Fire extinguisher

About Fire Extinguisher.

1. FIRE EXTINGUISHER

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Types of fire Types of fire extinguisher Parts of fire extinguisher How it works How to use fire extinguisher Rules for fighting fires Precautions Advantage and disadvantage Refrence

3. INTRODUCTION A fire extinguisher is an fire protection device used to extinguish or control fires in emergency situations.

4. There are three things mainly required for fire ●oxygen ●heat ●Fuel By removing any of the above we can extinguish fire

5. TYPES OF FIRE  Different fuels create different fires and require different types of fire extinguishing agents. They are as follows: Class A Class A fires are fires in  ordinary combustibles  such as  wood, paper, cloth, trash, and plastics . Class B Class B fires are fires in  flammable liquids  such as  gasoline, petroleum oil and paint . Class B fires also include  flammable gases  such as  propane  and  butane . Class B fires do not include fires involving cooking oils and grease.

6. Types of fire Class C Class C fires are fires involving  energized electical equipment  such as  motors, transformers, and appliances . Remove the power and the Class C fire becomes one of the other classes of fire. Class D Class D fires are fires in  combustible metals  such as  potassium, sodium, aluminum , and magnesium . Class K Class K fires are fires in  cooking oils and greases  such as  animals fats  and  vegetable fats .

7. Types of fire extinguisher Water and Foam Water and Foam  fire extinguishers extinguish the fire by taking away the  heat  element of the fire triangle. Foam agents also separate the  oxygen  element from the other elements. Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only - they should not be used on Class B or C fires. The discharge stream could spread the flammable liquid in a Class B fire or could create a shock hazard on a Class C fire. Carbon Dioxide Carbon Dioxide  fire extinguishers extinguish fire by taking away the  oxygen  element of the fire triangle and also be removing the  heat  with a very cold discharge. Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They are usually ineffective on Class A fires.

8. Dry Chemical Dry Chemical  fire extinguishers extinguish the fire primarily by interrupting the  chemical reaction  of the fire triangle. Today's most widely used type of fire extinguisher is the multipurpose dry chemical that is effective on Class A, B, and C fires. This agent also works by creating a barrier between the  oxygen  element and the  fuel element on Class A fires. Wet Chemical Wet Chemical  is a new agent that extinguishes the fire by removing the heat of the fire triangle and prevents re-ignition by creating a barrier between the  oxygen  and  fuel  elements. Some may also be used on Class A fires in commercial kitchens. Clean Agent Clean Agent  extinguishers include the halon agents as well as the newer and less ozone depleting halocarbon agents. They extinguish the fire by interrupting the  chemical reaction  of the fire triangle. Clean agent extinguishers are primarily for Class B & C fires. Some larger clean agent extinguishers can be used on Class A, B, and C fires.

9. DIFFEENT TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER

10. PARTS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER Label The label describes the type of extinguisher. Different types are combustible, liquids, electrical and flammable metals. Handle and operating level The handle and lever are located at the top of the extinguisher.

11. Locking pin The locking pin is a safety guard that should be left in position until we are actually ready to use your extinguisher. Pressure gauge The pressure gauge is located at the top. It indicates whether the tank is full or empty. Discharge Nozzle The nozzle is also at the top and should be pointed in the direction of the fire when using the extinguisher.

12. HOW IT WORKS Portable fire extinguishers apply an extinguishing agent that will either cool burning fuel, displace or remove oxygen, or stop the chemical reaction so a fire cannot continue to burn. When the handle of an extinguisher is compressed, it opens an inner canister of high-pressure gas that forces the extinguishing agent from the main cylinder through a siphon tube and out the nozzle. A fire extinguisher works much like a can of hair spray.

13. HOW TO USE FIRE EXTINGUISHER Fire extinguisher is used By using PASS technique

14. LABELING THE EXTINGUISHER Labeling the Extinguisher. All portable fire extinguishers must be approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory such as Underwriters Laboratories and Factory Mutual Research (FM) . Equipment that passes the laboratory's tests are labeled and given an alphanumeric classification based on the type and size of fire it will extinguish.

15. For Example... 4-A:10-BC The letters (A, B, and C) represent the types of fires for which the extinguisher has been approved. The number in front of the rating indicates how much water the extinguisher is equal to and represents 1.25 gallons of water for every unit of one. For example, a 4-A rated extinguisher would be equal to five (4 x 1.25) gallons of water. The number in front of the B rating represents the area in square feet of a class B fire that a non-expert user should be able to extinguish. Using the above example, a non-expert user should be able to put out a flammable liquid fire that is as large as 10 square feet.

16. Remember the basic procedure: •Raise the alarm and call 112. • Move person(s){ patients ,relative of patients and staff } from immediate danger where appropriate Usually through two sets of exit doors . • Close all doors and windows behind you . But don’t delay or put lives at risk. • If safe to do so, tackle the fire If you are trained and have the correct extinguisher for the job .

17. ● Never use water to extinguish an electrical fire ● Never place anything in front of fire extinguisher. ● Fire extinguisher must be inspected regularly atleast once a month. ● Never allow others to enter even if they insist. ● Never enter the building, zone or department when the alarm is ringing PRECAUTIONS

18. ADVANTAGE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER is used to extinguish fire and protect our houses ,industries and offices etc from burning It occupy very less space. The device is long lasting. Some disposable types have a shelf life of twelve to fifteen years. You only have to see to it that you observe proper maintenance. You can also refill other types.  

19. DISADVANTAGE ● If not used by an expert it can have adverse effect or can increase the fire like if we use water on electric fire ,instead of reducing fire will increase. An user must have a knowledge of what type of extinguisher should be used for which type of fire.

20. REFERENCE ● WWW.GOOGLE .COM ●WIKIPEDIA.COM

21. THANKS