framed structure theory of structure notes

framed structure theory of structure notes

1. FRAMED STRUCTURE LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE COMPOSITE STRUCTURE S.Y. B.ARCH .

2. LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE It is a structure comprising of Slabs, and walls. A load-bearing wall or bearing wall is a wall that is an active structural element of a building, which holds the weight of the elements above it, by conducting its weight to a foundation structure below it. Load-bearing walls are one of the earliest forms of construction Such type of structures are most suited where Hard Strata of soil is available at shallow depth. . 

3. Brick foundation needs larger foundation area W.R.T RCC framed structure, because load bearing capacity of brick is much less than that of RCC. Residential buildings are small in size and are up to Three Storey are constructed as load bearing structures. Load from slab/roof or trusses and floors are transmitted through walls to the subsoil below ground through their foundations.

4. FRAMED STRUCTURE A framed structure in any material is one that is made stable by a skeleton that is able to stand by itself as a rigid structure without depending on floors or walls to resist deformation. It is a structure comprising of Slabs resting on beams and Beams are supported by a network of Columns.  Materials such as wood,  steel , and  reinforced concrete , which are strong in both  tension  and compression, make the best members for framing.

5.   Loads from the slabs are transferred to the beams and beams rest over columns and whole load of the structure is transferred to the subsoil below the ground through columns and their footings. Here, walls just act like partitions and none of them bears load. R.C.C is the most suitable material to withstand external loads like compressive ,tensile ,torsion and shear along with moment, so all framed structures are constructed with R.C.C . Generally all multi stored buildings or high-rise buildings are constructed as framed structure.

6. COMPOSITE STRUCTURE A composite structure is a combination of both load bearing as well as framed structure or R.C.C. structure. In this type of structure external walls are treated as load bearing walls and all intermediate supports are in the form of R.C.C. columns.  Here the load of slabs is transmitted to the subsoil below the ground by load bearing walls and columns through foundations. Composite structures are preferred for buildings having large spans such as workshops , halls , large factories shed , go downs etc. They been very remarkable for Huge or Tall buildings around the world.

7. Difference Between Load Bearing Structure and Frame Structure: The major  difference between load bearing structure  and  framed structure  is members which carries the structural load and transferring the  load  to the subsoil. In  load – bearing structure ,  load  carried by members like walls, whereas  in a framed structure ,  load  carried by members like beams and columns . DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LOAD BEARING AND FRAMED STRUCTURE

8. Sr. No. Load Bearing Structure Framed Structure 1. The cost is comparatively less. Cost is more. 2. Suitable up to two stories. Suitable for any number of stories.     3. Walls are thicker & hence floor area is reduced, so less area is available for use. Walls are thinner than load-bearing system and hence more floor area available for use. 4. Slow construction. Speedy construction. 5. Not possible to alter the position of walls, after the construction The position of walls may be changed, whenever necessary. 6. Resistance to the earthquake is poor. Resistance to earthquake forces is good. 7. Taken deep into the subsoil foundation. Only the columns are taken deep into the subsoil & provided with foundation footing. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LOAD BEARING AND FRAMED STRUCTURE

9. Sr. No. Load Bearing Structure Framed Structure 8. This construction is more labour-intensive. Framed structure is less labour-intensive, but it required different skills.  9. In this construction, life is not much affected even though some standards are not strictly followed. In framed structure, the life of the building is reduced if not done with proper technique, and specifications i.e. codes are not strictly followed.  10. Limitations for providing openings in walls, which will affect the light and ventilation in the room. Large openings in walls are possible.  11. Load-bearing structures can be constructed without expensive plants and machines as compared to a framed structure. Framed structures require expensive plants and machines to construct.

10. Sr. No. Load Bearing Structure Framed Structure  12. Walls have to be built first as they support the slab/roof and hence all walls have to be built simultaneously which is time-consuming. Generally, RCC framed structure is constructed first and the external, as well as partition walls, are constructed later, hence speed is more.  13. In the case of a load-bearing structure, large span areas are not possible. Limitation of span i.e. room sizes is there. In the case of a framed structure, large span areas are possible. No Limitation of span i.e. room sizes.