Ergonomics as an ancient science (New).pptx

Ergonomics as an ancient science

1. Ergonomics as an encient science

2. The term ergonomics comes from the Greek words ergon [work ] and nomos [natural laws] The foundations of the science of ergonomics appear to have been laid within the context of the culture of Ancient Greece. A good deal of evidence showes that Hellenic civilization in the 5th century BC used ergonomic principles in the design of their tools, jobs & workplaces .

3. Design for workload minimization Technique for elevation of loaded carriages . By using the weight of the empty carriages and having the mules pull downhill, the elevation of the loaded carriage was made easier and the mules were not unnecessarily exhausted .

4. Design for safety Braking system for downhill movement . The stabilising ropes are coiled around stable wooden stakes to prevent the sledge from sliding downhill too fast. The slow uncoiling of the ropes (controlled by workers) allowed the sledge to slide at a reliable speed . Another worker, using a wooden pole, released the sledge should it get stuck

5. Design for materials handling facilitation A number of clever solutions were available to the problem of hanging heavy stony blocks and taking them to position with millimetric accuracy

6. Ergonomic design of equipments for everyday needs Bi-handled bronze jar. The necessary force to lift the jar is applied to the lower handle, while the upper one is used to control the flow of the liquid

7. Tri-handled jar. The two horizontally opposed handles fit for carrying it when full. The third, neck-attached handle fits for carrying the jar when empty. It also facilitates a stabilising grip on the jar when carried on the shoulder .

8. Child's chair. Although made from a different material, modern chairs have practically the same shape

9. It is also true that archaeological records of the early Egyptians kingdoms made tools, household equipment, among others that illustrated ergonomic principles . Perhaps not everyone in ancient Egypt used these as pillows, but some physiologists have pointed out the ergonomic benefits on the spine of sleeping with the head resting in this position.

10. Refrences : http:// ergou.simor.ntua.gr/research/ ancientGreece /AncientGreece.htm www.touregypt.net/featurestories/furniture.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergonomics