final PPT STP Sewerage treatment plants around Dal Lake.pptx

Sewerage treatment plants around Dal Lake

1. Introduction Dal lake is situated in the heart of Srinagar city and plays a significant role in the life of local population and for tourism sector . The lake has four interconnected basins namely Hazratbal, Bod Dal, Gagribal and Nageen . Almost 90% of water enters the lake from catchment through various channels and mainly through Tailbal N allah . 10% of water of lake is from many springs rising from the lake bed . Over the years, the lake is receiving untreated sewage generated from hotels, commercial establishments, residential areas, agricultural activities, etc. which contaminates the water of Dal Lake to a large extent.

2. Area of the lake Measurements of the lake carried out by Sir Walter Lawrence in 1895 and its comparison with the measurements done by Satellite Imagery and the Revenue authorities in 2009 Description Year 1895 ETS survey carried out by Revenue Authorities in 2009 Satellite Imagery 2009 Total area 9.9846 Sq. Miles (25.86 Sq.Kms) 49432 kanals (25 Sq.Kms) 25.76 Sq.Kms Water surface 7.0346 Sq. Miles (18.21 Sq.Kms) 39226 Kanals (19.83 Sq.Kms) 20.21 Sq.kms Landmass/ fixed cultivation 2.96 Sq. Miles (7.65 Sq. Kms) 10206 K 18 M (5.17 Sq.Kms) 5.55 Sq. Kms

3. Conservation of Dal Lake National lake conservation programme (NLCP) was sanctioned in 2005 for conservation of dal lake with total cost of Rs 298.76 Cr against which 295.55 Cr have been released so far. Rs 280.80 has been booked as expenditure against workdone . Detailed project report (DPR) was prepared by alternate hydro energy center (AHEC) IIT RORKEE. The DPR includes diversion of raw sewage discharged into lake to six sewage treatment plants with total capacity of 36.7 MLD(however the STPs of Bari Nambal and hotel Heemal is combined and routed to single STP at Bari Nambal ) F inally five STPs were proposed to treat the domestic sewage households at Habak, Hazratbal, Nishat Laam, Bari Nambal and Nala Amir Khan.

4. Scenario of Sewerage around Dal- Nageen Lakes STP Habak STP Hazratbal STP Nallah Amir Khan STPs Brari Numbal IPS 2 IPS 5 IPS 6 IPS 8 IPS Nishat IPS 3&4 IPS Nageen IPS Shanpora STP Laam IPS Saderbal

5. Area under sewerage network in srinagar city Total area of Srinagar city = 246.00 Sq km Area under the jurisdiction of LAWDA for sewerage network = 13.79 Sq Km Total length of sewerage network under the jurisdiction of LAWDA = 111.51 Km with following breakup: Sr. No. Total length of sewerage network Targets (KMs) Achievements (KMs) 1 Main/ Trunk sewer 24.19 23.43 2 Secondary/ lateral sewer 87.32 79.03 Total 111.51 102.47 The balance 9.04 KMs is being executed and works are in progress.

6. Uncovered area In addition to above jurisdiction we have uncovered area of 19.70 Sq Kms for which 30 MLD STP with MBR technology proposed to be constructed at Gupt Ganga with a design period up to 2035. All the areas in and around shall be connected to STP through sewerage network which is being surveyed and shall be completed within two months.

7. Sewerage network around Dal- Nageen Lakes Total households 55300

8. STP at Hazratbal (FAB Technology) with catchment area Total households 10600 All the households are connected to sewerage network however there are some structures/ establishment which have come up for last 2 years and are yet to be connected to sewerage network, the work of which is going on.

9. STP Habak (FAB Technology) with catchment area Total households 4700 The uncovered structures are being connected by sewerage network which is in progress.

10. STP Laam (FAB Technology) with catchment area Total households 5000 The uncovered structures are being connected by sewerage network which is in progress .

11. STP at Nallah Amir Khan (SBR Technology) with catchment area Total households 7600 The uncovered structures are being connected by sewerage network which is in progress .

12. STP at Brari Nambal (SBR Technology)with catchment area Total house holds 23000 There are some areas which are yet to be connected within the jurisdiction of UEED. The sewerage network is being place in position and shall be connected to IPS Saidakadal which shall further be taken to STP at Brari Nambal .

13. Site location of Proposed STP with catchment area Proposed site Total households 12000 The Surveying and design of Sewerage Network is going on and shall be completed by ending May 2019.

