First aid for Shock - Nursing students.pptx

First aid for shock. This PowerPoint will be useful for nursing students in first-year

1. SHOCK

2. SHOCK Dangerous condition Not enough oxygen-rich blood reaching vital organs such as brain and heart Caused by anything that significantly reduces blood flow Life-threatening emergency May develop quickly or gradually It requires emergency treatment to prevent permanent organ damage and death.

3. TYPES OF SHOCK

4. HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK Severe blood loss. If the blood loss exceeds 1.2 litres (this is about one-fifth of the normal blood volume of an adult), shock may occur. Due to external and/or internal bleedings. Loss of other body fluids include diarrhoea , severe burns, etc.

5. CARDIOGENIC SHOCK Caused by heart problems, such as damage to the heart muscle, A n irregular heart rhythm, or a very slow heart rhythm.  When the heart is damaged, it can't supply enough blood to the body.

6. ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK Due to severe allergic reaction, such as to certain foods/medications/ insect bite . 

7. SEPTIC SHOCK Caused by infections, such as a bacterial infection that leads to sepsis.  Sepsis occurs when bacteria multiply in the blood and release toxins.  M ortality rate between 40% -50%. NEUROGENIC SHOCK C aused by damage to the nervous system, such as from a spinal cord injury. 

8. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK Initially Rapid pulse P ale looks C old clammy, sweaty skin.

9. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK As shock develops Rapid, shallow breathing Rapid, weak pulse D izziness or fainting; weakness E yes appear to stare A nxiety or agitation Seizures Confusion or unresponsiveness L ow or no urine output B luish lips and fingernails S weating N ausea and vomiting might occur. May become restlessness and aggressive. May complain of chest pain

10. Shock – First aid What we need to do?

11. Treat the possible cause of shock that you can detect, such as a severe bleeding. In cases of vomiting put the casualty in the recovery position.

12. Loosen the tight clothing.

13. Important exceptions include hypothermia (low body temperature) hypoglycaemic shock (low blood sugar in a diabetes patient), diarrhoea and fever leading to dehydration and in case of heat exhaustion or heatstroke when the person remains conscious

14. If the casualty loses consciousness, put him in the recovery position. If the casualty stops breathing, start CPR.