Gauss gun

PPT on Gauss Gun By Sai Chaithanya Sharma.

1. A PRESENTATION ON ELECTROMAGNETIC COIL GUN BY Sai Chaithanya DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS Shree Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Institute of Technology, Ujire-574240

2. Overview : Coil Gun or Gauss Gun or Gauss rifle. Gauss rifle is a type of projectile accelerator. Consisting of one or more coils used as electromagnets. Range: 10gram to 100kg of weight and speed up to 1 Km/sec. Suitable for military purpose and has a Future in next generation advanced weaponry.

3. History… First Coil gun was developed and Patented by Norwegian scientist Kristian Birkeland in 1904. In 1933 Texan inventor Virgil Rigsby developed a stationary coil gun that was Designed to be used like a MACHINE GUN.

4. Principle of Operation… Electro magnetic gun uses the Lorentz Force (J*B). It works on principle of induction and repulsion. Single stage or Multistage coils are placed coaxially [as Barrel]. Path of the accelerating projectile lies along the central axis. Windings of conductors are across the coils [voltage supply].

5. Principle of 0peration…

6. The current applied to the coil creates magnetic flux. Coils are switched in such a way that projectile is accelerated quickly via Magnetic forces. If repulsive and attractive forces were of the same magnitude, the projectile would remain motionless.

7. Construction ... There are two type of setups ,single and multi stage. Single staged coilgun formed by a single coil of wire. Ferromagnetic projectile is placed at one of its end.

8. Power is supplied from fast discharge devices. Typically a battery or high voltage and capacity capacitor. Infrared or photosensitive sensor is placed at the middle of the path of acceleration. Solid –state switches (IGBTs or MOSFETs) are used for switching .

9. Construction..

10. Diagram of coil gun geometry.

11. Working …

12. Design Aspects…

13. Magnetic Circuit… Barrel of the projectile is made up of a track that projectile rides on. Driver is the magnetic coils around the track. Low inductance copper coils are used for this purpose.  

14. Where, Fp = electromagnetic force experienced by the projectile. m = mass of the projectile (in Kg). V 1 = velocity of the projectile at time t1. V2 = velocity of the projectile at time t2. Electromagnetic force experienced…

15. Electric Circuit… Fast discharge capacitors are used for magnetizing the coil. Capacitor bank is used to obtain the high voltage and current.

16. Switching Circuit… Highly sensitive photo sensors are used to sense the position of projectile. Solid state switch used must be of high current carrying capacity. Ex: IGBT, MOSFET etc

17. Circuit diagram of coil gun stage…

18. Efficiency …     Where, Wm = Kinetic energy increment, Wc = Original Electric energy stored in the Capacitors. m = Mass of the projectile (in Kg).

19. Temperature rise of coil…

20. Advantages ... Most conventional firearms which can be easily constructed . Has high performance during action. Can be able to adapt or be adapted to many different areas of applications. Usage of explosive gun powders can be avoided permanently.

21. Disadvantages… The peak power issue. Need of good capacitors. User is prone to electrocution. Enormous heat may cause errors in accuracy.

22. Potential uses.. Much higher efficiency and energy can be obtained with designs of greater expense and sophistication. In 1978, Bondaletov in the USSR achieved record acceleration with a single stage by sending a 2 gram ring to 5000 m/s in 1cm of length, but the most efficient modern designs tend to involve many stages. Electromagnetic aircraft catapults are planned, including on board future U.S. Gerald R. Ford class aircraft carriers. An experimental induction coil gun version of an Electromagnetic Missile Launcher (EMML) has been tested for launching tomahawk Missiles. A coil gun based active defense system for tanks is under development at HIT in China. NASA planes to create a coil gun based launcher to launch small satellite.

23. Thank You…