14. Details of STPs constructed by the Authority S.No Site Capacity Technology Cost of work (in lacs) Year of construction 1 STP Laam 4.5 MLD FAB / MBBR Rs 281.75 2005-06 2 STP Habak 3.2 MLD FAB / MBBR Rs 241.79 2005-06 3 STP Hazratbal 7.5 MLD FAB / MBBR Rs 366.81 2005-06 4 STP Brari Nambal 16.1 MLD SBR Rs 2160.00 2012-13 5 Nallah Amir Khan 5.4 MLD SBR Rs 1190.00 2012-13

15. FAB Based STPs The design comprising preliminary, primary and secondary treatment having following unit operation and processes . Preliminary treatment coarse screen receiving sump Screens grit chamber primary treatment fluidized aerobic bio-reactor (FAB-A & FAB-B) secondary treatment (chemical precipitation cum disinfection) F locculator cum tube settler ( Poly Aluminum Chloride- used as coagulant) chlorine contact baffled launder (sodium hypo chlorite- used as disinfectant)

16. The domestic sewage from various households in the respective areas under gravity is conveyed through coarse screen to pumping station and pumped to the receiving sump of the STP’s. The raw sewage is pumped to the screens and grit chamber for removal of small particles and grit. The preliminary treated sewage is rooted to FAB A and FAB B operating in series for bio-oxidation of carbonaceous matter and nutrient removal. The effluent from FAB B is dosed with coagulant (PAC) and routed to Flocculator unit for chemical precipitation for enhanced phosphorous removal. The sludge generated is settled in tube settler. The clarified effluent from tube settler is dosed with sodium hypochlorite in baffled launder for disinfection. The settled sludge from tube settler is routed to sludge thickener for thickening followed by centrifugation for dewatering. FAB STPs (working process)

17. Sr. No. Item Particulars 1 Location HABAK HAZRATBAL NISHAT LAAM 2 Population served at the time of commissioning 18036 47974 21784 3 Water consumption 172.50 lpcd 172.50 lpcd 172.50 lpcd 4 Area covered 192.20 ha 258.89 ha 411.38 ha 5 Date of commissioning February 2006 February 2006 February 2006 6 Technology implemented Fluidized Aerobic Bioreactor Fluidized Aerobic Bioreactor Fluidized Aerobic Bioreactor 7 Site Area 600 m 2 1123 m 2 850 m 2 8 Design Flow 3.2 MLD (133.33 m 3 /h) 7.5 MLD (312.5 m 3 /h) 4.5 MLD (187.5 m 3 /h) 9 Sewage characteristics considered for design       PH 7.0 – 7.5 7.0 – 7.5 7.0 – 7.5 COD 350-480 mg/l 350-480 mg/l 350-480 mg/l BOD 150-270 mg/l 150-270 mg/l 150-270 mg/l TSS 100-160 mg/l 100-160 mg/l 100-160 mg/l Total Phosphate 2.9-6.5 mg/l 2.9-8.5 mg/l 2.9-6.5 mg/l Ammonia nitrogen 2.5-6.5 mg/l 2.5-6.5 mg/l 2.5-6.5 mg/l Nitrate nitrogen 0.45 – 2.2 mg/l 0.45 – 2.2 mg/l 0.45 – 2.2 mg/l Fecal Coliforms 1x10 6 – 10 7 MPN/ 100ml 1x10 6 – 10 7 MPN/ 100ml 1x10 6 – 10 7 MPN/ 100ml 10 Operating agency M/s Earth Waters M/s Earth Waters M/s Earth Waters 11 Mode of operation Continuous Continuous Continuous 12 Unit operations and processes 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   13 Course screen chamber 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   14 Receiving sump 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   15 Bar screen channel 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   16 Grit chamber 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   17 Fluidized aerobic bio reactor - A 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   18 Fluidized aerobic bio reactor –B 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   19 Clariflocculator cum tube settler 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   20 Chlorine contact launder 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   21 Wetland - - -   22 Sludge sump 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   23 Sludge Thickener 1 No. 1 No. 1 No.   24 centrifuge 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. Details of sewage Treatment Plant at Habak, Hazratbal and Nishat Laam in Srinagar

18. The final treated effluent from STP at H azratbal is discharged through the floating garden and then into Dal Lake while at N ishat L aam, the treated effluent is routed to a channel and after travel of approximately 1 km is finally discharged into Dal Lake. However, at H abak , the final treated effluent is routed through a wet land provided for territory treatment before discharging into B ota kul nallah that finally meets Dal Lake. Final disposal

19. Present status The plants were designed for the year 2015 and are presently overloaded due to which the affect on the process is as :- The hydraulic retention time (HRT) of biological design in FAB A and FAB B seems to be less due to which there is decline in treatment efficiency specially in ammonical and nitrate nitrogen. The plants are performing well in all design parameters except for N & P removal as is seen in the test reports. Conclusion The performance assessment of the operational STP at Hazratbal, Habak and Laam indicates that the STP’s are not performing to the current permissible limits and as such requires up gradation in terms of all nutrient removal as well as other latest norms of treatment.

