EXOGENIC PROCESSES FOCUS ON (mass wasting).pptx

EXOGENIC TOPIC

1. EXOGENIC PROCESSES (mass wasting) AIRICK M. BAGARINAO Teacher III

2. Content Standard: The learners demonstrate an understanding of geologic processes that occur on the surface of the Earth such as weathering, erosion, mass wasting, and sedimentation.

3. Learning Competency and Code: The learners make a report on how rocks and soil move downslope due to the direct action of gravity (S11/12ES-Ib-13)

4. Objectives: At the end of 60 minutes, 100% of the learners are expected to: 1 . Identify the controls and triggers of mass wasting; and 2. Distinguish between different mass wasting processes.

5. ACTIVITY NO. 1 Inscribe comprehensive definitions for the key terms associated with the Exogenic process on one full sheet of paper.

6. Provide definitions for the following key terms Mass wasting Landslide c. Mudflow d . Disposition e. Debris flow f . Saturation g. Slump h . Rock slide i. Submarine slump

7. ERASER

8. ACTIVITY NO. 2 “Three Friends In A Valley”

9. QUESTIONS Question 1 : What are natural springs, and what are a couple of reasons why the spring on Sara's farm stopped giving water? Question 2 : What are some possible reasons for why the fence is slowly tipping over? Question 3 : What are some possible reasons for the cracks in the walls? What are some ways to find out what is really happening?

10. QUESTIONS Question 4 : What would cause trees to grow like this? Question 5 : Where should the friends go first? Question 6 : What are some possible causes for the low river water level, and what should the girls do about it?

11. Rubrics Overall Score Score 4: Excellent Score 3 : Good Score 2 : Fair Score 1: Needs Improvement

12. Mass wasting Mass wasting, also known as mass movement, is the movement of rock, soil, and debris down a slope under the force of gravity. It differs from other processes of erosion in that the debris transported by mass wasting is not entrained in a moving medium, such as water, wind, or ice.

13. Landslide Landslides are a type of mass wasting, which is the downhill movement of soil and rock under the force of gravity. Landslides can be caused by a variety of factors, including heavy rainfall, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. They can also be triggered by human activities such as deforestation and road construction

14. controlling factors in mass wasting Slope angle Steeper slopes are more prone to mass wasting than gentler slopes. This is because gravity exerts a greater force on steeper slopes. Slope material Loose , unconsolidated materials are more prone to mass wasting than solid, compact materials. This is because loose materials are more easily mobilized by gravity. Water  Water can lubricate slopes and increase the weight of soil and rock, making them more prone to mass wasting. Heavy rainfall is a common trigger for mass wasting events.

15. controlling factors in mass wasting Vegetation  Vegetation can help to stabilize slopes and prevent mass wasting. Vegetation roots hold soil and rock in place, and vegetation cover can help to reduce the amount of water that infiltrates the slope. Human activity Human activities such as deforestation, road construction, and mining can increase the risk of mass wasting. These activities can destabilize slopes and make them more vulnerable to mass wasting triggers.

16. Classification of mass wasting processes Falls involve the free fall of rocks or other materials down a slope. Slides   Slides involve the downhill movement of material along a relatively well-defined surface. Flows   Flows involve the rapid downhill movement of material that is saturated with water or air .

17. Classification of mass wasting processes Creep Creep is the slow, gradual downhill movement of material.

18. Subaqueous mass wasting Is the movement of sediment down a slope in an underwater environment. It is driven by the force of gravity, and the water acts as a lubricant that reduces the frictional resistance faced by the particles. This allows for even small amounts of sediment to move downslope, even on relatively gentle slopes.

19. S ubaqueous mass wasting Types of Subaqueous Mass Wasting : 1. Submarine Landslides These are large-scale movements of underwater sediments or rock along a sloping seafloor. They can be triggered by factors like earthquakes, volcanic activity, or the accumulation of excess sediment on steep slopes. 2. Turbidity Currents : These are underwater currents caused by the rapid movement of sediment-laden water down a slope. They can transport large volumes of sediment across the seafloor.

20. Subaqueous mass wasting 3. Debris Flows and Slumps Similar to terrestrial mass wasting, these involve the movement of water-saturated sediments down slopes underwater. They can occur on continental slopes or in underwater canyons. 4.Underwater Avalanches These involve the rapid movement of underwater snow, ice, and sediment down a slope, often on continental shelves.

21. Events that trigger mass wasting processes a . Rainfall and Saturation Intense Rainfall b. Earthquakes Seismic Activity c. Volcanic Activity Volcanic Eruptions d. Snowmelt and Glacial Melting Rapid Melting e. Undercutting by Water River Erosion

22. Events that trigger mass wasting processes f . Human Activities Excavation and Construction Deforestation g. Changes in Groundwater Levels Lowering of Water Table h. Freezing and Thawing Frost Action i. Volcanic Ash Deposition Accumulation of Ash j. Previous Mass Wasting Events : Remobilization

23. landslide warning signs 1. Changes in the landscape   this can include new cracks or unusual bulges in the ground, leaning or tilting trees or fences, or sinking roads or driveways. 2. Water This can include new springs or seeps, sudden changes in the water level of streams or wells, or muddy water in streams or rivers.

24. 3. Sounds This can include unusual sounds such as cracking wood, knocking boulders, or ground "groaning." 4. Feeling This can include a feeling of shaking or movement in the ground.

25. Activity 3 (QUIZ) Identify the dangers to human settlements and infrastructure, and suggest ways to reduce the possible damage.

26. https://carlycburg.blogspot.com/2015/04/mass-wasting-in-indonesia.html

27. Assignment “ The 17 February 2006 rock slide-debris avalanche at Guinsaugon , Philippines” Read the Article Write notes describing the event and the conditions that have led to its occurrence. R esearch a different viewpoint on the subject.

28. "Nature is not a force to be conquered, but a partner to be respected” - John Muir, naturalist and environmental philosopher