FIRST AID oF Hemmorhage: preparing for the immediate care

This ppt aim to enhance the knowledge regarding preliminary action when one witness injury causing bleeding.
Content included in ppt:
Introduction
Definition of Hemmorhage
Classification of bleeding: according to injured blood vessel (arterial venous capillary), according to body surface (revealed or external, concelled or internal)
Sign and symptoms of hemmorhage
First Aid for external bleeding
First aid of internal bleeding
Management of bleeding

1. FIRST AID OF HEMORRHAGE PRESENTED BY : HARMEET KAUR NURSING TUTOR UCON, FARIDKOT

2. INTRODUCTION Blood is the vital fluid present in the body, carries oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. Loss of blood due to any reson beyond a certain point is potentially life threatening and may lead to exanguination . The word hemorrhage is synonymous with bleeding. Escape of blood from ruptured blood vessel.

3. HEMORRHAGE Hemorrhage refers to excessive blood loss due to rupture of blood vessel associated with an absolute reduction in circulatory blood volume. OR Hemorrhage or bleeding is defined as abnormal flow of blood from an artery, vein and capillary due to injury or rupture.

4. TYPES OF HEMORRHAGE ACCORDING TO RUPTURE OF BLOOD VESSEL : Arterial bleeding Venous bleeding Capillary bleeding Red color

5. TYPES OF HEMORRHAGE ACCORDING TO BODY SURFACE : External bleeding Internal bleeding

6. HEMORRHAGE ACCORDING TO BODY SURFACE REVEALED OR EXTERNAL : Bleeding can be seen by naked eye From an open wound e.g.; abrasion, laceration, avulsion, amputation etc. CONCEALED OR INTERNAL : Bleeding can’t be seen by naked eye. Occurs in one of the body cavities such as abdomen or in skull. Can result from: blunt trauma or penetrating injury acute or chronic illness

7. SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF HEMORRHAGE EARLY SIGN & SYMPTOMS Restless & anxiety Fainting Cool extremities Pallor Patient feels thirsty SIGN & SYMPTOMS OF SEVERE HEMORRHAGE Extreme pallor Air hunger Rapid thready pulse Extremely low blood pressure Extreme thirst Diminished urine output Blindness, tinnitus & coma occur prior to death

8. FIRST AID FOR EXTERNAL HEMORRHAGE Find the location of bleeding If any foreign body is visible, remove that to prevent further injuries. Clean the wound with clean cloth. Provide comfortable position to the victim,

9. CONT… Put clean/sterile gauge on wound and press firmly for 10 minutes to stop bleeding. If bleeding continues after 10 minutes then raise that body part above the level of heart to decrease blood flow to the area.

10. CONT… Keep victim warm and recheck circulation every 20-30 minutes Raise legs of the victim 8-12 inches, to treat shock Immediately transport him/her to nearby medical facility.

11. FIRST AID FOR INTERNAL HEMORRHAGE Lay the victim in comfortable position. Immobilize the victim. Reassure the casualty. Provide blanket to keep body warm, according by weather. Check ABC, if victim is unconscious.

12. CONT… Don't allow the victim to take anything by mouth. Keep the victim in side lying position to prevent aspiration if he/she is unconscious.

13. CONT… Raise his/her leg 8-12 inches by pillow to treat shock. Immediately take him/her to the hospital.

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