20. Physico -chemical parameters of STP Hazratbal as on 14-01-19 as per research wing of LAWDA s.no Parameters Unit Raw Final % reduction Permissible limits as per CPCB 1 Ph 7.1 7.3 2. Dissolved oxygen Mg/l 1.2 4.3 3. Nitrate nitrogen Mg/l 0.7 0.8 4. Amm . Nitrogen Mg/l 20.0 15.0 25 <5 5. Ortho phosphate Mg/l 1.3 0.6 53.3 <2 6. T. Phosphate Mg/l 2.5 1.4 44 7 COD Mg/l 238 90 - <50 8. Fecal coliform Col/100ml .8X10 5 .7X10 3 <230 9. Total coliform Col/100 ml 1.6x10 5 0.9x10 3 BOD- 17.5 mg/ ltr as per reports of SPCB dated 24.11.2018

21. Physico -chemical parameters of STP Laam as on 04-01-19 as per research wing of LAWDA s.no Parameters Unit Raw Final % reduction Permissible limits as per CPCB 1 Ph 7.1 7.5 2. Dissolved oxygen Mg/l 1.2 4.2 3. Nitrate nitrogen Mg/l 0.7 0.5 4. Amm . Nitrogen Mg/l 20.0 7.0 36.4 <5 5. Ortho phosphate Mg/l 1.3 0.4 60 <2 6. T. Phosphate Mg/l 2.5 1.2 40 7 COD Mg/l 238 60 - <50 8. Fecal coliform Col/100ml .8X10 5 .8X10 3 <230 9. Total coliform Col/100 ml 1.6x10 5 0.9x10 3 BOD- 16.60 mg/ ltr as per SPCB report dated 24.11.2018

22. Physico -chemical parameters of STP Habak as on 24-01-19 as per research wing of LAWDA s.no Parameters Unit Raw Final % reduction Permissible limits as per CPCB 1 pH 7.1 7.3 2. Dissolved oxygen Mg/l 1.2 3.2 3. Nitrate nitrogen Mg/l 0.7 0.9 4. Amm . Nitrogen Mg/l 20.0 19.0 24 <5 5. Ortho phosphate Mg/l 1.3 1.1 47.6 <2 6. T. Phosphate Mg/l 2.5 1.6 50 7 COD Mg/l 238 74 - <50 8. Fecal coliform Col/100ml .8X10 5 .9X10 3 <230 9. Total coliform Col/100 ml 1.6x10 5 1.0x10 3 BOD- 20 mg/ ltr as per report of SPCB dated 24.11.2018

23. Augmentation/ up gradation of FAB based old STPs (for effluent BOD levels less than 10) The IIT, Roorkee has prepared the DPR for up-gradation of STPs at Hazratbal, Habak and Laam based on FAB Technology in September 2016. These DPRs have been prepared individually as under:-  Hazratbal STP - Rs . 19.80 Crores Habak STP - Rs.11.76 Crores Laam STP - Rs.14.36 Crores Total - Rs.45.92 Crores  The DPR has been submitted to the Government for AAA. The Government has released Rs.9.00 Crores for the purpose so far . (unspent) After up-gradation the plants shall be functional as per latest CPCB norms for next fifteen years. During up-gradation period due to non-availability storage facility the un-treated sewage shall go directly into lake. I n order to avoid direct disposal of un-treated sewage into lake it is proposed that the up-gradation process of these STPs shall be taken up in hands once 30 MLD plant at Gupt Ganga Nishat is commissioned. However interim measure can be taken in order to optimize the functioning of these STPs.

