FARM MACHIENARY agriculture engering of b.tech

farm machienay of agri

1. FARM MACHIENeRY K.MONIKA S.MONISHA V.PRIYADHARSHINI a.POOJA SHREE

2. FARM MECHANIZATION Farm machinery refers to the various tools and machines used in agricultural production, such as tractors, harvesters, plows, cultivators, seeders, and sprayers. These machines are used to perform different tasks such as planting, harvesting, tillage, and spraying, and they can be either self-propelled or towed by a tractor Farm mechanization is the application of engineering and technology in agricultural operation to do a job in a better way to improve productivity. This includes development, application and management of all mechanical aids for field production, water control, material handling, storing and processing. 

3. History In the early 19th century, animals were the chief source of power in farming. Later in the century, steam power gained in importance. During world war I gasoline- (petrol-) powered tractors became common, and diesel engines later became prevalent. In the developed countries, the number of farm workers has steadily declined in the 20th century, while farm production has increased because of the use of machinery. Different stages of agricultural development and level of mechanization manual Using manual tools Using animal for implements and machines Using animal and mechanical power combined Using mechanical power Automatic machines

4. HISTORY OF TRACTORS IN INDIA The socialist oriented five-year plans of the 1950s and 1960s aggressively promoted rural mechanisation via joint ventures and tie-ups between local industrialists and international tractor manufacturers In early 2000s, India overtook the united states as the world's largest producer of four-wheel tractors. 2013, India produced 619,000 tractors accounting for 29% of world's output, as the world's largest producer and market for tractors. India currently has 16 domestic and 4 multinational corporations manufacturing

5. Benefits of farm mechanization 1 )Timeliness Of Operation 2) Precision Of Operation 3) Improvement Of Work Environment 4) Enhancement Of Safety 5) Reduction Of Drudgery Of Labour 6) Reduction Of Loss Of Crops And Food Products 7) Increased Productivity Of Land 8) Increased Economic Return To Farmers 9) Improved Dignity Of Farmers 10) Progress And Prosperity In Rural Areas

6. Farm mechanization In seedbed preparation, the mechanization level is higher in rice and wheat crops as compared to other crops. The mechanization level for sowing operations is the highest for wheat crops (65%). The mechanization levels in planting/transplanting operations for sugarcane and rice crops are 20% and 30%, respectively. In harvesting and threshing, the mechanization levels in rice and wheat crops are more than 60% and very less in cotton crops.

7. MARKET SHARE

8. Largest and fastest growing market- Asia pacific

9. MAJOR PLAYERS – ASIA PACIFIC Source: Morder Intelligence

10. Mechanization in india Mechanization level in india is about 40-45 percent with states such as UP, haryana , and punjab having very high mechanization levels but north-eastern states having negligible mechanization The use of improved implements has the potential to increase productivity by up to 30 percent and reduce the cost of cultivation by up to 20 percent. At present, indian farmers are adopting farm mechanization at a faster rate in comparison to the recent past. According to world bank estimation that the percentage of agricultural workers in the total workforce would drop to 25.7% by 2050 from 58.2% in 2001 .

11. Overall farm mechanization in india Overall farm mechanization in India is 40-45%. Source: Presentation by Dr. Kanchana K. Singh, ADG

12. MAJOR PLAYERS – india Source: Mordor intelligence

13. Tractor sales in india source: Tractor junction research

14. CROP WISE AND REGION WISE ADOPTION OF FARM MEACHANIZATION Source : Evaluation and impactassessment of SMAM

15. Indian farm mechanization market value Source: UNESCAP CSAM

16. Market segmentation

17. Attribute Details By type Tractors Harvesters Soli preparation and cultivation Irrigation and crop processing Agriculture spraying equipment By Automation Automatic Semi-automatic Manual By end users Original Equipment Manufacturers(OEMs) Aftersales By Geography North America (USA , Canada and Mexico ) Europe ( Germany ,France, U.K, Rest of Europe) Asia pacific ( Japan,China,India,South korea and Rest of Asia Pacific)

18. iiii Source: research gate- connect2india Year : 2020

19. India’s export of ag. Machineries by countries

20. Major tractor exporting countries Source: pressreleaselframe

21. DRIVERS OF FARM MEACHANIZATION Global drivers and emerging trends Global population Increase in demand for food, fibre and fuel Emerging trends in mechanisation Labour shortages in developing nations Precision agriculture Time efficiency Government support and schemes Source: The future of food and agriculture – Trends and challenges, FAO 2017, Mechanizing the world FederUnacoma 2019, Industry reports and PwC analysis

22. A) Rashtriya krishi vikas yojana : It is a state government scheme launched on 29 th may 2007 . 100% subsidy is provided to the farmers. The main purpose is to develop agriculture sector keeping in mind the agroclimatic, natural resources and technology. This assistance is provided for farm mechanization, advanced and women friendly equipment. Agricultural machinery schemes and subsidies

23. B)Sub-mission on agricultural mechanization: This scheme has been started to help small and marginal farmers. Funds are released for setting up and distribution of custom hiring centers, agricultural machinery banks and the establishment of hi-tech hubs.

24. C)National food security mission: The main objective of this scheme is that instead of buying new agricultural machinery, the old machinery should be made better. This should be focused because the continuous use of agricultural machinery does bring some drawbacks

25. D)subsidies For specific machines in india : Since the cost of machines are high and unaffordable, the government has implemented certain subsidies in order to encourage the farmers participation. The government has also aid them financially to buy the necessary machines and equipments . For instance, the land conservation department offers a 90% subsidy to the women establishments for purchasing the machines.

26. E) Nabard loan: Under this scheme, a subsidy of upto 30% is provided on the purchase of tractors. Apart from this, upto 100% subsidy is given for other agricultural machinery.

27. Objectives: To make available various farm machinery/ equipments to small and marginal farmers. To offset the adverse economies of scale due to high cost of individual ownership. To improve mechanization in places with low farm power availability. To provide hiring services for various agricultural machinery/implements applied for different operations. To expand mechanized activities during cropping season in large areas especially in small and marginal holdings. To provide hiring services for various high value crop specific machines applied for different operations. Custom hiring centers

28. Schemes in tamilnadu The administration in tamil nadu is offering assistance under the agricultural mechanization program . Accordingly, aids in purchasing a variety of machines namely power tiller, paddy trans-planter, rotavator, seed drill, zero till seed, fertilizer drill, bund former, and power sprayer. Besides, it also assists to buy machines that are operated by tractor- straw baler, power weeder, and brushcutter . Nonetheless, it provides 40% and 50% subsidy to general and SC/ST farmers respectively. Additionally, the farmer is given the option to select the machinery of their choice. Accordingly, the government allots rs 30.75 lakhs for supporting the initiative.

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