Flower arrangement

flower arrangement is important in hotels. various styles of flower arrangement are discussed. flowers used for arrangements. equipments required , etc.

1. Flower Arrangement in HotelsFlower Arrangement in Hotels
Dr. Bhavya Khamesra

2. Flower arrangement is an old art. In India flowers are
used in temples, during festivals.
Flowers are used for interior decoration. They add
colour, warmth, appeal and create an atmosphere.
Flower arrangements are used extensively in hotels.
Large arrangements are used in lobby, restaurants and
public areas. Simple arrangements are used for rooms.
For restaurant table a simple bud in vase can be done.
The type of arrangement depends on a) area
b) occasion

3. Housekeeper is responsible for flower decoration.
There is a florist section / shop in the housekeeping.
Some flower decoration can be given to outside
contractor also. A part time florist can be appointed.
Flowers do not last for a long time. Fresh flowers
become stale and wilted, and then they die.
Flowers are very expensive and flower arrangement is a
costly art.
Nowadays artificial flowers are also in use. Dried
flowers are also becoming popular but they have the
risk of catching fire.

4. Principals of good designPrincipals of good design

5. MATERIALS USED FOR FLOWER MATERIALS USED FOR FLOWER
ARRANGEMENTARRANGEMENT
Mechanical equipments
Keeps flowers and foliage in position in the container.
Foam, green foam, wire mash, pin holder, prong, florist’s cone,
adhesive clay, setting clay, non setting clay, adhesive tape, glue,
pebbles,
Equipments and tools
Bucket, watering can, florist’s scissors, mister( spray bottle), knife,
cutter, paint, finish, candle holder, cocktail stick(toothpick), table,
containers
They hold the arrangement
Vase, jug, basket, bowl, tray, rose bowl
Miscellaneous objects
Glass, wine , kettle, sauce pan

6. WHEN BUYING FLOWERSWHEN BUYING FLOWERS
Put flowers in water bucket immediately,
cut ends immersed In water.
Do not place in direct sunlight. Keep
flowers away from machines.
Foliage should be firm.
Choose blooms at just open stage.
( blooming)

7. CARE FOR FLOWERSCARE FOR FLOWERS
Flowers are very expensive and delicate. They get damaged very
fast. We have to take special care of them. Following principles
should be followed.
Gather flowers in morning or evening hours.
Put in water for at least 1 hour so that stem drinks water.
Cut flower stem at least 2 inches. Cut stem at slant not straight.
Cut stem inside the water to prevent air bubble inside the stem.
Very thick stems can have more than 1 cut.
Woody / hard stems should be scrapped then used to prolong its
life.
Remove leaves on the lower part of the flowers. Leaves will rot,
decompose, generate bacteria, reduce life and will give a bad foul
smell.

8. CARE AFTER MAKING FLOWER CARE AFTER MAKING FLOWER
ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS
Even after making flower arrangement care has to be
taken. After making arrangements they can become
loose, look stale after few hours. To maintain its
freshness some points should be considered.
Keep flower arrangements away from machines, heat,
sunlight, fan, window, appliances.

9. Keep away from fruits, smell etc.
Spray lukewarm water in morning and evening.
Change water every day. Never use chilled water.
Add some ammonia, listerine, charcoal, salt, lemonade,
sugar, camphor, aspirin. It will slow down the bacterial
growth and prolong the life of flowers.

10. TYPES OF FLOWER TYPES OF FLOWER
ARRANGEMENTSARRANGEMENTS
Various types of flower arrangements are
made for different occasions.
There are garlands, baskets, bouquets, tabletop
arrangement, standing, hanging arrangements.
Arrangements can be symmetrical or asymmetrical in
shape.
Symmetrical means it looks evenly distributed and takes
in account various principles of design.
Asymmetrical means that principles of design are not
followed. It looks different at different levels.

11. Styles of flower arrangementsStyles of flower arrangements
Overall there are 3 styles of flower arrangements
1. Indian style – garlands, flower rangoli,
2. Western style – front facing, all round , table top,
hanging
3. Japanese style – living flowers, simple arrangements

12. WESTERN STYLE WESTERN STYLE
All round – can be seen from all sides. Kept at center of hall.
Can be oval /square shaped. it uses shallow container.
Facing – can be seen from front side. Flowers are on front
side.
Bunch in a vase – simple arrangement kept on restaurant
table in a short vase
Biedermeire – flat/ domed mass in round/ rectangular
shallow container. It is circular/ rectangular in shape and is a
low height arrangement.
Byzantine cone – it has cone shape and is circular
arrangement.
Vertical line – it has bold central axis with flowers
along the axis. It has good height.

13. Triangular – the outer lines are along the lines of a triangle.
Used a lot.
Circular - contrast coloured flowers in dominant round form
different flowers are used at top, middle, bottom levels. It
uses shallow container.
Crescent – looks like a moon (half or quarter moon). It is
asymmetrical in nature. Flowers with soft/ pliable stems
should be used so they can bend easily.
Fan shape – short arrangement in shape of a fan. Kept on
table. It is symmetrical.
Hogarth shaped / S shaped – it has soft pliable stems of
flowers. It gives a look of S shape. It is kept in a long vase.

14. Circular / center Crescent / moon

15. Front/ facing triangular biderimere

16. Hogarth shaped/ S shape Fan shaped

17. Verticle line Crescent inverted

19.   
VARIOUS TYPES OF FLOWERS VARIOUS TYPES OF FLOWERS
USED FOR DECORATION:USED FOR DECORATION:
  
WESTERN FLOWER- rose (red, white, purple, pink)
gladioli, chrysanthemums, lily, dahlias, orchids, hyacinth,
petunia, hibiscus, bird of paradise, daisy, tulip, marigold,
gerberas, carnations
INDIAN FLOWERS – rose, lotus, champa,
chameli(jasmine), sada bahar, mogra, kaner(oriander),
raat- raani, gainda(marigold), juhi(touch me not),
surajmukhi( sunflower), gudhal(hibiscus)
FOLIAGE – palm leaves, ferns, crotons, pine leaves,

20. JAPANESE / ORIENTAL FLOWER JAPANESE / ORIENTAL FLOWER
ART- ART- IKEBANAIKEBANA
IKEBENA means maing flowers live in Japanese. This
has 3 main branches (sushi)
SHIN – it means heaven. it is the highest branch,
depicts truth, 2-2 ½ height of container, is tilted at 15
0
from the central axis.
SOE – it means man. It is the second highest branch,
3/4 the height of the container, it provides width to the
arrangement, tilted at an angle of 45
0
from the central
axis.
HIKAE – it means earth. It is the lowest branch, ½
times as tall as man, tilted at an angle of 750 from
central axis.

21. It depicts beauty of nature. 7 branches
represents hills, waterfall, valleys, river,
earth, man, heaven.
The main principle is to use as few as
stems, leaves, flowers as possible. Keep
the arrangement simple.
There should be no overcrowding of
stems/ flowers. Tall vases and shallow
containers can be used for ikebana.

22. The major styles of ikebana using tall
vases are:
RIKKA it means standing flowers. It
has got 3/7 branches.
SEIKA/SHOKA it means live flowers,
have 3 branches.
NAGEIRE the flowers are flung /
hanging in the container. 

23. Rikka Sieka

24. Shoka Nageire

26. Other styles of ikebana using shallow/ low height
containers are:
MORIBANA it means stacked up/ piled up flowers.
HANAISHO very low heighted arrangement in
shallow container