FIRST-AID-FOR NICE MODULE TO READ OF YES

FIRST STEP TO BE SAVE

1. FIRST AID FOR ACUTE INJURIES

2. A more thorough evaluation procedure or a secondary survey is performed if the patient is stable. The goal of the secondary survey is to determine the primary injury, severity, muscle function, and joint stability, as well as the location and mechanism of injury or the movement or force that can cause the injury. The inspection or observation process is a passive component of a secondary survey which is usually performed visually and manually. The coach or trainer should inspect for deformity, swelling, discoloration, bleeding, and other possible signs of injury.

3. The following questions can help when performing an inspection: How is the athlete positioned? Is there an obvious deformity, bleeding, skin discoloration etc ? Are there unusual bumps and bruises? Is the bone and joint aligned normally? Does the athlete complain of more pain when pressure is applied?

4. Another aspect of the survey is identifying the location of the injury. The location of the injury helps the coach and trainer understand the possible structures that could be damaged. Identifying the type of pain also helps in identifying the damaged tissues. The severity of the injury is usually related to the amount of pain. The injured athlete can rank the pain (1 being the lowest and 10 the highest) to reflect the amount of pain.

5. It is important that the coach or trainer understand how the movement or force could have injured the body part. It will help in determining the appropriate first aid and how to immobilize the injured part. Lastly, gross movement is the active component of the sedentary survey and it checks muscle weakness and joint stability. The first responder has to make a decision whether the injury needs immobilization, a process of restricting movement of an injured limb to prevent further aggravation. The goal is achieved by using either a rigid splint, soft splint, or anatomical splint.

6. RIGID SPLINT- is usually made of tough materials such as wood, plastic, and plaster of Paris.

7. SOFT SPLINT – newspapers, pillows, and air splint.

8. ANATOMICAL SPLINT- is the immobilization technique wherein the object that restricts movement is another body part of the injured athlete.