Fish classification

classification of fishes by Nelson

1. FISH CLASSIFICATION PRESENTED BY HADIA KHADIJA ID#04021613013 BS-ZOOLOGY (VIII) Department of Zoology, QAU Islamabad

2. OUTLINE INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-2016 REFRENCE

3. INTRODUCTION Fish are aquatic vertebrates with gills and fins rather than lungs and legs. Fish represent huge diversity in shape, size, color, and habitat. In geologic time they preceded the other vertebrate groups which are derived from them .

4. INTRODUCTION Fish share with vertebrates a basic body plan of bilateral symmetry, with a dorsal supporting structure the notochord as a precursor to the series of harder vertebrae. Currently, fish are the most numerous vertebrates representing roughly 50 percent of al vertebrate species now alive. In 2016, Nelson reported 32,000 species of Fish.

5. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata) Superclass Agnatha (Jawless Fish) Class Cephalaspidomorphi Subclass Cyclostomata Order Myxiniformes (Hagfishes) Order Petromyzoniformes (Lampreys)

6. AGNATHA-JAWLESS FISHES Order: Myxiniformes Family: Myxinidae Genus: Eptatretus Species: E. stoutii (Pacific hagfish) Order: Petromyzontiformes Family: Petromyzontidae Genus: Petromyzon Species: P. marinus (sea lamprey)

7. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata) Superclass Gnathostomata (Jawed Fish) Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilagnous Fish) Subclass Holocephali Order Chimaeriformes (chimaeras)

8. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata (Craniata) Superclass Gnathostomata (Jawed Fish) Class Chondrichthyes Subclass Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) Order Heterodontiformes (Port Jackson shark) Order Hexanchiformes (cow shark) Order Squaliformes (dogfish) Order Lamniformes (basking shark, mackerel shark) Order Rajiformes (rays)

9. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Holocephali Order: Chimaeriformes Family: Chimaeridae Genus: Hydrolagus Specie: H. colliei Chimaeras Subclass: Elasmobranchii Order: Heterodontiformes Family: Heterodontidae Genus : Heterodontus Specie: H. portusjacksoni Port Jackson shark Subclass: Elasmobranchii Order: Hexanchiformes Family: Hexanchidae Genus: Hexanchus Specie: H. griseus Cow shark

10. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Elasmobranchii Order: Squaliformes Family: Squalidae Genus: Squalus Specie: S. acanthias Dogfish Subclass: Elasmobranchii Order: Lamniformes Family: Cetorhinidae Genus: Cetorhinus Specie: C. maximus Baskingshark Subclass: Elasmobranchii Order: Rajiformes Family: Aetobatidae Genus: Aetobatus Specie: A. narinari Spotted eagle ray

11. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Superclass Gnathostomata Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish) Subclass Crossopterygii Order Coelacanthiformes (Latimeria) Subclass Dipneusti (lungfishes) Order Ceratodontiformes Order Lepidosireniformes Subclass Brachiopterygii (bichirs) Order Polypteriformes ( Polypterus )

12. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Dipnuesti Order: Ceratodontiformes Family: Neocrodontidae Genus: Neoceratodus Specie: N. forsteri Queensland lungfish Subclass: Dipnuesti Order: Lepidosireniformes Family: Protopteridae Genus: Protopterus Specie: P. aethiopicus Marbled lungfish Subclass: Brachiopterygii Order: Polypteriformes Family: Polypteridae Genus: Polypterus Specie: P. delhezi Polypterus Subclass: Crossopterygii Order: Coelacanthiformes Family: Latimeriidae Genus: Latimeria Specie: L. chalumnae Latimeria

13. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Superclass Gnathostomata Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fishes) Subclass Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons and paddlefish) Order Lepisosteiformes (gars) Order Anguilliformes (eels) Order Cypriniformes (carps, suckers, and loaches) Order Salmoniformes (salmon)

14. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Lepisosteiformes Family: Lepisosteidae Genus: Lepisosteus Specie: L. oculatus Spotted gar Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Anguilliformes Family: Angullidae Genus: Anguilla Specie: A. Anguilla European eel Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Acipenseriformes Family: Acipenseridae Genus: Acipenser Specie: A. oxyrinchus Sturgeon

15. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Cypriniformes Family: Cyprinidae Genus: Cyprinus Specie: C. carpio Common carp Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Salmoniformes Family: Salmonidae Genus: Salmo Specie: S. sala Atlantic salmon

16. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-1984 Superclass Gnathostomata Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fishes) Subclass Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) Order Beloniformes (flying fishes) Order Lophiiformes (anglerfishes) Order Siluriformes (catfishes) Order Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks) Order Tetraodontiformes (triggerfish)

17. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Lophiiformes Family: Lophiidae Genus: Melanocetus Specie: M. johnsonii Humperback anglerfish Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Siluriformes Family: Siluridae Genus: Silurus Specie: S. melas Black bullhead catfish Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Beloniformes Family: Exocoetidae Genus: Parexocoetus Specie: P. brachyterus Sailfin flying-fish

18. GNATHOSTOMATA-JAWED FISHES Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Tetraodontiformes Family: Balistidae Genus: Balistapus Specie: B. undulatus Orange-lined triggerfish Subclass: Actinopterygii Order: Gasterosteiformes Family: Gasterosteidae Genus: Gasterosteus Specie: G. microcephalus Sticleback

19. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-2016 Nelson and colleagues separated the hagfish from the lampreys and all other extant fish on the basis of lack of any vertebral elements in hagfish. There is a small group of ‘relict fish’ (lungfish, coelacanth, and bichirs) which show a variety of primitive characteristics indicating their status as remnants of very ancient lineages. Class Osteichthyes now have two Subclasses. Subclass Actinopterygii (most bony fish) Subclass Sarcopterygii (bony fish species close to terrestrial vertebrates)

20. CLASSIFICATION BY NELSON-2016 Phylum Chordata Subphylum Craniata Infraphylum Myxinimorpha (Hagfish) Infraphylum Vertebrata (Vertebrates) Superclass Petromyzontimorphi (Lampreys) Superclass Pteraspidomorphi Superclass Anaspidomorphi Superclass Thelodontimorphi Superclass Osteotracomorphi Superclass Gnathostomata (Jawed Fish) Class Chondrichthyes_ according to old classification Class Osteichthyes Subclass Actinopterygii Subclass Sarcopterygii

21. REFRENCE BOOK: ESSENTIAL FISH BILOLOGY : Diversity, Structure, and Function AUTHORS: DEREK BURTON AND MARGARET BURTON

22. THANK YOU