detachable head that contains lenses used to magnify the internal eye structure

33. The head also contains several lenses arranged on a wheel to control the focus for examining the structure in the eye. Each lens is labeled with a positive (black) or negative (red) number, with units of strength called diopters.

34. Red number - are used for near-sighted (myopic) patients Black number - for far-sighted (hyperopic) patients. The Zero lens is used when either the examiner or the patient has refractive (visual) errors.

35. Laryngoscope Used to examine larynx. Laryngoscopy can be used to treat some problems in the vocal cords or throat.     Ex- long, thin instruments can passed down the laryngoscope to remove small grow the (tumours or polyps) on the vocal cords.

36. Proctoscope Used for examination of the rectum and the anus.

37. Conclusion 37 Assessment is the first and most critical step of nursing process. Accuracy of assessment data affects all other phases of the nursing process. A complete data base of both subjective and objective data allows the nurse to formulate nursing diagnosis, develop client goals, and intervenes to promote heath and prevent disease.

38. Reference’s Fundamentals of Nursing Book Of TNAI (Trained Nursing Association Of India) Google https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK361 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_assessment https://www.freepik.com/vectors/medical https://iconscout.com/illustration/doctor-checking-to-heartrate-monitor-4704802 Image’s

39. Thank you