Ethical Standards in Writing a Literature Review.pdf

Handout on Ethical Standards in Writing a Literature Review

1. Thelma V. Villaflores
Practical Research 2
Thoroughness

2. Ethical
Standards
Guide the
researcher in
determining the
right and wrong
ways in
constructing the
synthesis of
literature sources.

3. Do’s & Don’ts
Collect relevant
literature sources.
Avoid main use of
secondary source
literature.

4. Do’s & Don’ts
Review the data
presented and
extract essential
information.
Avoid directly
copying the
content of the
literature source.

5. Do’s & Don’ts
Summarize the
essential
information from
each source using
your own words.
Avoid directly
using the tables
and figures
presented in the
literature source.

6. Do’s & Don’ts
Paraphrase the
contents of the
source while
retaining the main
thoughts of the
content.
Avoid redirecting
the main idea of
the literature and
including your own
perspective on the
topic.

7. Do’s & Don’ts
Attribute ideas
accordingly by
providing
in-text and
bibliographic
citations.
Avoid missing
relevant citations
in the literature
review.

8. Do’s & Don’ts
Provide complete
and correct
information
of the literature
sources in the
bibliography.
Avoid providing
incomplete or
wrong information
of the literature
source in the
bibliography.

9. Plagiarism
act of copying or
using works from
another person and
presenting it as
your own

10. Intellectual
Property
Code of the
Philippines
(R.A. 8293
protects the
intellectual works
and property of
people such as
books and
inventions through
registered
copyrights

11. Types of
Plagiarism
➢Direct plagiarism
➢Inadequate
Paraphrasing
➢Self-Plagiarism
➢Incomplete
citations

12. Direct Plagiarism
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstrating its
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Original Source Research Paper

13. Direct Plagiarism
content is directly copied from
the source without revision and
proper attribution

14. Inadequate Paraphrasing
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby indicatingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Original Source Research Paper

15. Inadequate Paraphrasing
replaces selected words in the
sentences with synonyms or
other interchangeable words

16. Self-Plagiarism
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Author’s Work (2024) Author’s Work (2025)

17. Self-Plagiarism
the researcher lifts the contents
of his/her previous work, and
places them in the current work
without proper attribution

18. Incomplete Citations
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware (de Jesus, 2025).
deJesus,etal.(2025) Research Paper

19. Incomplete Citations
Provides incomplete citation
details
➢Incomplete citation details
➢False information
➢Fabricating citationdetails

20. How to
Avoid
Plagiarism
1.Summarize
properly
2.Paraphraseusing
yourownwords
3.Cite correctly
4.Avoid self-
plagiarism and
fabricated citations

21. AvoidPlagiarism
Quick Brush, proved to be
time efficient and capable of
cleaning different laboratory
glassware containers,
thereby demonstratingits
potential as a powerful tool
in cleaning laboratory
glassware.
Quick Brush was found to
save time and effectively
clean various laboratory
glassware containers,
showing its promise as an
efficient tool for laboratory
glassware cleaning (de
Jesus, et al., 2025).
deJesus,etal.(2025) Paraphrased version