french bean.pptx

french bean breeding

1. BREEDING IN FRENCH BEAN

2. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 2 Scientific name :- Phaseolus vulgaris Family :- Leguminoceae Chromosome No:- 22 Origin:-Southern Mexico and Central America Progenitor - Phaseolus aborigineus Types of pollination:- Self pollination FRENCH BEAN

3. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 3 BOTANY Habit : Either bushy or pole type ,but are annual Root : Tap root with secondary and tertiary root system Stem : Slender, elongated internodes Leaf : Pinnately trifoliate, leaflets are ovate and pubescent Inflorescence : Raceme

4. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 4 FLORAL BIOLOGY Anthesis : 5 A.M to 7 A.M Anther dehiscence : one evening prior to anthesis Stigma receptivity : Maximum on the day of anthesis

5. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 5 TAXONOMY French bean belongs to the family leguminosae under Phaseolus genus and vulgaris species. The genus Phaseolus possesses four cultivated species, viz: 1 . Phaseolus vulgaris : The common, haricot, snap bean 2. P. coccineus : The runner or scarlet bean 3. P. acutifolius var. latifolius : The tepary bean 4. P. lunatus : The lima, sieve, butter of Madagascar bean. 

6. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 6 PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES 1. IPGR (International Plant Genetic Centre) 3220 2. RCA (Institute for Agro-botany) Hungary 4350 3. IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Research Institute) 3220 4. CIAT (International Centre for Tropical Agriculture) Colombia 35891 5. NBPGR (National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource) at Regional station in Uttarakhand and Shimla

7. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 7 INHERITANCE OF QUALITATIVE CHARACTERS Sl. No. CHARACTER NO. OF GENES TYPE OF GENE ACTION 1 Growth habit Monogenic Indeterminate or climbing habit dominant to determinate habit 2 Pod stringness Monogenic Stringiness dominant to stringlessness 3 Pod surface Monogenic Shiny node recessive to non shiny 4 Earliness Monogenic Early flowering dominant to late 5 Groove of pods Monogenic Non-grooved dominant to grooved 6 Pod shape Polygenic Normal round has a general dominace over other shapes 7 Colour of foliage Digenic Green dominant to variegated, duplicate gene action 8 Hard seed Monogenic Soft seed dominant to hard seed 

8. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 8

9. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 9 INHERITANCE OF QUALITATIVE CHARACTERS Green hypocotyl controlled by single recessive gene. Dark flower colour dominant over white (single dominant gene) Response to photoperiod – single gene involved ( Padha , 1970).   Round pod dominant over flat, long dominant over short, single pair of gene Green pod dominant over Waxy, single dominant gene   Indeterminate growth habit dominant over determinant growth. Single pair of genes   Interlocular cavity governed by single dominant gene.

10. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 10 INHERITANCE OF RESISTANCE TO DISEASE 1.Powdery Mildew A Single Dominant Gene 2.Bean Rust Resistance Dominant or Incompletely Dominant 3.Anthracnose A single dominant gene ,are a lso mex-2 and mex-3 genes 4.Bean Virus Single Recessive Gene, Mo Ri for Bean Virus-1 5.Common Bean Mosaic One Dominant Gene, I Recessive Race SpecificGenes,Bc1,Bc2,Bc3 6.Curly Top Virus Two Epistatic Dominant Genes

11. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 11 BREEDING OBJECTIVES Nonstringy, long pods, flat or round in shape Increased protein content, decreased fibre , decreased hemaglutine content. Early pod harvesting Bush/pole plant type Fruits held high from the ground

12. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 12 BREEDING OBJECTIVES High number of green pods/plant High number of pod clusters/plant High number of primary branches/plant Pod bearing above leaves

13. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 13 BREEDING OBJECTIVES Free from inter-locular space Photo insensitivity & wider adaptability Resistance to disease and pest For fresh market and processing Dry shelled beans with red colour , bold grain M ore shelling percentage

14. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 14 YIELD AND OTHER CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS Total green pod yield Number of pods per plant Number of pod clusters per plant Long tender pods flat pods – increased seed yield. Round to semi-round fibreless pods – vegetable types. Number of seeds per pod – Seed yield Hundred seed weight – indicate boldness and associated with seed yield Growth habit – pole types yield more than bush varieties More number of primary branches indicates vigorous nature of plant and is important character contributes to pod or seed yield. Day neutral type nothing to worry about date of sowing.

15. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 15 BREEDING METHOD Introduction : Pole Type :- Kentucky Wonder, Lakshmi, Pusa H imlata , Swarnalata , SVM-1, TKD1 Bush Type :- Bountiful, Contender, Gaint S tringless , Pant Anupama, Premier Selection - Pant Anupama, Phule S uyash (GK- 7), Swarna P riya (CH-812) Pureline selection : Arka Komal ( sel 9 ), APLS from IIHR 60 collection Pedigree method : IIHR 909 Pod selection from Blue crop X Contender (Arka Suvidha) Hybridization - Arka S uvidha (IIHR 909) Mutation – Pusa Parvati   derived from a mutant waxy type EC 1906

16. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 16 Varieties Resistant for Biotic and abiotic stresses Powdery mildew Contender, Long Kidney, Top Crop Bean rust Kentucky Wonder, VL Boni -1 Common Bean Mosaic Refugee, Robust Anthracnose Cornell49-242 Stem Fly Sel-2, SVM-1, Sel-9, Sel - 4 Aphid Bruna Leaf hopper London Horticultural, Contender, Top Crop Heat and drought Red Mexican

17. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 17 VARIETIES Arka Komal A bush, photo insensitive variety A pure line selection from IIHR-60 (Collection from Australia). Plants erect and bushy, Flat, green straight stringy pods. Seeds light brown, oblong and large. Good transportation and cooking qualities. Seed yield 1500 kg./ha Duration 70 days. Pod Yield 20 t/ha. Susceptible to Rust and Bacterial blight .

18. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 18 VARIETIES Arka Bold (IIHR-220) It i s a bush, photo insensitive variety.   Pods flat, medium long, 1.5 cm width, crisp, stringless. Yield 15 t/ha. in 70 days.   Resistant to Rust and Bacterial blight.

19. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 19 VARIETIES Arka Suvidha Plants are bushy and photoinsensitive Pedigree selection from cross between Blue Crop x Contender Resistant to rust Pods straight, ova, light green, fleshy, stringless and crisp. Duration 70 days Pod yield 19t/ ha

20. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 20 VARIETIES Arka Anoop It i s r esistant to both Rust and Bacterial blight. Pod yield 19.78 t/ha. in 70 days. Crisp with less parchment. Plants bushy and photo insensitive. Derived from cross between Arka Bold(IIHR 220) X Arka Komal T hrough modified Back Cross –Pedigree method

21. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 21 VARIETIES Arka Sharath It has round, string less, smooth pods suitable for steamed beans. Pods are crisp, fleshy with no parchment and perfectly round on cross section. Plants are bushy and photo insensitive and it is suitable for both kharif and rabi seasons. It gives maximum number of pods per plant(44.5) compared to checks. It has high pod yield potential of 18.5 t/ha in 70 days

22. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 22 VARIETIES Sl. No Variety Developing institutions Breeding method Special features 1 Ooty-1 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Moderately resistant to leaf spot, anthracnose and pod borer 2 Pant Anupama (UPF 191) GBPUA&T, Pantnagar Selection from line UPF181 Moderately resistant to bean mosaic and angular leaf spot 3 Phule Suyash (GK-7) MPKV, Rahuri Selection Plant are highly tolerant to wilt and bean mosaic virus 4 Swarna Priya (CH-812) CHES, Ranchi Pure line selection Good cooking quality, suitable for daal preparation 

23. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 23 BUSH TYPES Pusa Parvathi X ray mutant of wax pod EC1906 Arka Komal Photoinsensitive Arka Suvidha Photoinsensitive, resistance to rust Arka Anoop Photoinsensitive, resistance to bacterial wilt and rust Arka Sharath Photoinsensitive Arka Bold Photoinsensitive,flat type,resistance to bacterial wilt Pant Anupama Resistance to angular leaf spot Pant Bean Turkish Brown X Contender Pole types Kentucky wonder Introduction from USA Pusa Himlata TKD1 SVM 1 Contender X PBL257 Lakshmi Contender X Local type

24. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 24 INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION Species crosses Compatibility Utility P. vulgaris X P. coccineus F 1 seeds viable or F 1 plants were fertile Tolerant to frost and viruses P. vulgaris X P. flavescens Crosses readily Rust resistance P. vulgaris X P. lunatus Fertility of F 1 ranged from nil to normal Resistance to diseases and quality parameters

25. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 25 BIOTECHNOLOGY RAPD markers have been used in common beans. RAPD markers linked to disease resistances in common bean are given in table(Kelly and Miklas 1998) Resistance gene Pathogen RAPD markers Size( bp ) Co-1 Anthacnose OF 10 530 Co-2 Anthacnose OQ4 B355 OH20 1440 1000 450 BC-3 BCMV OAD19 690 Mp-1 Macrophomina B386 900 Ur-3 Rust OK14 620 Ur-9 Rust OJ13 1800

26. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 26 BIOTECHNOLOGY The transgenic plants of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) resistant to herbicide Pursuit have been obtained. The genetic transformation was carried out with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 containing binary vector carrying mutant ahas / als and selective nptII genes. Integration of the transgenes into plant genome was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction

27. 12-04-2023 Dept. of VSC. 27 THANKYOU