Evolution of Rail Transport in India

Evolution of Rail Transport in India

1. RAIL TRANSPORTS -EVOLUTION,TYPES &EMERGING TRENDS STS 501

2. EVOLUTION OF RAIL TRANSPORT The First trains, known as wagonways were used in Germany during 1550’s for transporting mining minerals like coal and ores . These primitive railed roads consist of wooden rail and wagonways were pulled by horse In 1776,During the industrial revolution the wooden rail and wheels were replaced with Iron, but were still pulled by horse In 1792 ,After industrial revolution John Fitch designed and built the first S team Powered Locomotive . In 1804, Richard Trevithick built the first fully functional full scale steam powered locomotive In 1837, The first experimental electric locomotive was built by Robert Davidson and it was p owered by galvanic cell .The first electric passenger train was built by Werner von Siemens in 1879 In 1930’s steam and electric locomotives were dieselized

3. EVOLUTION OF RAIL TRANSPORT IN INDIA The history of rail transport in India began in the mid-nineteenth century . This was mainly aimed at transporting the soldiers, raw cottons, Royal mails etc. The country's first railway, built by the Great Indian Peninsula Railway (GIPR), opened in 1853, between Bombay and Thane. The first railway service started on 16 th April in 1853 from Bombay and Thane , to cover a distance of 34km with 14 coaches and 400 passengers A British engineer, Robert Maitland Brereton, was responsible for the expansion of the railways from 1857 onwards Indian Railways formed by the combination of 42 railways owned by the former Indian Princely States

4. About INDIAN RAILWAYS Indian Railway is the largest railway in Asia and the fourth most heavily used s ystem in the world, It carries about 16 million passengers a day It is the world’s largest employer The Railways have a complex system of suburban systems, the Metro rails, the zonal railways, Inter-city trains , and the long distance Expresses, Intra-regional passenger trains, Luxury Trains, Goods Carrier Trains etc.

5. TYPES OF TRAINS ANS RAILWAYS IN INDIA

6. Toy Trains These trains, operating on narrow-gauge tracks - hence the name toy trains Laid during the British days Link stations in the plains to hill stations Run on a historic path carved through the mountains passing through scenic valleys exposing views of beauty. Five most historic toy trains: Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, West Bengal Kalka-Shimla Railway, Himachal Pradesh Nilgiri Mountain Railway, Tamil Nadu Matheran Hill Railway, Maharashtra Kangra Valley Railway, Himachal Pradesh

7. Rajdhani Express A series of express passenger train  services  connecting the national capital  ‘New Delhi’ with the capital or major cities of various states They are fully air-conditioned Gets the highest priority on the Indian railway network Passengers are served meals during the journey, including morning tea, breakfast, lunch, high tea and dinner All Rajdhani Express trains offer three classes of accommodation : AC First , AC 2-tier, AC 3-tier Currently there are 24 pairs of trains

8. Tejas Express India’s first semi-high speed fully air-conditioned train Runs between Karmali (Goa) and Mumbai CSMT The train has 20 coaches. It has one executive AC chair car with 56 seating capacity and 12 AC chair cars with 78 seat capacity of each coach. Provides amenities like On-board Infotainment Wi-Fi CCTV Fire And Smoke Detection Facilities Tea And Coffee Vending Machine Bio-vacuum Toilets Water Level Indicators Tap Sensors Hand Dryers etc.

9. Gatimaan Express Known to be the fastest train of India Runs between Hazrat Nizamuddin Railway Station and Agra Cantonment Railway Station Express has a total of 10 coaches, two are Executive AC Chair Car and eight AC Chair Car coaches Each coach with one female and one male host along with overall, three managers The train includes two restaurants, provides Indian and other popular world cuisine Provides amenities like on-board infotainment Automatic fire alarm Emergency braking system Free Wi-fi availability Hotspot and Multimedia services Bio-toilets

10. Duronto Express Long-distance non stop trains Services connect the metros and major state capitals of India Only train to offer Rajdhani service in 4 types of classes A feature exclusive to the Duronto is the  LHB SLEEPER ( Linke Hofmann Busch) Provide faster connectivity in less price to that of Rajdhani Express There are five  different classes of accommodation ; First AC , Two-tier AC, Three-tier AC, Economy Three-tier AC and Non-AC Sleeper Passengers are served meals during the journey, including morning tea, breakfast, lunch , high tea and dinner  

11. Double Decker Express Fully air-conditioned two floor express trains They have high priority and are considered among fast trains in India . There are two classes offered in the train ; AC chair car, AC Executive chair car Passengers are served meals during the journey, at an additional cost

12. Garib Rath Express The Garib Rath Express trains are very popular as they provide air conditioned coaches to passengers Garib Rath means “Poor man’s chariot ” They provide quality coaches at half the price of a normal air conditioned ticket.  Only seating and three-tier accommodation is provided in  Garib   Rath The passengers are not provided with free bedding or food . There are 26 Garib Rath Express train services in India

13. Shatabdi Express Shatabdi Express  trains are a series of fast passenger trains connects Metro cities with other cities. Shatabdi Express are day-trains and they return to the station of origin the same day . They are fully air-conditioned and provided with bottled water, juice, coffee or tea, and meals during the journey. Jan Shatabdi Express Jan Shatabdi Express  is a more affordable variety of the  Shatabdi Express, which has both AC and non-AC coaches

14. Luxury Trains Luxury trains  are designed to offer a very comfortable ride and evoke an association with history and heritage. They have a special travel circuit and touch on heritage spots and interesting tourist destinations . Some of them include; Maharajas Express, Palace on Wheels, Deccan Odyssey, Golden Chariot, Fairy Queen etc. They provide the best ambience that resembles the kings of olden times.

