Velocity Field
Velocity is a vector quantity. The velocity vector can be written in terms of its
three scalar components.
The velocity vector, V indicates the velocity of a fluid particle that is passing
through the point x, y, z at time instant t, in the Eulerian sense. The point x, y, z
is not the ongoing position of an individual particle, but a point we choose to look
at. Hence x, y, and z are independent variables.
The term uniform flow field (as opposed to
uniform flow at a cross section) is used to
describe a flow in which the velocity is
constant, i.e., independent of all space
coordinates, throughout the entire flow field.
In a flow that is uniform at a given cross section, the velocity is constant across
any section normal to the flow, the velocity field is a function of x alone, and thus
the flow model is onedimensional
Steady flowIf properties at every point in a flow field do not change with time,
the flow is termed steady
Timelines, Pathlines, Streaklines, And Streamlines
If a number of adjacent fluid particles in a flow field are marked at a given
instant, they form a line in the fluid at that instant; this line is called a timeline.
Timelines were introduced to demonstrate the deformation of a fluid at successive
instants. Timelines are created by marking a line in a flow and watching how it
evolves over time.
A pathline is the path or trajectory traced out by a moving fluid particle. They
show, over time, the paths individual particles take.
If we focus our attention on a fixed location in space and identify, by the use of
dye or smoke, all fluid particles passing through this point. After a short period of
time we would have a number of identifiable fluid particles in the flow, all of