Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering Lecture.pptx

This takes the overview and prerequsite survey for themodynamics

1. Thermodynamics “Thermodynamics is a funny subject. The first time you go through it, you don’t understand it all. The second time you go through it, you think you understand it, except one or two points. The third time you go through it, you don’t understand it but by the time you are so used to the subject, it doesn’t bother you any more.” - Arnold Sommerfield 1

2. Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering Content:- Unit I - Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering Unit- II – Laws of Thermodynamics Unit- III – Ideal and Real Gases Unit – IV- Properties of Steam Unit-V – Fuels and Combustion Unit –VI- Mechanical energy converting Devices Unit – VII – Sources of Energy 2 MIT,A'bad

3. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 1. When a body A is in thermal equilibrium with a body B, and also separately with a body C, then B and C will be in thermal equilibrium with each other. a) True b) False   2. Which of the following were used as fixed points before 1954? a) The ice point b) The steam point c) All of the mentioned d) None of the mentioned   MIT,A'bad 3

4. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 3. What is the standard fixed point of thermometry? a) The ice point b) The steam point c) The triple point of water d) None of the mentioned 4. All gases and vapours approach ideal gas behaviour at? a) High pressure and high density b) Low pressure and low density c) High pressure and low density d) Low pressure and high density 5. Celsius temperature of the triple point of water is ( in degree Celsius)? a) -0.00 b) 0.00 c) 0.01 d) None of the mentioned   MIT,A'bad 4

5. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 7. Which of the following is chosen as the standard thermometric substance? a) Gas b) Liquid c) Solid d) All of the mentioned  8. A real gas behaves as an ideal gas when? a) Temperature approaches zero b) Pressure approaches zero c) Both temperature and pressure approaches zero d) None of the mentioned     MIT,A'bad 5

6. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 9. The magnitude of mechanical work is the a) product of the force and distance travelled perpendicular to the force b) product of the force and distance travelled parallel to the force c) sum of the force and distance travelled perpendicular to the force d) sum of the force and distance travelled parallel to the force 10. Work done by a system is taken to be a) positive b) negative c) zero d) varies according to situation     MIT,A'bad 6

7. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 11. Work done on a system is taken to be a) positive b) negative c) zero d) varies according to situation 12. Work is a a) point function b) path function c) depends on the state d) none of the mentioned 13. Thermodynamic properties are a) point function b) path function c) depends on the state d) none of the men tioned   MIT,A'bad 7

8. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 14. The differentials of point functions are a) perfect differentials b) exact differentials c) all of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned 15. Cyclic integral of a property is always a) zero b) one c) infinite value d) none of the mentioned 16. Constant pressure process is also known as a) isopiestic process b) isobaric process c) all of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned   MIT,A'bad 8

9. Unit -I Basic Concepts of Mechanical Engineering 17. Work done in a quasi-static process a) depends on the path followed b) independent of the path followed c) depends only on the initial and final states d) none of the mentioned 18. Macroscopic properties p and V are significant only for a) equilibrium states b) non-equilibrium states c) depends on the state d) none of the mentioned 19. In a cylinder, infinitesimal amount of work done by the gas on piston is given by a) F*dl b) p*a*dl c) p* dV d) all of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 9

10. Unit -III Ideal and Real Gases 20. For a constant pressure process, work done is a) zero b) p*(V2-V1) c) p1*V1* ln (V2/V1) d) none of the mentioned 21. For a constant volume process, work done is a) zero b) p*(V2-V1) c) p1*V1* ln (V2/V1) d) none of the mentioned 22. For a process in which pV =C, work done is a) zero b) p*(V2-V1) c) p1*V1* ln (V2/V1) d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 10

11. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 23. The area of the indicator diagram represents the magnitude of the a) net heat transfer by the system b) net work done on the system c) net work done by the system d) none of the mentioned 24. For a two-stroke engine, work done in one minute is given by a) PmALN b) PmALN /2 c) 2PmALN d) none of the mentioned 25. The power available at crankshaft is always _____ indicated power. a) more b) less c) equal d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 11

12. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 26. Mechanical efficiency of engine is given by a) IP/BP b) 1/(BP*IP) c) (BP*IP) d) BP/IP 27. An engine is said to be double-acting, if the working fluid is made to work on both sides of the piston. a) true b) false 28. Shaft uses which kind of motion to do work? a) vertical motion b) horizontal motion c) rotational motion d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 12

13. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 29.The flow work is significant only in a) flow process b) open system c) both of the mentioned c) none of the mentioned 30. The transfer of heat between two bodies in direct contact is called a) radiation b) convection c) conduction d) none of the mentioned 31. Heat flow into a system is taken to be ____, and heat flow out of the system is taken as ____ a) positive, positive b) negative, negative c) negative, positive d) positive, negative MIT,A'bad 13

14. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 32. The transfer of heat between a wall and a fluid system in motion is called a) radiation b) convection c) conduction d) none of the mentioned 33. For solids and liquids, specific heat a) depends on the process b) is independent of the process c) may or may not depend on the process d) none of the mentioned 34. The specific heat of the substance is defined as the amount of heat required to raise a unit mass of the substance through a unit rise in temperature. a) true b) false MIT,A'bad 14

15. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 35. Heat and work are a) path functions b) inexact differentials c) depend upon the path followed d) all of the mentioned 36. Latent heat is taken at a) constant temperature b) constant pressure c) both of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned 37. Which of the following is true? a) latent heat of fusion is not much affected by pressure b) latent heat of vaporization is highly sensitive to pressure c) both of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 15

16. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 38. Heat transfer and work transfer are a) boundary phenomena b) energy interactions c) energy in the transit d) all of the mentioned 39. Energy has different forms which include a) heat b) work c) all of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned 40. Work input is directly proportional to heat and the constant of proportionality is called a) joule’s equivalent b) mechanical equivalent of heat c) all of the mentioned d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 16

17. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 41. The value of constant of proportionality, J, has the value a) 1 b) 0 c) -1 d) infinity 42. It was Joule who first established that heat is a form of energy, and thus laid the foundation of the first law of thermodynamics. a) true b) false 43. Which of the following represents the energy in storage? a) heat b) work c) internal energy d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 17

18. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 44. By first law of thermodynamics, a) Q=ΔE-W b) Q=ΔE+W c) Q=-ΔE-W d) Q=-ΔE+W 45. The expression (ΣW)cycle=(ΣQ)cycle applies only to systems undergoing cycles. a) true b) false 46. Which of the following is the first law for a closed system undergoing a cycle? a) ∫ dW =∫ dQ b) J∫dW =∫ dQ c) ∫ dW = J∫dQ d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 18

19. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 47. Which of the following an be considered as the definition of energy? a) Q=ΔE+W b) Q-W=ΔE c) first law of thermodynamics d) all of the mentioned 48. The first law of thermodynamics gives only the change in energy ΔE for the process. a) true b) false 49. Energy is a a) point function b) property of the system c) extensive property d) all of the mentioned 50. The specific energy, e=E/m is an extensive property. a) true b) false MIT,A'bad 19

20. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 51. (mV 2 )/2 gives the a) macroscopic kinetic energy b) microscopic kinetic energy c) macroscopic potential energy d) microscopic potential energy 52. (m*g*z) gives the a) macroscopic kinetic energy b) microscopic kinetic energy c) macroscopic potential energy d) microscopic potential energy 53. Which of the following types of energy can be present in molecules? a) translational and rotational kinetic energy b) electronic energy and vibrational energy c) chemical energy and nuclear energy d) all of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 20

21. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 54. In an ideal gas there are no intermolecular forces of attraction and repulsion, and the internal energy is a function of temperature only. a) true b) false 55. Which of the following is true in regard to the energy of an isolated system? a) dQ≠0 b) dW≠0 c) E=constant d) all of the mentioned 56. A perpetual motion machine of first kind a) is a fictitious machine b) can supply mechanical work without dissipating energy c) violates first law d) all of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 21

22. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 57. The limitation of the first law is a) does not indicate the possibility of a spontaneous process proceeding in a definite direction b) it assigns a quality to different forms of energy c) indicates the direction of any spontaneous process d) none of the mentioned 58. The enthalpy of a substance(denoted by h), is defined as a) h=u- pv b) h= u+pv c) h=- u+pv d) h=- u- pv 59. In a constant volume process, internal energy change is equal to a) heat transferred b) work done c) zero d) none of the mentioned MIT,A'bad 22

23. Unit -VI Mechanical Energy Converting Devices 60. For an ideal gas, enthalpy becomes a) h=u-RT b) h=-u-RT c) h= u+RT d) h=- u+RT 61. Enthalpy is an intensive property of a system. a) true b) false 62. Heat transferred at constant pressure _____ the enthalpy of a system. a) decreases b) increases c) first decreases then increases d) first increases then decreases MIT,A'bad 23

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