FOR-Lec 4 which consists of forest policy.pptx

Forestry and national policy

1. Lec . 4 National Forest Policy 1988 - Objectives & Salient features

2. Forest Policy Policy Preservation , Maintenance and Enhancement of Forest Optimum Utilisation of Forest Resources Attain National Welfare FOREST POLICY: It is defined as a set of principles or guidelines adopted by Government to attain fixed objectives in forestry for the welfare of the nation

3. Background and need First Indian Forest Policy - 1894 First National Forest Policy of Independent India -1952 Many new developments had taken place and concepts of forest management changed. In view of the following perspectives, the need of a new forest policy was felt. Many new forest based industries were being set up - its raw material requirements could not be met from the natural forests, without upsetting the ecological balance Social, community and farm forestry had gained increasing importance in the seventies and eighties National Forest Policy 1988

4. 3. There was a need to address the rights and concessions of the people and recognize the symbiotic relationship between forests and tribals 4. Provisions needed to be incorporated in the forest policy for ecological security, biodiversity conservation and compensatory afforestation The National Forest Policy of 1988 was issued on 7 th December 1988 by the Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests to the Government of India.

5. PREAMBLE Forests in the country have suffered serious depletion due to Ever-increasing demand for fuel-wood, fodder and timber Inadequacy of protection measures Diversion of forest lands to non-forest uses without ensuring compensatory afforestation Tendency to look upon forests as revenue earning resource Conservation includes preservation, maintenance, sustainable utilisation, restoration and enhancement of the natural environment National Forest Policy 1988

6. To maintain the environmental stability and ecological balance To check soil erosion and denudation in the catchment areas and mitigation of floods To check the sand dune extension in deserts and coastal lands To increase the forests and tree cover on the denuded and degraded lands To meet the requirements of fuel-wood, fodder, minor forest produce and small timber of the tribal peoples To conserve the natural heritage To increase the productivity of the forests to meet the various needs To encourage the substitution of wood & reduction of wood usage Basic objectives

7. ESSENTIALS OF FOREST MANAGEMENT Existing forests and forest lands should be fully protected and -their productivity improved Diversion of good and productive agricultural lands to forestry should be discouraged Conservation of biological diversity should be strengthened Provision to provide sufficient fodder, fuel and pasture , specially in areas adjoining forest Minor forest produce provides sustenance to tribal population and to other communities residing in and around the forests National Forest Policy 1988

8. STRATEGY i) Area Under Forest 1/3 in plains and 2/3 in hills and in mountainous regions of the total land area ii) Afforestation, social forestry and Farm forestry Afforestation and tree planting on all degraded and denuded lands Planting of trees alongside of roads, railway lines, rivers, streams and canals and on other unutilized lands. Green belts should be raised in urban/industrial areas Village and community lands – raise tree crops and fodder Land laws should be modified to facilitate and motivate individuals and institutions to undertake tree-farming National Forest Policy 1988

9. STRATEGY iii) Management of state forests Schemes and projects which interfere with forests should be severely restricted No forest should be permitted to be worked without the Government approved the management plan Application of scientific and technical inputs to enhance forest cover and productivity iv) Rights and concessions Rights and concessions enjoyed by tribals and other poor living should be fully protected Their domestic requirements of fuel wood , fodder, minor forest produce and construction timber should be made available through depots at reasonable prices . National Forest Policy 1988

10. STRATEGY v) Diversion of forest lands for non-forest purposes Diversion of forest land for any non-forest purpose should be subject to the most careful examinations by specialists from the standpoint of social and environmental costs and benefits Beneficiaries who are allowed mining and quarrying in forest land should be required to repair and re-vegetate the area vi) Wildlife Conservation Forest Management should take special care of wildlife conservation, National Forest Policy 1988

11. STRATEGY vii) Tribal People and Forests Forest Development Corporations should be to associate the tribal people closely in the protection, regeneration and development of forests viii) Shifting Cultivation Shifting cultivation is affecting the environment and productivity of land, it should be discouraged ix) Forests Encroachments, Fires and Grazing Encroachment on forest lands has to be arrested and effective action taken to prevent its continuance Special precautions should be taken during the fire season to prevent forest fires Grazing in forest areas should be regulated with the involvement of the community National Forest Policy 1988

12. STRATEGY x) Forest-based Industries A forests-based industry should raise the raw material needed for meeting its own requirements , preferably by establishment of a direct relationship between the factory and the individuals Forest-based industries must provide employment to local people in raising trees and raw-material Forest-based enterprise , except that at the village level , should not be permitted in the future Natural forests serve as a gene pool resources , it will not be made available to industries Farmers, particularly small and marginal farmers, would be encouraged to grow wood species required for industries The practice of supply of forest produce to industry at concessional prices should cease. National Forest Policy 1988

13. STRATEGY xi) Forest Extension It is essential to make the conscious on the value of trees, wildlife and nature through institutions like Krishi Vigyan Kendras xii) Forestry Education Agriculture universities and institutions should formulate forestry curricula and courses for imparting professional forestry education and promoting postgraduate research Academic and professional qualifications – in forestry should be kept in view for recruitment to the Indian Forest Service and the State Forest Service National Forest Policy 1988

14. STRATEGY xiii) Forestry Research Increasing the productivity of wood and other forest produce per unit of area per unit time by the application of modern scientific and technological methods Revegetation of barren/marginal/waste/mined lands and watershed areas. Effective conservation and management of existing forest resources (mainly natural forest eco-systems). Research related to social forestry for rural/ tribal development. Development of substitutes to replace wood and wood products. Research related to wildlife and management of national parks and sanctuaries. National Forest Policy 1988

15. STRATEGY xiv) Personnel Management Government policies should aim at enhancing foresters and forest scientist professional competence and status, and attracting and retaining qualified and motivated personnel , keeping in view particularly the arduous nature of duties they have to perform, often in remote and inhospitable places. National Forest Policy 1988

16. STRATEGY xv) Forest Survey and Data Base Inadequacy of data regarding forest resources creates a false sense of satisfaction. Priority needs to be accorded to completing the survey of forest resources in the country on scientific lines and to updating information . For this purpose, periodical collection, collation and publication of reliable data on relevant aspects of forests to modern technology and equipment. xvi) Legal Support and Infrastructure Development Appropriate legislation should be undertaken , supported by adequate infrastructure, at the Centre and State levels in order to implement the Policy effectively. National Forest Policy 1988

17. STRATEGY xvii) Financial Support for Forestry The objectives of this revised Policy cannot be achieved without the investment of financial and other resources on a substantial scale. Such investment is essential for maintaining ecological processes and life-support systems and in preserving genetic diversity. Forests should not be looked upon as source of revenue . Forests are renewable natural resources. They are a national asset to be protected and enhanced for the well being of the people and the Nation. National Forest Policy 1988

18. 1) Latest national forest policy was implemented in the year? a) 1988 b ) 1998 c ) 2008 d ) 2014 2 ) First National Forest policy of independent India was a ) NFP 1927 B ) NFP 1894 C ) NFP 1952 D ) NFP 1988 3) Conservation of natural heritage, biodiversity and genetic resources was introduced in which NFP? a ) 2014 b ) 2006 c ) 1988 d ) 2004 4) 33%under forest cover in plain and 66%tree cover in hills, which policy introduced? a ) NFP 1927 B ) NFP 1894 C ) NFP 1952 D ) NFP 1988 5) Afforestation , social forestry and farm forestry and joint forest management programme are encouraged……… a ) 2014 b ) 2006 c) 1988 d ) 2004 6) First Indian Forest Policy a) 1894 b) 1952 c) 1966 d) 1988