24. Interim measures to be taken inorder to optimize the performance of three FAB based STPs. Principal Secretary HUDD conveyed meeting in his office chambers at Delhi in order to get the suggestions from M/s Thermax Ltd. in order to take the interim measures for optimizing the efficiency of existing FAB based STPs till proposed 30 MLD STP is commissioned. Accordingly M/s Thermax Ltd. s uggested as: Aeration needs to be improved by keeping the air blower 100% functional and the air piping grid within the reactors needs to be cleaned There is a need for increasing the quantum of media within the reactors. The quantum of media should always be 25 – 30 % in volume to capacity of reactor volume. Chemical dosing is to be recalculated and checked with respect to design parameters with the help of Research & Monitoring wing of LAWDA and ensure the availability of chemicals/equipment. The existing plants were designed for BOD < 30 mg/liter at the time of commissioning long ago and by adhering above recommendation it will improve the efficiency of existing infrastructure and meet the design parameters only. Now the norms are further stringent with BOD < 10mg/Liter for which we have to redesign the biological system, this is to ensure the latest norm of CPCB set for BOD. In addition to BOD we have to look at nutrient removal i.e Nitrogen & Phosphorous as per PCB norms this will require additional system such as Anxious zone along with redesigned biological system which is similar to SBR system working at Nallah Amir khan and Bari Numbal . These plants ( Nallah Amir khan and Bari Numbal ) were also designed long ago for BOD < 20 mg/L and now the norms are further stringent to less than 10 mg/l. M/S Thermax Ltd however recommended that in order to increase the efficiency of plants (FAB based) significantly, J&K LAWDA needs to engage some expert consultants who can conduct detailed analysis of these plants. Since the treated Sewage will either be used for horticulture, gardening or will be discharged into lake therefore above plants are to be revamped and modified to meet the latest CPCB norms and conserve our lake body for ensuring treatment of N &P also .

25. Tentative cost and timeline statement for interim measures S.No Particulars Recommendations of M/S Thermax Tentative Cost Anticipated Time line 01   FAB Based STPs   Aeration needs to be improved by keeping the air blower 100% functional and the air piping grid within the reactors needs to be cleaned. Rs 30.00 Lacs Four months . 2. There is a need for increasing the quantum of media within the reactors. The quantum of media should always be 25 – 30 % in volume to capacity of reactor volume capacity. Rs 15.00 Lacs Three months.   3. Chemical dosing is to be recalculated and checked with respect to design parameters with the help of Research & Monitoring wing of LAWDA and ensure the availability of chemicals /equipment . Rs 25 lacs Two months Note : - these changes will ensures the plants (FAB based) to run as per their design parameter (for BOD) for next three years.

26. SBR STPs (working principle/process) The Domestic Sewage from various localities are under gravity conveyed through coarse screen to pumping stations and pumped to receiving sump of STPs. The raw sewage is pumped to the screens and stilling chamber after removal of coarse screen material. Stilling chamber/ grit mechanism: the incoming sewer process through stilling chamber reduce its velocity for fine screening with the help of mechanical/ manual screen bars. Preconditioning/ buffer tank: the quantum of incoming sewer is calculated by the SCADA System and is directed into preconditioning tank, the excess flow (if and when required) is dropped into storage tank. The biological process starts from the preconditioning tank. SBR Process: there are five stages in SBR process Fill. React. Settle. Decant. Idle. Sequential batch reactors are a type of activated sludge process for the treatment of waste water. The SBR reactors treat waste water in batches. Oxygen is bubbled through the mixture of waster water and activated sludge to reduce the organic matter (BOD and COD).

27. Sr. No. Item Particulars 1. Location Brari Nambal Nallah Amir Khan 2. Population served (2017) 115331 38816   3. Water consumption 172.50 lpcd 172.50 lpcd 4. Date of commissioning June 2013 February 2013 5. Technology implemented Sequential Batch Reactor Sequential Batch Reactor 6. Design Flow  16.1 MLD (13 MLD present flow)   5.4 MLD (3.5 MLD present flow) 7. Sewage characteristics considered for design  Inlet parameters of sewage   Inlet parameters of sewage   PH 7.0 – 7.5 7.0 – 7.5   COD 350-480 mg/l 350-480 mg/l   BOD 150-270 mg/l 150-270 mg/l   TSS 100-160 mg/l 100-160 mg/l   Total Phosphate 2.98-8.52 mg/l 2.9-8.52 mg/l   Ammonia nitrogen 2.5-6.5 mg/l 2.5-6.5 mg/l   Nitrate nitrogen 0.45 – 2.2 mg/l 0.45 – 2.2 mg/l   Fecal Coliforms 1x10 7 MPN/ 100ml 1x10 7 MPN/ 100ml 8. Operating agency M/s Thermax Ltd. M/s Thermax Ltd. Details of sewage Treatment Plant at Brari Nambal and Nallah Amir Khan in Srinagar

28. 09. Mode of operation Continuous Continuous 10. Unit operations and processes 1 No. 1 No. 11. Course screen chamber 2 No. 2 No. 12. Receiving sump 1 No. 1 No. 13. Bar screen channel 2 No. 2 No. 14. Grit chamber 2 No. 2 No. 15. SBR Tanks Pre-Conditioning Tank 01 No. 01 No. Aeration/ settlement Tank (01) 01 No. 01 No. Aeration tank (02) 01 No 01 No Aeration Tank (03) 01 No 01 No Aeration/ settlement Tank (04) 01 No 01 No Sludge Stabilization Tank 01 No. 01 No. 16. Equalization/ buffer Tank 01 No. 01 No. 17. Chlorine Contact Tank 01 N o. 01 N o. 18. Sludge Sump 01 No. 01 No. 19. Sludge Thickener 01 No. 01 No. 20. Centrifuge 02 No. 02 No.

