Etiopathogenesis of Gullain barre syndrome

what is the cause and pathogenesis of GBS

1. Etiopathogenesis of GBS

2. Aetiology The exact cause is unknown Usually appears days or weeks after a respiratory or digestive tract infection History of recent surgery, trauma or vaccination Commonest association with Campylobacter jejuni infection

3. Triggers GBS may be triggered by Zika virus COVID-19 virus Influenza virus Cytomegalovirus Epstein-Barr virus Hepatitis A, B, C and E HIV Mycoplasma pneumonia Hodgkin's lymphoma

4. An infectious organism contains an amino acid that mimics the peripheral nerve myelin protein The immune system cannot distinguish between the two proteins Infectious organism attack the ganglioside ( location in PNS) Influx of macrophages and other immune mediated agents Pathophysiology

5. Disease progress and affect the spinal roots and nerve process It primarily involves Schwann cells Resulting in segmental demyelination If axon remains intact, initial impulse can be conducted with reduced velocity Then axons are degenerated, and complete conduction block occurs Associate peri-vascular lymphocytic inflammatory exudates of PNS and other system involvement Pathophysiology