fruit waxing

fruits

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2. Introduction Fruits benefited by waxing Advantages vs disadvantages of waxing Types of waxes Waxing methods How wax acts Wax coating on apples Wax coating on citrus Conclusion References C ontents

3. Fruit waxing is the process of covering fruits. Natural wax is removed first, usually by washing. Waxing materials may be either natural or petroleum-based. Waxes are often mixed with water or other wetting agents to ensure they are applied thinly and evenly to the outer surface of the product. External appearance is an important attribute of overall fruit and quality Various types of waxes and edible surface coatings may be applied to fruits to improve the cosmetic features (shine, color) of the product. Waxing is recommended only for good quality products because it does not improve the quality of inferior ones Introduction

4. Apple Avocadoes Lemon Grapes Banana Melons Oranges Lime Passion fruit Peaches Pineapples . Fruits benefited by waxing

5. Artificial Appearance Added Cost Surface Burn Wax Whiting ( Chalking Off-flavor development Disadvantages It improves the appearance of produce Reduce Moisture Loss Less Economic Loss Reduced Postharvest Decay It prevents damage and disease ; Replace natural wax Increase the freshness Decrease the rate of transpiration Longer Postharvest Life Less Susceptibility to Chilling Injury Advantages Advantages vs disadvantages of waxing

6. Liquid Paraffin wax method In this method fruits and vegetables are dipped in hot paraffin. Some times resins are added. The main disadvantage of this method is too much of coating material is used. Slab wax method/roller brushing method In this case the wax is pressed against rapidly revolving brushes. But the efficiency is very less Waxing methods

7. 3. Spray method: Spraying of melted wax on the fruit, which is subsequently brushed mechanically until a film of desired thickness is obtained. The wax is dissolved in a suitable solvent. This depends on, The pressure employed Volume of wax used Wax temperature Distance of fruit from the spray Number of spray nozzles. 4. Dipping or cold wax method: Fruits and vegetables are washed and then without being dried are dipped into a wax emulsion of proper concentration. They are dried before packing. Purified wax is odour less, tasteless and nontoxic and it can be heat- sealed.

8. All fruits and vegetables are covered naturally in a cuticle that is a barrier to moisture loss. However , some water vapors can move through the pores, cuticle and micro-cracks in the cuticle. During the process of waxing, a tightly adhering thin firm of the coating substance is applied to the surface of the fruit. The wax coating blocks the pores in the cuticle, which significantly reduces the amount of water vapor loss. How wax acts How wax acts ?

9. Coating of apples is carried out by applying a thin layer of wax on the surface . The coating process can be carried out by either dipping, brushing or spraying with wax. This coating is normally referred to as edible coating. An edible coating is a thin layer that is applied on the surface of a fruit or vegetables which is consumed together with the fruit . An apple with a good waxy coating will store better than one with a partial waxy coating or no waxy coating at all The waxes applied on apples can either be animal wax, vegetable wax or mineral and synthetic wax. The most common wax used on apples is a vegetable wax called carnauba wax or shellac . . Wax coating on Apples

10. Advantages apples can apply wax to improve appearance and increase visual freshness The main reasons are either for preservation, aesthetic (appearance) or the obvious one of replacing the natural wax. The apples are waxed to reduce loss of water hence ameliorating weight loss . Preventing the loss of water in apples also helps to maintain firmness and juiciness. The distributors and sellers of apples can apply wax to improve appearance and increase visual freshness Disadvantages Waxing apples can have some negative effects on the apple fruit. One of the effect is anaerobic respiration that can occur in the fruits since the wax may act as oxygen barrier. The wax can be used to disguise the quality of apples. Waxed apples may look glossy, sleek, shiny, firm and appealing , but they could be soggy and lacking the desirable crispy texture.

11. Citrus fruits are the juiciest among all other fruits. So the waxing coating process is widely used on Citrus fruits. After production of Citrus, Cultivators, Wholesalers, Dealers and sellers adopt the use of Waxes for waxing coating of Citrus. Wax is applied on citrus by dipping. Paraffin based coatings are used to control weight loss while resin water solution containing shellac, alkali resins and emulsifiers used for longer shelf life and better shine. Wax Coating for Citrus has the following advantages : Reduces Weight Loss Maintains Freshness and Firmness Reduces spoilage during transportation and storage Enhances original texture and color of the fruit Wax coating on Citrus

12. Coating improves product appearance, color, crispness, flavor, nutritive value, juiciness, texture . Continuous Mechanization is not available for various coating operations. Safety of food product should be maintained in the coating operations . Many of the coating materials are high in cost and some of the coating operations are also higher cost. This leads to increase the cost of operation of coating. So, we have to reduce the cost of coatings Coatings can extend shelf-life and make product available thought-out the season by • Delay the ripening processes • Delay the color changes • Reduce the weight loss • Maintain the texture • Reduce the decay Conclusion

13. https://propelsteps.wordpress.com/2014/04/27/know-fruit-waxing-and-safe-consuming-of-waxed-fruits / http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/makai-727722-waxing-fruits-ahttp :// http://postharvest.tfrec.wsu.edu/pages/N2I2A http :// www.arimifoods.com/wax-coating-apple-fruits-healthy-or-unhealthy/ http://www.arimifoods.com/wax-coating-apple-fruits-healthy-or-unhealthy / References

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