29. Present status S.No STP Designed flow Present flow BOD (mg/ ltr ) As per R&M LAWDA BOD (mg/ ltr ) As per SPCB Remarks 01 Bari Numbal 16.1MLD 13MLD 8 12.6 As per report of R&M dated 09.01.2019. As per report of SPCB dated 24.11.2018 02 Nallah Amir Khan 5.4MLD 3.5MLD 20 27 As per report of R&M dated 12.01.2019 As per report of SPCB dated 24.11.2018 The plants are presently running as per their design parameters.

30. Proposed 30 MLD STP at Gupt Ganga Nishat . As per the 7 th Monitoring Committee for Preservation and Conservation of Dal- Nigeen lake held under the chairmanship of Chief Secretary J&K state on 23 rd Feb 2017 the decision for setting up a common STP has been take which is reproduced here under:- “It was decided to have the common STP (30 MLD) and additionally to upgrade the three STPs (15.2 MLD) simultaneously which will lead to 45 MLD capacity of Sewerage treatment. The funding shall be arranged by the HUDD In three years time frame”. T here are areas from Ishber , Nishat uphill towards Shalimar extending up to Batpora which are without sewerage treatment facility . The sewerage generated from these areas ultimately flows into the wet land between NFR, Nishat , Shalimar and Batpora belt. The provision of sewerage system and sewage treatment facility in this belt is needed. Accordingly 30 MLD STP at Gupt Ganaga Nisaht is propsed the DPR of which has been framed by IIT Rorkee in 2018. WORKING PRINCIPLE: Membrane Bio Reactor process: Approx. cost = 80 Crore. Ultimate stage year = 2035. Location: Gupt Ganga Ishber Nishat . Number of households as on date: 12436

31. Recommendations made by M/s Thermax Ltd . for proposed 30 MLD STP The plant has been designed on the basis of latest CPCB norms for the discharge of effluent to lake or to be used for gardening or for horticulture/irrigation purpose on Membrane Bio Reactor technology. The possibility for the disposal of treated effluent to river Jhelum or for its use in irrigation/agriculture purposes needs proper surveying/design through proper consultant which shall take three months period. In order to ensure the sewage is not mixed with anything such as storm water, industrial water, grey water and untreated effluent from restaurants, hotels, hospitals, clinics etc because this plant is not designed to treat their effluent . All these establishments have to put up their treatment plants or systems in their own premises before they discharge anything into existing system. As for as ensuring the treatment of oil and grease discharged into this new proposed system M/S Thermax Ltd intent to put up screening mechanism at the inlet and mechanical grit separators to take care of this problem. However detailed report may obtained from the consultant who have designed the proposed 30 MLD plant .

32. Present status for proposed 30 MLD STP. The proposed plant have been designed by IIT Roorkee with ultimate design year of 2035 population and tender have been already floated. Pre-bid meeting has also been conducted with intending bidder on 27/02/2019 and tender shall be finalized for its allotment by the end of April 2019. The plant shall be operational by 2022. Survey and design for Sewerage network for uncovered area shall be completed in next two months i.e by end of May 2019 .

33. Total capacity of all the STPs S.No Name of STP Capacity 01 Hazratbal 7.5 MLD 02 Habak 3.2 MLD 03 Laam 4.5 MLD 04 Nallah Amir Khan 5.4 MLD 05 Bari Numbal 16.1 MLD 06 Gupt Ganga Ishbar (proposed) 30.0 MLD 07 Total 66.7 MLD Total sewage generation around the periphery of Dal and Nigeen Lake (as on date)= 44.2 MLD

34. Sewerage work in progress

35. MISSED LINKS CHERRY PARK LAL BAZAR JAN MOHALLA LAL BAZAR

36. MISSED LINK AT BOTA KADAL

37. MISSED LINK AT SYED COLONY HABAK

38. MISSED LINK UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR UNIVERSITY OF KASHMIR

39. MISSED LINK AT ZEETHYAR NISHAT

40. MISSED LINK AT VAKEEL COLONY BREIN

41. MISSED LINK AT POHLOO BREIN

42. Thank you