First aid management of Wound

Bsc nursing student 4th year,Purbanchal university

1. Binita Bhattarai 1 2/24/2019

2. First aid management of wound Prepared by- Binita B hattarai Bsc . Nursing 4 th yr 6 th batch Binita Bhattarai 2 2/24/2019

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4. wound A wound is any damage or break in the surface of skin which disturbs the continuity of skin. It also refers to the abnormal break in the skin from where blood escapes. Binita Bhattarai 4 2/24/2019

5. Types of wound Open wound : An open wound is one in which there is a cut or break in the continuity of the skin or mucus membranes. In opened wound ,skin is broken which allows blood to escape from the body. There are different types of wound: Incisions : caused by a clean ,sharp-edged object such as a knife, a razor. L acerations: irregular tear-like wounds by some blunt trauma. Binita Bhattarai 5 2/24/2019

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7. Contd.. Abrasions (grazes): superficial wounds in which the topmost layer of the skin is scraped off. Puncture: produced by sharp pointed object piercing the deep tissues,leaving a very small opening on the surface. Penetration: caused by an object such as a knife entering and coming out from skin. Gunshot : caused by a bullet or similar projectile driving into or through the body. Binita Bhattarai 7 2/24/2019

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10. Contd.. Closed wound: closed wound allow blood to escape from the circulatory system but not from the body where skin is not broken. Contusions :more commonly known as bruises,caused by a blunt force trauma that damage tissue under the skin. Hematoma : collection of blood under the skin. Binita Bhattarai 10 2/24/2019

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12. Contd. Crush injury: caused by extreme force applied over a long period of time. Acute wound: disturbs the tissue. Chronic wound : slow process that lead to tissue damage Binita Bhattarai 12 2/24/2019

13. Types of wound Binita Bhattarai 13 2/24/2019

14. Principles of wound care Control of bleeding When there is an injury presents, blood usually follows. Bleeding is the body’s way of trying to clean out the germs from the wound. But the continuous bleeding can leads to shock. So it is necessary to control the bleeding immediately. Binita Bhattarai 14 2/24/2019

15. Contd ….. Steps to control bleeding are: Cleaning the wound Direct pressure Elevation Rest and relaxation Dressing Binita Bhattarai 15 2/24/2019

16. Principles of wound care Control of bleeding Binita Bhattarai 16 2/24/2019

17. Contd ….. Prevention from wound infection Open wound is more prone to have infection due to contact with outer environment. I nfection prevention is needed to promote wound healing faster. It can be obtained by: Removal of germ embedded in wound at the time of injury. Protection of wound against germs implanted after the injury. Giving tetanus toxoid Binita Bhattarai 17 2/24/2019

18. First aid management For minor wounds Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and clean water, Avoid touching the wound with your fingers(use disposable gloves). Don’t talk,cough,sneeze over the wound or dressing. If the wound is dirty ,clean it by rinsing lightly under running water from tap. Binita Bhattarai 18 2/24/2019

19. Contd.. Pat gently dry with a sterile swab. Temporarily cover the wound with sterile gauze. Clean the skin around it with soap and water. Use new swab for each stroke. Pat dry,then cover the wound with an adhesive dressing. Binita Bhattarai 19 2/24/2019

20. First aid management For major wounds Call for medical help. Apply continuous firm, direct pressure to wound, using clean cloth or bandage until bleeding stops. If bleeding soaks through bandage, don't remove the original bandage. Apply more bandages and pressure. Get medical help to cleanse and close the wound Monitor and treat for shock if present. Binita Bhattarai 20 2/24/2019

21. First aid management For externally bleeding wounds Don’t apply a tourniquet unless trained to do so. Don’t push anything back into the skin. Don’t apply antibiotic cream unless wound is minor and cleaned first. Don’t remove blood soaked bandages. Don’t put pressure on an object sticking out of a wound. Don’t use pressure points nor elevation. Binita Bhattarai 21 2/24/2019

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