EXPLORING MAGNETS.pdf/6th Science curiosity

Exploring Magnets /6th Science/ curiosity/Samyans Academy
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Sandeep Swamy

1. Introduction
Explore the fascinating world of magnetic and non-
magnetic materials, and learn how to use a magnet to find
directions.
by sandeep swamy

2. Introduction to Magnets
Natural Magnets
Magnets can be found naturally,
such as lodestones, which have
been used for centuries.
Artificial Magnets
Magnets can also be artificially
created from materials like iron
and other metals.
Everyday Applications
Magnets are found in many
common items like pencil boxes,
toys, and school supplies.

3. Magnetic vs Non-
Magnetic Materials
Magnetic Materials
Magnetic materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt are
attracted to magnets.
Non-Magnetic Materials
Non-magnetic materials like wood, plastic, rubber,
and glass are not attracted to magnets.
Everyday Magnet Uses
Magnets have many practical applications in
everyday life, such as in refrigerators, speakers, and
toys.

4. Understanding
Magnet Poles
Every magnet has two poles: a North Pole and a South
Pole. The magnetic force is strongest at these poles. If you
were to sprinkle iron filings around a bar magnet, you would
notice that the filings gather more densely at the ends of
the magnet, indicating the location of the poles.

5. Why One Pole is
Impossible
1
Magnet Breakdown
Even if you break a magnet into smaller
pieces, each piece will still have both a North
and a South pole.
2
Inseparable Poles
A single North pole or South pole cannot
exist on its own. The poles always come in
pairs.
3
Fundamental Property
The inability to isolate a single magnetic pole
is a fundamental property of magnets.

6. Finding Directions with Magnets
Freely Suspended Magnet
When a magnet is freely suspended, it will always
align itself with the Earth's magnetic field,
pointing north and south. This property has been
used by sailors and travelers for many years to
find direction.
Magnetic Compass
The magnetic compass is a device that uses the
Earth's magnetic field and a freely suspended
magnet to determine cardinal directions. It is a
crucial navigation tool that has been used for
centuries.

7. How a Freely Suspended Magnet Works
1
Suspend the Magnet
Take a bar magnet and suspend it from a thread, ensuring it can
rotate freely.
2
Align to North-South
The magnet will naturally align itself in the north-south
direction.
3
Rotate and Release
If you rotate the magnet and let it go, it will again
come to rest pointing north-south.
This ability of a freely suspended magnet to always align itself in the north-south direction is used to
determine directions, and forms the basis of the magnetic compass.

8. Using a Magnetic
Compass
A magnetic compass contains a needle-shaped magnet
that can rotate freely. This needle always points in the
north-south direction, helping people find their way.

9. Using a Magnetic
Compass
1
Placing the Compass
Place the compass where you want to
determine the directions.
2
Waiting for Alignment
After a short while, the needle will settle in
the north-south direction.
3
Aligning the Dial
Gently rotate the compass box until the
"north" and "south" markings on the dial
match the needle's position.

10. Structure of a Magnetic Compass
A magnetic compass is typically a small circular
box with a clear cover. Inside the box, there is a
needle-shaped magnet placed on a pin that
stands at the bottom. This needle is balanced on
the pin in such a way that it can easily rotate or
move freely around this point.
The end of the needle that points toward the
North is usually painted red. Beneath the needle,
there is a dial with directions marked on it.

11. Making a Simple Compass
1
Magnetize Needle
Stroke a sewing needle with a magnet
2
Prepare Cork
Push the needle through a cork
3
Float Needle
Place the cork in a bowl of water
You can make a simple compass at home using a sewing needle, a cork, and a bowl of water. The
needle will rotate and align itself in the north-south direction, similar to the ancient Indian navigation tool
called Matsya-Yantra.

12. Ancient Indian Navigation Tool
Matsya-Yantra
The Matsya-Yantra was an
ancient Indian navigation tool,
consisting of a magnetized iron
fish that floated in oil to find
directions.
Sea Navigation
This device helped Indian sailors
navigate the seas long before
the modern magnetic compass
was widely used.
Historical Significance
The Matsya-Yantra
demonstrates India's early
understanding and application
of magnetism for practical
purposes.

13. Comparison: Freely
Suspended Magnet vs
Magnetic Compass
Freely Suspended Magnet
It hangs still unless you move it, and when you do, it
takes some time to settle back into the north-south
direction.
Magnetic Compass
The needle in the compass moves quickly and
smoothly to point north, making it easy to find your
direction in a short time.
Attraction and Repulsion
Magnets can exert forces on each other. They will
either attract or repel depending on the orientation of
their poles.

14. Attraction and
Repulsion Between
Magnets
Opposite Poles Attract
When opposite poles (North-South) of two magnets
are brought close, they attract each other.
Like Poles Repel
When like poles (North-North or South-South) are
brought close, they repel each other.
Opposite Poles Attract
The correct answer is A. Opposite poles of two
magnets attract each other when brought close.

15. Applications of
Magnets in Daily Life
Magnetic Garlands
Magnets are used in decorative displays, such as
hanging items in a creative way.
Magnetic Mazes
Magnets are used in games where steel balls are
guided through a maze.
Lifting Steel from Water
A steel paper clip can be lifted from water using a
magnet without getting fingers or the magnet wet.
Magnetic Experiments
Magnets can demonstrate how magnetic fields can
influence other objects without direct contact.

16. Keeping Magnets Safe
To keep magnets safe, store them in pairs with opposite
poles facing each other. Place a piece of wood between
them and add two soft iron pieces across the ends. Avoid
heating, dropping, or hammering magnets as this can
weaken them. Keep magnets away from electronic devices
to prevent interference.