Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells parts and function

Cell parts and their function

1. Cell Parts and Function 28/10/2025

2. Summary Vocabulary Cell - The basic unit of all living things. Organelle - Parts of a cell that help it function . 1. Nucleus - the central, membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material. 2. Cytoplasm - The jelly-like liquid inside the cell where the organelles are found and chemical reactions occur .

3. 3. Cell wall – Found outside the cell membrane, this organelle provides support , shape and protection to the cell . Animal cells do not have cell walls . 4. Cell membrane – The thin flexible barrier surrounding the cell that allows material in and out of the cell . 5. Mitochondria – Considered the powerhouse of a cell, this organelle is where sugar is used to produce energy .

4. 6. Lysosome – An organelle that helps the cell get rid of waste (like trash and recycling center of a cell). 7. Lysosome - An organelle where fluids and other nutrients are stored for the cell. It is like a reservoir . 8. Chloroplast - Organelles found in plants and algae where photosynthesis takes place . Animal cells do not have chloroplast . 9. Golgi apparatus - organelles that modify , sort , and package proteins and lipids for transport to their final destinations (acts as the packaging center/post office of the cell).

5. 10. Ribosomes – organelles responsible for making proteins. 11. Rough endoplasmic reticulum – a network of membrane-bound organelles within a cell studded with ribosomes giving the “rough" appearance. It is responsible for production, modification and transportation of proteins. 12. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - a network of membrane-bound organelles within a cell that lacks ribosomes, hence "smooth" appearance. Its functions include manufacture of lipids , hormones and carbohydrates ; detoxifying harmful substances e.g drugs and alcohol ; and storing calcium .