15. Maharajas Express Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days DESTINATIONS COVERED Mumbai - Ajanta - Udaipur - Jodhpur - Bikaner - Jaipur - Ranthambore - Agra - Delhi FARE STARTING FROM USD 3850 SEASON October to April DISTANCE COVERED 2591 kms approx Maharajas Express comprises of 14 guest carriages which can accommodate 88 guests on board. There are 20 Deluxe Cabins, 18 Junior Suites, 4 Suites and a plush Presidential Suite offering elegant living comparable to 5 star living.

16. Deccan Odyssey Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days DESTINATIONS COVERED Mumbai - Aurangabad - Tadoba - Ajanta Caves - Nashik - Kolhapur - Goa - Mumbai FARE STARTING FROM USD 5810 SEASON Oct to Apr The   Deccan Odyssey is a venture of the Maharashtra Government and the Ministry of Railways, The train ride through the hinterlands of Maharashtra, the majestic Western Ghats, into the Deccan Plateau and  Konkan . The train offers accommodation in 40 deluxe cabins in 10 coaches. It also has 4 presidential suites in 2 cars, 1 Conference car with business center, 2 restaurants, a well-stocked bar and a spa with steam, massage, a mini gym and a parlor

17. Palace on Wheels Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days DESTINATIONS COVERED Delhi - Jaipur - Sawai Madhopur - Chittorgarh - Udaipur - Jaisalmer - Jodhpur - Bharatpur - Agra - Delhi FARE STARTING FROM USD 3500 SEASON Sep till Apr DISTANCE COVERED 2,411 kms approx The   Palace on Wheels was launched by the Indian Railways in association with Rajasthan Tourism Development Corporation to promote tourism in Rajasthan. There are 23 coaches in the train. 104 tourists can travel in train. The train includes two restaurants; (Maharaja & Maharani Restaurant), Sitting lounge, Spa etc.

18. The Golden Chariot Tour Duration 7 Nights / 8 Days DESTINATIONS COVERED Bangalore - Chennai - Pondicherry - Thanjavur - Madurai - Thiruvananthapuram - Alleppey - Kochi - Bangalore FARE STARTING FROM  USD 5530 SEASON Oct to Apr DISTANCE COVERED 1,888 kms approx The Golden Chariot is operated by the Karnataka State Tourism Development Corporation. The train offers accommodation in 44 cabins in 11 coaches, It also has two restaurants, a lounge bar, and conference, gym and spa facilities.

19. Steam Express - Fairy Queen Tour Duration 1 Nights / 2 Days DESTINATIONS COVERED Delhi- Alwar - Rewari - Alwar -Delhi FARE STARTING FROM   ₹ 12375 SEASON Oct to Mar The Fairy Queen, is the oldest working Steam Locomotive in the world, built in 1855. It occasionally runs between New Delhi and the  Alwar with overnight stay in Sariska Tiger Reserve. The Steam Express has a 60-seater air-conditioned chair car and a well maintained pantry car for on board catering.

20. Regular Express/Mail trains Mail/Express trains  are Regular Express rail services of  India . Express trains make a small number of stops . Mail trains offer reserved accommodation and unreserved coaches Average speed between 40 and 55 kmph in general Superfast Express/Mail trains Superfast Mail/Express trains  are  express rail services of India They make few stops, unlike other Mail/Express  trains Superfast trains are generally higher in priority than regular Express/Mail trains Average speed between 55 and 60 kmph

21. Passenger trains Passenger trains runs between major junctions and small stations Passenger trains are usually fully unreserved Fares on Passenger trains are lower than any other type of train Average speed between 25 and 40 kmph Special trains Special trains are introduced during periods of especially at high demand A temporary basis to handle peak Summer/Festival traffic

22. Metro Rail Metro rails are also called as Rapid transit Provides good connectivity in the congested cities of India Currently 10 operational metro systems in ten cities in India Kolkata , Delhi, Bengaluru, Gurugram , Mumbai, Chennai , Jaipur, Kochi, Hyderabad, and Lucknow . Kolkata Metro rail is the oldest metro service in the country. Established in 1984

23. EMERGING TRENDS

24. BULLET TRAINS Indian Railways has introduced the   Diamond Quadrilateral project to establish a  high speed rail network in India, that will connect the four mega cities in India; Delhi,  Mumbai, Kolkata  & Chennai The new high-speed service will use Japanese  Shinkansen  system (Bullet train) and locomotives India's first high speed rail link connecting Mumbai to Ahmedabad , expected to operational by 2022

25. “Train 18” Indian Railways first semi-high speed train Self-propelled train would be able to travel at speeds of 160 kmph Replace Shatabdi Express trains on the network . Train 18 is expected to replace India’s fastest Shatabdi Express train on the Delhi-Bhopal route from January 2019

26. Sarabindh G Manoj 1 st MTTM