Fundamentals of Research

this slide is about Fundamentals of research. here you find the difference between method and methodology. we can know the what is research and what is not.

1. Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Research

2. What is Research The term “Research” comes from the French word “ Recerchier ” that meant to “Search Again ” Research= Re + Search ‘Re’ means again and again and ‘Search’ means to find out something. Researcher Research problem Conclusion observes a gain & again c ollection of data a nalysis of data

3. What is Research “step-by-step process that involves the collecting, recording, analyzing, and interpreting the information”

4. Examples of Research A farmer is planting two varieties of rice side by side to compare yields. A sociologist is examining the social consequence of divorce. An economist is looking at the interdependence of inflation and foreign direct investment. A business enterprise is trying to examine the effects of advertisement of their products on the volume of sales.

5. What is Good Research “ When it comes to social science in general and management research in particular, good research is research that can influence the human condition whether in society at large or individual organizations where people spend many of their working hours”

6. When Research should be avoided??? Topics with no available information Topics that are too technical Topics that are too narrow Topics that are too broad Personal Stories and information

7. Scientific Research The Chief characteristics which distinguish the scientific method from other methods of acquiring knowledge is that scientist seek to let reality speak for itself, supporting a theory when a theory’s predictions are confirmed and challenging a theory when its predictions prove false. Scientific research in any field of inquiry involves three basic operations: 1. Data Collection: Data collection refers to observing, measuring and recording data or information. 2. Data Analysis: Data analysis refers to arranging and organizing the collected data so that we may be able to find out what their significance is and generalize about them. 3. Report Writing: Report writing is the ultimate step of the study. Its purpose is to convey information contained in it to the readers or audience .

8. “Method versus Methodology” Research methods and Research Methodology are the two terms that are often confused as one and the same. Strictly speaking, they are not so and they show differences between them. If we zone in on the etymology of the word “methodology”, it refers to “method”+ “ology”. ‘Ology’ typically means a discipline of study or a branch of knowledge. Thus technically speaking, methodology is considered to be a study of methods . Method is what you actually did. It is a simple description. You selected, for example, 100 rats and measured their weights. You fed some rats X and some not. A week later you measured their weights again. Methodology is why that should give you a meaningful result and why you used some specified method and not some other one. This would in particular include the way you have controlled for errors, e.g. why you fed the rats for a week rather than a month and why 100 rats you thought were enough.