Eutrophication & the Process of Eutrophication

Eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well. In this presentation we have tried to show the its' process, types, consequences, impact on nature and human life and how can we control it.

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2. We are Presenting… Eutrophication

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4. Derivation of the Word “ Eutrophication ” Eutrophication “ Eu ” m eans “well” “trope” means “nourishment”

5. What is Eutrophication From that sense “Eutrophication” refers to the over nutrition of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Carbon in the water bodies. From another sense, eutrophication is the ultimate consequence of bacterial decomposition of the green lives and further scarcity of oxygen and suffocation as well.

6. Types of Eutrophication There are two types of eutrophication: Natural Eutrophication Cultural Eutrophication Eutrophication Natural Eutrophication Cultural Eutrophication

7. Natural Eutrophication Eutrophication that is caused by the normal process of the nature not interfered by human activities is termed as natural eutrophication. This sort of eutrophication takes many years to affect the water bodies in a full force. Water bodies not near the industrial or human habitat places are affected by such sort of eutrophication . Figure: Natural Eutrophication

8. Cultural Eutrophication It’s a sort of eutrophication that is caused by human activities. It’s a rapid process as it takes only decades to eutrify and ultimately pollutes the water. So it is much more alarming than the natural eutrophication. It’s a process that speeds up the natural eutrophication process. Figure: Cultural Eutrophication

9. Sources of Eutrophication

10. Sources of Eutrophication

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12. Sources of Eutrophication (Continued) Point Sources: Point sources are directly attributable to one influence. In point sources the nutrient waste travels directly from source to water. Point sources are relatively easy to regulate. . Types Description Industrial Sources Wastes from industries as emitted through pipes and proper drainage points, it is the prominent point source. Power Plants Power plants have specific emitting points through which wastes are emitted Sewage Treatment Plants Treatment process releases oxides of Nitrogen and Phosphates in effluents, which drain into water bodies

13. Sources of Eutrophication (Continued) Non-point Sources: Nonpoint source pollution (also known as 'diffuse' or 'runoff' pollution) is that which comes from ill-defined and diffuse sources . Nonpoint sources are difficult to regulate and usually vary spatially and temporally (with season , precipitation , and other irregular events ). Types Description Urban Sources Habitants of urban areas when emit their wastes haphazardly, it becomes a non-point source. Agricultural Sources Agricultural wastes like peats, cow-dung, vegetable wastes are of this type. Fossil Fuel Sources If emissions of fossil fuels have no specific point source it is non-point source. Forestry Land Sources Forestry land sources are also non-point sources of eutrophication.

14. Causes of Eutrophication Causes of Eutrophication Normally the sources of eutrophication are indirectly responsible for eutrophication. But the responsible causes are here in this picture:

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16. Steps of Eutrophication Process Fertilizer flows into water causing … 2. Increased plant growth on the surface of water, causing ….. 3. Decreased light in lower levels of water, causing…

17. Steps of Eutrophication Process (Cont’d) 4. Plants in lower levels of water to die, causing …. 5. Decay using up O 2 and increasing CO 2, causing…... 6 . Death of fish and other animals.

18. Eutrophication Process in 5 Stages

19. Visual Overview of the Eutrophication Process

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21. Impacts of Eutrophication

22. Negative Impacts of Eutrophication

23. Negative Impacts of Eutrophication (Cont’d) Ecological Impacts: Human Health Impacts: Harmful algal blooms which produce algal toxins found in marine ecosystem cause harm to human beings as well as animals Increased biomass of phytoplankton resulting in algal blooms Increased blooms of gelatinous zooplankton Increased biomass of macroalgae Toxic or inedible phytoplankton species New species invasion & Decreases in water transparency Dissolved oxygen depletion or hypoxia resulting in death of benthic animals

24. Negative Impacts of Eutrophication (Cont’d) Socio-economic Impacts: Impact Description Impact on recreation and tourism Decreases the fitness for use of the water for water sports (swimming, boating and fishing); Aesthetic impacts Algal blooms are unsightly and can have unpleasant smells. Economical impacts Infected waters increases the costs of water treatment; Threat for fishing industries;

25. Negative Impacts of Eutrophication(Cont’d ) Other Impacts:

26. Positive Impacts of Eutrophication The positive impacts of eutrophication are:

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28. World’s Scenario of Eutrophication The Potomac River, the fourth largest river along the Atlantic coast and the 21st largest in the United States Lake Erie, the fourth largest lake of the five Great Lakes in North America

29. World’s Scenario of Eutrophication (Cont’d) Lake Iamonia , located at northern Leon County, Florida, USA. Lake Biwa ,the largest freshwater lake in Japan

30. World’s Scenario of Eutrophication (Cont’d) Lake Tai or Lake Taihu , a large freshwater lake in the Yangtze Delta plain near Shanghai, China Lake Naivasha , located in Kenya

31. World’s Scenario of Eutrophication (Cont’d) Dianchi Lake or Lake Dian and Kunming Lake, is a large lake located at southern China Lake Winnipeg, a large in central North America

32. Bangladesh’s Scenario of Eutrophication Gulshan Lake, located at Dhaka City A village pond, located at Manikganj

33. Bangladesh’s Scenario of Eutrophication An Eutrophic river at Bandarban An Eutrophic river at Munshiganj

34. How to Control Eutrophication? Eutrophication

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