Game Addiction Neurophysiology and Management.pptx

The way game addiction change neurophysiology of the brain. The circuits implication in game addiction the danger of it.

1. Neural Substrates Of Internet Game Addiction Dr. Ahmed Gaber Prof of Neurology - Ain Shams University

2. Internet Game Disorder The “45th China Internet Development Statistics Report” showed that mobile Internet users account for an absolute majority of Internet users, accounting for 99.3 percent, while mobile Internet game users account for 59 percent of mobile Internet users. Internet addiction (IA) was the most common addiction type among Asian students, with the majority of IA being reported as online gaming addiction. This disorder can harm to the community, families, and individuals and is especially detrimental to the physical and mental health of students. The average 13-24 year-old person in the United States spends 16.7 hours per week using the Internet for activities other than email; this compares with the 13.6 hours per week spent watching television

3. Psychopathology Impulse control disorder Immediate reward system (early gratiefier ) Dopamine based reward circuits (dopaminergic projections from ventral tegmentum to ventral striatum) SPECT based studies showed that dopamine release in the ventral striatum during a motorbike riding ,computer game, is comparable to that induced by psychostimulant drugs such as amphetamine and methylphenidate. Down regulation of D2,3 rec in striatum more in males> girls D3>D2 related to impulsvity esp in SN and its connection to dorsal striatum

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Motor Circuit Direct D1 Indirect D2 Striatum Thalamus Striatum Striatum Indirect D2 Direct D1 Thalamus Thalamus NORMAL AKINETIC DYSKINETIC

5. D2 D1 Sub P CORTEX G G GPe STN GPi/SNr TH G SN D G ST NORMAL So,NY ACH

6. Motor vs Motivation circuit ( Connectome ) Both dopaminergic neural circuits Relay to ventromedial prefrontal cortex rather than motor cortex Amygdala may be involved D3 rather than D2 Thalamus is integrated in the circuit but not VIM, The Nucleus Accumbens . Ventral striatum activation >> Pleasure of anticepatio n

7. Tripartite System In Game Addiction Positive correlation in the neural pathways connecting the putamen-MFG-insula when facing gaming cues, which is missing in individuals with IGD. Additionally , the difference in effective connectivity patterns between groups showed an inhibitory effective connection from the putamen to the MFG in IGD, which may prompt hypoactivation in the control system, and this effective connectivity was negatively associated with craving scores in IGD.

8. Reduced Connection to MFG, from putamen and insula in IGD

9. Why males?

10. The Unique Nature of Internet Game Addiction/ Problematic Video Gaming

11. Aberrant Connectomes The human brain is a complex system that can be effciently represented as a network of gray matter (GM) regions interconnected by white-matter (WM) bundles , named the human connectome .

12. Conclusion IGA is not an addiction process only It has a social cognitive and neurobiological impacts on adolescents The Dominance of the reward system over cortical control is the main result of IGA This would interfere in other neural networks structurally and functionally. The long term impact of these changes on the brain is anticipated but awaited validation.

13. Thank You