FOREST

A FANTASTIC PPT ABOUT THE TYPES OF FORESTS IN THE WORLD. EXPLORE IT AND GET VAST KNOWLEDGE. HOPE YOU LIKE IT!!!!

1. FOREST

2. Do you know what are forests? The word forest is derived from the Latin word foris meaning –outside the village boundary.It refers to large tracts of land covered by trees, shrubs , herbs and grasses, which also supports a wide variety of life.Forests can be broadly grouped into three categories: tropical,temperate and coniferous.All the three types support different kinds of flora and fauna as they thrive in different climatic conditions . FOREST

3. Tropical evergreen forests are usually found in areas receiving more than 200 cm of rainfall and having a temperature of 15 °C to 30 °C and have annual humidity exceeding 77%. They occupy about seven per cent of the Earth's land surface and harbour more than half of the planet's terrestrial plants and animals. Tropical evergreen forests are dense, multi-layered, and harbour many types of plants and animals. The trees are evergreen as there is no period of drought or frost. The canopy tree species are mostly tall hardwoods with broad leaves that release large quantities of water through transpiration, in a cycle that is important in raising as much mineral nutrient material as possible from the soil. TROPICAL EVERGREEN FORESTS

4. In India, evergreen forests are found on the eastern and western slopes of the Western Ghats in such states as Tamil Nad , Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra. And also found in Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Tripura, West Bengal and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are also found in the hills of Jaintia and Khasi . Some of the trees found in Indian tropical forests are rosewood, mahogany and ebony. Bamboo and reeds are also common. Because of dense foliage competing for light, little direct sunlight reaches the understory.

5. RUBBER TREE ELEPHANTS ANIMAL AND TREE FOUND IN TROPICAL EVERGREEN FOREST

6. The tropical deciduous forest , also known as tropical dry forest , vine thicket , and vine scrub is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Though these forests occur in climates that are warm year-round, and may receive several hundred centimeters of rain per year, they have long dry seasons which last several months and vary with geographic location. These seasonal droughts have great impact on all living things in the forest. Three tropical dry broadleaf forest ecoregions , the East Deccan dry evergreen forests, the Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests, and the Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests are characterized by evergreen trees . Tropical deciduous forest

7. Though less biologically diverse than rainforests, tropical dry forests are home to a wide variety of wildlife including monkeys, deer, large cats, parrots, various rodents, and ground dwelling birds. Mammalian biomass tends to be higher in dry forests than in rain forests, especially in Asian and African dry forests. Many of these species display extraordinary adaptations to the difficult climate. This biome is alternately known as the tropical bane forest biome or the tropical and subtropical deciduous forest biome. Locally some of these forests are also called monsoon forests , and they tend to merge into savannas.

8. Sundari tree Rhino Animal and tree found in tropical deciduous forests

9. Temperate evergreen forests are found largely in the temperate mid-latitudes of Montane North America, Siberia, Canada, Australia, Africa and Scandinavia. Broadleaf evergreen forests occur in particular in eastern North America and in countries around the Mediterranean Basin, such as Lebanon and Morocco. Many subtropical broadleaved evergreen forests occur along the eastern margins of major land masses, e.g., in southeastern United States, southern China and in southeastern Brazil. Other examples include the wet temperate conifer forests of northwestern North America. Temperate evergreen forests are the regional climax vegetation, commonly dominated by hardy trees that can deal with sandy, rocky, and various other soils of poor quality. Most such communities also are subject to intermittent fire, drought and cold. Coniferous temperate evergreen forests are most frequently dominated by species in the families Pinaceae and Cupressaceae TEMPERATE EVERGREEN FORESTS

10. Broadleaf temperate evergreen forests include those in which Fagaceae such as oaks are common, those in which Nothofagaceae predominate, and the Eucalyptus forests of the Southern Hemisphere. There also are assorted temperate evergreen forests dominated by other families of trees, such as Lauraceae in laurel forest. Evergreen forests around the world are under threat of logging, mining, oil and gas developments, pollution, hydroelectric projects and other human developments planned in these areas .

11. Panda family Camphor tree Animal and tree found in temperate evergreen forests

12. Temperate deciduous forests or temperate broad-leaf forests are dominated by trees that lose their leaves each year. They are found in areas with warm, moist summers and mild winters . The three major areas of this forest type occur in the Northern Hemisphere: eastern North America, eastern Asia , and Europe. Smaller areas occur in Australasia and southern South America . Examples of typical trees include oak, maple, beech, and elm. The diversity of tree species is higher in regions where the winter is milder, and also in mountainous regions that provide an array of soil types and microclimates.One of the world's great protected examples of this forest type is found in Great Smoky Mountains National Park . TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS

13. Racoons,foxes,wolves,pumas,lynx,deers,wild horses,shrews,stoats,red and grey squirrels, weasels, woodchucks,robins,eagles,hawks,falcons,beetles , pheasants and butterflies are some of the animal species found in these forests.

14. squirrel Chestnut tree Animal and tree found in temperate deciduous forests:

15. Coniferous forests are made up mainly of cone-bearing or coniferous trees, such as spruces, hemlocks, pines and firs. The leaves of these trees are either small and needle-like or scale-like and most stay green all year around (evergreen). All are softwoods able to survive cold termperatures and acidic soil.Coniferous forests are found mainly in the northern hemisphere, although some are found in the southern hemisphere. The northern coniferous forests are called taiga or boreal forests. They cover vast areas of North America from the Pacific to the Atlantic, and range across northern Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and across Asia through Siberia and Mongolia to northern China and northern Japan CONIFEROUS FORESTS

16. S hort summers and long winters- Coniferous trees thrive where summers are short and cool and winters long and harsh, with heavy snowfall that can last as long as 6 months. The needle-like leaves have a waxy outer coat which prevents water loss in freezing weather and the branches are soft and flexible and usually point downwards, so that snow slides off them. Larches are one example of a coniferous tree found in some of the coldest regions. Unusually for coniferous trees they are deciduous, that is they shed their leaves in winter. Coniferous trees such as cypresses, cedars and redwoods are found in warmer regions .

17. SOME OF THE TREES AND ANIMALS FOUND IN CONIFEROUS FORESTS