Ferrous sulphate

Ferrous sulphate

1. Mahpara Gondal
Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy

2. Ferrous sulfate
0Iron(II) sulfate or iron(II) sulphate) or ferrous sulfate
denotes a range of salts with the formula FeSO
4·xH
2O.
0These compounds exist most commonly as the
heptahydrate (x = 7) but are known for several values of x.
0FeSO4.H2O (Mineral, relatively rare)
0FeSO4.4H2O (Mineral, relatively common, white)
0FeSO4.5H2O (Mineral, relatively rare)
0FeSO4.6H2O (Mineral, relatively rare)
0FeSO4.7H2O (Mineral, relatively common, blue-green)

3. Cont…
0Iron Known since ancient times as copperas and as
green vitriol, the blue-green heptahydrate is the most
common form of this material. All the iron(II) sulfates
dissolve in water to give the same aquo complex
[Fe(H
2O)
6]
2+
, which has octahedral molecular
geometry.

4. Occurrence
0All mentioned mineral
forms are connected
with oxidation zones of
iron-bearing ore beds
(pyrite, marcasite,
chalcopyrite, etc.) and
related environments
(like coal fire sites).
Many undergo rapid
dehydration and
sometimes oxidation.

5. Physical Properties
Formula: FeSO4
Mol Wt : 279 g/mol
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance: It occurs in greenish crystals or crystalline
powder
Odor: Odorless
Density: 1.895 g/cm
3
(heptahydrate)

Solubility: soluble in water. Salt dissolve in 1-5 times of its wt
of water at 25 C & about less than half of its weight of boiling
water to form solution and Negligible in alcohol.
Melting Point: 60–64 °C (heptahydrate) decomposes
PH: Acidic.

6. Chemical properties
0On heating, iron(II) sulfate first loses its water of
crystallization and the original green crystals are
converted into a brown colored anhydrous solid.
When further heated, the anhydrous material releases
sulfur dioxide and white fumes of sulfur trioxide,
leaving a reddish-brown iron(III) oxide.
Decomposition of iron(II) sulfate begins at about
680 °C (1,256 °F).
2 FeSO
4 → Fe
2O
3 + SO
2 + SO
3

7. Cont….
0Like all iron(II) salts, iron(II) sulfate is a reducing agent.
0For example, it reduces nitric acid to nitrogen monoxide
and chlorine to chloride:
6 FeSO
4 + 3 H
2SO
4 + 2 HNO
3 → 3 Fe
2(SO
4)
3 + 4 H
2O + 2 NO
6 FeSO
4 + 3 Cl
2 → 2 Fe
2(SO
4)
3 + 2 FeCl
3

0Upon exposure to air, it oxidizes to form a corrosive brown-
yellow coating of "basic ferric sulfate", which is an adduct
of iron(III) oxide and iron(III) sulfate:
12 FeSO
4 + 3 O
2 → 4 Fe
2(SO
4)
3 + 2 Fe
2O
3

8. Preparation
0The best grade of ferrous sulfate is obtained by dissolving
iron in diluted H2SO4 and concentrating to crystallization.
Iron is dissolve in dilute H2SO4, after efflorescence
diminishing, the liquid is filtered, concentrated and finally
cooled at room temperature, green crystals will appear.
Fe + H
2SO
4 → FeSO
4 + H
2
0In the finishing of steel prior to plating or coating, the steel
sheet or rod is passed through pickling baths of sulfuric
acid. This treatment produces large quantities of iron(II)
sulfate too as a by-product.

9. Cont…
0Ferrous sulfate is also prepared commercially by
oxidation of pyrites in heap leaching process.
2 FeS
2 + 7 O
2 + 2 H
2O → 2 FeSO
4 + 2 H
2SO
4

10. Applications
0Together with other iron compounds, ferrous sulfate
is used to fortify foods and to treat iron deficiency
anemia. Constipation is a frequent and uncomfortable
side effect associated with the administration of oral
iron supplements. Stool softeners often are prescribed
to prevent constipation.
0ferrous sulfate was used in the textile industry for
centuries as a dye fixative. It is used historically to
blacken leather and as a constituent of ink.

11. Cont…
0Green vitriol is also a useful reagent in the
identification of mushrooms
0It has been used in the purification of water by
flocculation and for phosphate removal in municipal
and industrial sewage treatment plants to prevent
eutrophication of surface water bodies.
0Ferrous sulfate can also be used to stain concrete and
some limestones and sandstones a yellowish rust
color

12. Dosage forms
0Fer-In-Sol (oral solution, 220mg (44mg
Fe)/5mL)

0Ironorm® Drops

0FERIFOL : Ferrous sulphate 200mg + folic
acid BP/tablet

0FEROPLUS-TR :Ferrous sulphate 150mg +
folic acid 0.5mg/capsule

13. Ferrous Fumarate
Iron(II) fumarate, also known as ferrous fumarate, is
the iron(II) salt of fumaric acid, used to supplement iron
intake.
Pure ferrous fumarate has an iron content of 32.87%,
therefore one tablet of 300 mg iron fumarate will
contain 98.6 mg of iron.

14. Physical properties
Formula: C4H2FeO4
Mol Wt : 169.90 g/mol

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Appearance: It occurs in Reddish orange to Reddish
brown Odor: Odorless
Density: 2.435 g/cm
3

Solubility: slightly soluble in water.
Melting Point: 280 °C

15. Chemical properties
0Ferrous fumarate a new salt of iron which is quite
stable to
0Oxidation
0hydration

0Even in a hot, Humid Atmosphere this salt remain
stable as compared to ferrous sulfate and ferrous
gluconate.

16. Preparation
0When fumaric acid react with ferrous sulphate
heptahydrate forms ferrous fumarate over 70C

17. Uses
0Ferrous fumarate use as a hematinic and patients
exhibit good tolerance to it.

18. Brands
0Feral (ferrous fumarate 150mg, Folic acid 0.5mg)
0Dosage form: tablet


0Olifol (Ferrous fumarate 150mg)
0Dosage form: Tablets